Amarillo Sunday News-Globe (Amarillo, Tex.), Vol. 13, No. 33, Ed. 1 Sunday, August 14, 1938 Page: 89 of 264
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—After Exploration, Trade. ♦.♦Comanchero-Indian Alliance Flourishes
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Spanish-American Era on Plains Also Marked by Peaceful Pastoral Plazas
The dust had barely settled on the trails of the explorers
when the carretas and burros of the colorful Spanish-Amer-
ican trader—the Comanchero—began to break out new
roads across the high prairies. Rendezvous on the river or in
the canyon. Beads, and tobacco; coffee and calico; mus-
kets and whiskey for the Comanches. Buffalo robes, stolen
horses and gaunt longhorns, driven by night from the Cross
Timbers, for the Comancheros.
It was a shady, albeit a colorful business. Stern caval-
rymen galloped here and there, bent on destroying the
nefarious trade—when they weren't winking at it and shar-
ing in its profits.
Following the trader came the peaceful sheepherder.
Driving his flocks to greener pastures along the rivers, he
settled and made his home. Gay little communities, or
plazas, sprang up where the shade was deepest and the grass
was greenest. Lilting voices were raised in song; twinkling
feet danced in the village courtyard. Occasionally a padre
from the missions of New Mexico held Mass, married couples
and christened babies.
It was carefree and gay—this era of the Comanchero.
Back East, where civilization reigned, a man named Abra-
ham Lincoln was stumping the state of Illinois debating
against a man named Douglas. There were rumblings in the
South against the tyranny of Washington. The man Lincoln
became President. Clouds of war hovered over the nation
—then broke in a cataclysm of civil strife.
ButonthehighprairiesofthePanhandle.Caballcrosand
their senoritas danced in the plazas; shrewd Comancherps
traded with the shrewder Comanches. There was no war
here. There was color and gaiety—and a bit of shady busi-
ness when Comanchero made a rendezvous with Comanche.
* * *
"American, Mexican, and Indian outlaws and cattle
rustlers made this region their headquarters . . . more horses
and cattle changed hands in this region than in ail Texas, and
all of it was stolen." E. A. McClesky, frontiersman.
Colorful Comanchero Freebooters Reaped Fortunes in Plains Trades
"i raffic in Stolen Cattle Hits
Peak During Period 1850-1870
By EDNA KAHLBAtJ
The Panhandle has forgotten, excopt when some musty hook is rear!, or when an
ancient Spanish spur is found, that this was once a hiph sea of grass across which hold
pirates launched their prairie fleets in search of loot, pirafes close in line with those
who sailed the Spanish Main. They were Mexicans, who, dressed in crude leather
trousers, with flat-topped "sombreros," armed with wide-muzzled fucils, walked he-
side patient burros, or bestrode ewe-necked mustangs, and journeyed thus from New
Mexico onto the "Ceja" of the Comanches the "eyebrow or Cap Rock as it is known
today, to hobnob and barter with the Plains Indians. So profitable was their relation-
ship, so bountiful their booty, that for two score years the dustscarcely settled between
their caravans.
In the years following
3 850, as the result of the
early chance meetings of
several years of relationship
on the open plains, there de-
veloped a traffic in stolen
stock, the old comanchero
trade, that sent approxi-
mately 300,000 head of
Texas cattle and 1 0 0,000
horses over the trails to New
Mexico. For at least 20
years, perhaps more, the
Cross Timbers country in
Central Texas, the few west-
ern settlements toward the
Pease River and Fort Con-
cho, suffered Indian raids
almost with every moon. The
gradual encroachment of the
whites on the ancient buf-
falo range of the Indians
was revenged by barbarous
raids, killing, scalping, and
stealing of stock. The stock
they drove to the wild, un-
rharted expanse of the
Plains where a market
awaited. The Mexicans met
them during the light of the
moon with burro caravans
and old wooden carts loaded
with liquor, arms, beads, cal-
ico, and bread.
The Mexicans who blazed the way
Into the Panhandle and wore re-
sponsible for the beginning of the
cnmanchero trade were the cibnlerns,
who drifted in to butcher and dry
Buffalo meat. By the scores their
exit fits camped along the streams.
They came in contact with the
Plains Indians, and thus small trade
becan. By degrees the relationship
head of Tule, then onward by way
of the main road to Tongue River.
Little of real value was ever giv-
en to the Indians for the vast
herds of cattle and horses they
stole. One old Mexican stated that
"panocha," a coarse sort of bread
made by grinding sprouted wheat
on a nietnfe, sweetening it and
baking It in small loaves, was a
great favorite with the Indians and
had high trade-in value. "Cemita,"
another kind of wheat bread, was
were dealing with a class of people,
both Mexicans and Americans, who
word. As Colonel Goodnight stat- well under way with the drives, over the Indian campaign in the Tule, arid Bianco. Here, a- th' r.i;i, t e freebooter Comanches, row
ed, "I never knew an Indian who then swooped down upon them,' Panhandle and resolved for all time oft related slot-.- goes, MarKenzse 1 broken and hope!':- wore raising
failed to keep his word." On one recapturing stock and forcing the : to do away with Indian troubles by i shot and knocker! in the head about | beans and corn on poor land in
occa.-ion a com,niche™ loaded with Mexicans to buy again. Even then, I practically doing away wit.h the 1.300 Indian ponies, sppropi "-d Ok a noma.
goods met a chief and his band at they received nowhere near full i Indians. While crossing the Plains 'he remainder for the army, and Now, nmr than half a century
an appointed place, but the Indians value. The Indians became so [ in search of Comanche- who had forced the broken band of brave*. I has passed since the last Comanches
brought no stock. The chief de- adept at, repossessing stock that broken away from reservation in squaws, and children to walk back warmed off the ominous Cap Rock
manded the goods, saying that the the Mexicans took to hiding casks Oklahoma, MacKen^ie followed one to the re -rvatinn in Oklahoma, j upon lonely white settlements, since
stock would arrive at a certain ! of liquor and other goods, taking j of the main comanchero trails to Quanah Parker, half-white chief of ; the comaneherns treked across the
time. The Mexican decided he stock resulting from trades well on the Quitaque country. Here he en- the Quehada Comanches, swore he Plains, their dusty caravans loaded
must. lose eitnor his goods or his the road, then leading the Indians countered old Jo-e pieda Tafoya, would broil old Tafoya if he c.er wnh enticing wares St ill the music
scalp, so he agreed to the Indian's ! by means of a few guides to the one of the wealthiest of the c«- caught him for disclo;''-z to the n{ names imgrr.- around their
Filled with apprehen- i cached goods. Thus, if the Indians mancheros, with full caravan, cruis- military 'he one refuge of the in • , _ . ,
* J haunts—Las Tecovas, Las Lengua^,
Casas Amarillas—
demands.
sion, after the chief and his band were still displeased with the trade. • ing about on the Plains in search dians. Freed by MacKcn/ie, and
left with the goods, the Mexican the herd was far along the trail, of Indians with whom to trade, expecting Quanah Parker to jump kas Escarbadas,
waited the appointed day. As the and the remaining Mexican guides General MacKenzie captured Tafo- out from behind every stone, old and their old trails, now dim and
old Indian promised, the full herd depended upon riding full tilt for va and asked information concern- Jose sped back to the Rockies, there cra;., .grown, may still be seen, lead-
arrived in due time. i New Mexico while the Indians ing Indians and enmanrherns. The to die in povertv after controlling , '
. .... . t nrr t r TX*a rn TftrTitirn r
Sometimes, so the comancheros made up their minds whether or j old Mexican refused to talk. With a fortune in contrabanHo.
themselves admitted, the Indians [ not, to get mad. j elemental justice, the general prop- J When the Great Plains Indians !
got wise that, the Mexicans had Change In military authorities at [ ped up the tongue of an army were final!; corraled on Oklahoma leaped into the herd. The ante-
expected to gain and did gain outsmarted them in bargains. Then the forts, the increased wrath of wagon and swung Tafoya up by ' re-ervations. the sun set. on the j lope broke then, of co.;-,e, but the
through their own treachery. The the Red Men dealt out Justice rip- j the cattlemen, and the final sub- the neck until he felt garrulous. cay old days of the comancheros lobos were so well stationed that
Indians, according to almost every ped straight from the grass roots. : jugation of the Plains Indians, put. ; Tafoya led MacKenzie to the The Mexicans were yet free to pro- the; pulled down four—enough for
statement made about them, had If angered by their treatment, they an end to the piracy of the High : stronghold of the Comanches in j cure goods to trade "Oro y pla:a' ihe whole snarling band to fill up
an unusual habit of keeping their' Often allowed the Mexicans .to get i Plains. General MacKenzie took I the vast canyons of Palo Duro. still waited at the end of the trail on.
D. B. Gardner, manager of the
well-known Pitchfork Ranch, told
me that he once got some hounds
to run lobos. The lobos were rang-
ing in bunches. More than one:
when the hounds struck a bunch of
lobos, certain individuals would
circle, come. in behind the hound-
that were running th^ir brothers,
and kill them.
Nearly a hundred years ago Rufur
B. Sage while in Colorado shot into
a band of antelope, wounded one
tracked it in the snow ior four or
Lobo Was Cowardly but Sagacious Brute, Says Old Plainsman
By J. FRANK DOBIE t perhaps vet. remains In the main reported as having a tradition that : "The Jungle Book "
Buffalo Wolf, Gray Wolf, Timber j room, ft huge mounted wolf, a the ancestor of their tribe was : There were "lone
wolves.'
i he climbed a hill to get
but ; of the country. From his
* View
iookou*
Wolf, Lobo, Loafer—All are but vary-j placard about his neck giving t.hi:
also liked. This food the Mexicans | for the dog-like creature history:
that once ranged from Florida to; This wolf made its appearance
cooked-up in considerable quant!.- California „nd from the Yukon far on thr J'ppcr Vrrmrjn on May
. before launching forth on trad- fj0wn into the Sierra Madre, varying j 14, 1912, during a big snow storm,
ing expeditions This bread was in color and 8ize bm banging to
unlea\ened, half-baked, and doubt- one species. As one of his narres
less a.s a rock before it finally I suggests, he was exceedingly charac-
leached the Indians. Liquor was , teristic of the buffalo country- he
fust carried in gourds slung across pi„jns,
burros. l he Indians paid dearly j Many stories survive of how, litint-
for it. am, when trading expanded, jng in packs, the lobo? would pull
hauled in small casks. Great j down and devour great, buffalo bu!'«.
quantities of red calico, knives, guns, as a matter of fact, the buffalo
lead, beads, and other gaudy j bulls thus pulled down were usually
trumperies were loaded on for ex- u-ca.k or otherwise disabled and thus
peditions. (segregated from the herd. The per-
A few sites became natural trad- secution of the big wolves may have
Ing grounds. Las Tecovas Springs.
later headquarters for the Frying
Pan Ranch, was one favorite spot.,
Tascosa another. Las Tecovas was
the Spanish name given to the
large buffalo-hide sacks used for
packing "came seeo," dried meat,
the name doubtless being a herit-
age from Ihe ciboleros. Too, the
term was used to designate a crude
footgear used by the Mexicans, a
sort of moccasin made from buf-
falo hide cut from low on the ]r*r
the wool left on and turned inside.
Other trading grounds were lo-
cated far to the southeast, In a
valley near Quitaque and down on
"Las Lenguas" or Tongue River.
The valley near Quitaque was known
as "Valle de Las l.agrimas" the
"Vallcv of Tears." Here the In-
nursed by a she-wolf—the old , one of the most interesting charac- he presently saw below him a
-tory again of how Romulus and teristics of the big grey wolf, as bunch of antelope grazing re •ies.'-
; Remus, founders of Rome, were also of coyotes, is the way in which ly. Then he saw a lobo wolf r:-;e
nurtured by a she-wolf; the story
also that Kipling immortalized in
MjmvM S '
mmMM &
" i
'-I*, ^
five miles, and then stopped on a
hillock whence he could • a ron-
gregation of fifty or a
undr
hunting on the edge of the plains, | da-sh in any direction, a big wolf
kj-YIp{,
awsi&'G- -
•<«: r-" • ,<ur . '
>U';a2 '
-V
1*.
*— M 5 Ijt..
J*
became more important and more i dians separated captive white moth-
rtrnfitahle Ai f,, t „ . i ers an(i children to carry "
1 u,amn- At first the Mexican out- „„„„„ . . '
tl. I away in separate bands. It wa™ inK t.h"!uhPr/1 ]?s,tinct so characlf>ris-
fif-s were content to come into the place of bitterest grief, and the | tlc of ,hR buffal0'
Panhandle and drift around, chanc-| Mexicans thus- fittingly named it. ; "A single buffalo," said Uncle
v. the ! Around the Tongue River grounds. 1 Dick Woot.ten, famous plainsman
trade crew renrir.... , ' '"J i for spoils and barter, gathered I an<l mountain man, "could not. de-
; s p]anned, Mexicans, Indians, and renegade !fend himself against a pack of hun-
stock and trading goods in- whites. In the course of trade, wolves, because while some of
creased in volume and value. ! there was such a conglomeration ,hPm charged him in front,, others
As early as 1820 there wa.; some ! of sign, English, Spanish, and In- I would fasten their sharp teeth into
tiading. Pike, crossing this region dian languages that the Mexicans i hind part.s, cut the ham-strings,
In 18.12, stated tha;. he saw trails! referred to the river as "Rio de anr' poor bull then dropped.
La.s Lenguas," the River of Tongues. When a band of buffaloes lay down
hence the original name Tongue night, they usually made a circle, j
River. inside of which were the calves, j
Unfortunately there were, over I hen if they were attacked by,
„ at forts in New Mexico, authorities iw.oh.'es, they, standing side by side
V,. f Gregg, in 1 r.rin. •... of the who encouraged the ignorant Mexi- 'iraf's down, presented a solid
tune i; di^ent ' resident.- of some cans and the Indians in their pir- ■ 'K'1"n8 front and could take care
l^'e t Mr: Co village who hunted acy. For some time, the comanchero 'hemselves against any pack,
buifalo and traded with Plains In-I trade furnished the bulk of cattle j "When hunting buffalo, I have!
dians | that crossed into New Mexico. In j sat many a time all night by a :
• * * later years Goodnight and other j blazing fire, throwing the red-hot
Although in developing, the | Texas trail drivers found hundreds brands every now and then at aj
tr.<r> i cached i'. height between ; of their cattle among the Mexicans i pack of wolves, to keep them from
l" i0 and 1870. Texas settlements I and Indians, and ready for butcher j stealing the game I had slaugh-
*'">•' crowdinc we.-'ward, and the at reservations and forts, stork tered. One night hundreds of the'
embittered Indians wre .'.ed hor- stolen from far in Central Texas, i brutes kept, me company. They |
dirible vengeance. The. Civil War j * * * [ would come so close that I could
disrupted the country. Cattle ran Many blameless persons were in- see their eyes shining like balls
a'i d and often unbranded. Afier volved due to the fact, that they of fire in the darkness, and all the
incfi Mock was trail-driven through | did not realize how the stock was , 'ime they kept up a snapping and
the Pecos River country to New procured. They knew only that j .".narling that would have set. a man
Mexico and Colorado The Co-' cattle and horses came cheap j crazy who did not know what
log a meeting with Indians. As
o\er which Mexicans journeyed in-
to the Panhandle. Captain Marcy,
m 1849, saw camp sites along the
south bank' of the Canadian River,
and cart trails leading into the
nianche.s waylaid and stole the through the hands of the Indians,
cattle Even the fierce M'-cnlero The wife of an officer at Fort Bas-
Apaches, in all their splendor, com in 1805, sent a copper kettle
swarmed out of the wild Guada- and a Navajo blanket with the Mexi- during the night, and the dead
lupes, a scourge of the trail.
Two deep-worn comanchero trails
led through the Panhandle coun-
''y. and another entered Texas
near the Pecos, going southeast
cans to be traded to Indians and
received 12 head of cattle in re-
turn. Some officers at the forts
even outfitted the Mexicans with
caravans and goods, taking the lion's
to Canon Rescate, the "Canyon of share of Ihe profits themselves.
I Ransom," with Yellow House as
j 1!." lit aiiwatris, down liear l.uli-
I it k. Oil" ct| the Panhandle 11 nils
[lett las Ve/us and coursed Hlong
I'1'" south hanks of the Canadian
I1;1-"', continuing along the Fort
Ifimith Road to Las Tecovas Springs.
|The other was several miles to the
oiith, with Truillo Creek as a
catering place. This road con-
tinued to the head of Palo Puro
nvon near the present town of
Canyon, ilience south to the Tule,
k nd mi In ♦].« o...;•*/,
I1" n to 'ivuii-uf or Pr.c ,- Rivt r A
■l'i' trull was luial'fl between
I1 '• two roan.>, from I-'ort Sumner
I«a Lngunn, to LagunA Salftda,
Las Escarbadas, and on to the
John Hitt>on, a Texas cowman,
offered to .suppress the trade if
Texas cattlemen would give him
power of attorney to repos.se.ss their
stock when he found it among
Mexicans and Indians. He was so
furious over his own lasses and
because of the duplicity of the of-
ficers Pt forts that, he offered to
pay the expenses of three outfits
of About 80 men each to set out
across the Plains and New Mexico
in open war on the traffic. He
repossessed thousands of cattle and
horses and seriously hampered the
heretofore free-lance traders.
The Indians, a.s was usually the
case, got the worst of every trade
had a cood Heal to do with develop- | NrarJv a foot- of snow fell on th*
t— i 1 1 '-"4~ 13th and 14th.
On ,the nicht of May 14 thi*
wolf killrr! 11 head of yearlinps.
From that time until hr was
caught, March 8, 1913, hr killed
for the Adams f'attlp Company
fully 100 head of cattle and nearly
that many cattle and rolls for
other companies besides thr harm
done by maiming, frightening and
running: the cattle. During: this
time he also killed a large num-
ber of deer and wild turkey.
The damage done by this wolf
may be conservatively estimated
at $7,500.
The Adams Cattle < ompany
paid $200 for Ihe killing of the
wolf. Other rewards were of-
fered, amounting to as much
more. The wolf was caught in a
trap set I y J. A. Black after all
the best wolf men in this part
of the state failed to catch him.
The reason this wolf was so hard
to catch was that he would never
travel a trail. As far as 1 know,
he was seen but once and that
was at a distance of half a mile
or more.
This was without doubt the
hardest wolf to trap f have heard
about, lie Was an equal to the
lobo that Seton Thompson wrote
one of his best animal stories
about.
Harry W. Adams,
Vermejo Park, New Mexico.
When people refer, v uallv with
! something of admiration, to a man
Just before daylight, but they had | as being a "lone wolf," thev are
given me a mighty lively all-night I unconsciously paying a kind of
serenade." tribute to those cunning, solitary.
When cattle took the place of liberty-preserving rangers of the
they cooperated with each other up out of the grass to one side of
in securing game. They would the antelope, look, and squat out
take stands, relay each other, cut of sight. Soon other lobos began
across cirrles, and otherwise show appearinc in various directions
the most, cunning sagacity in run- around thf ant<iopr. Th "- cot, the
nine down (heir prey. : antelope surrounded. Aft"'" the
One year while George Bigford, surround was so complete that the
a* he related to me. was buffalo sntelopr seemed afraid to make a wolves. The sr. wc b' r
in a valley lying between two ranj-
' es of hills. Then Sage saw ih°
wolves string themselves out. along
t.hp hills skirting the valley and
t-ake station."!. When the wolves
had taken their stands, two iohos
took after the antelope. The an-
telope fled down the valley, but
suddenly a lobo would leap out tn
front of them and then they would
veer In another direction, on y '
be cut off again.
Pace watched, as he tells in hr.
hook Rocky Mountain Life, until
he had seen several antelope fall
victim to wolf cunning.
Very few lobos are now left In
tbe united States, so relentless has
been government, and private en-
terprise after t.hcm. Occasionallv
one drifts up from Mexico, wher"
tales not well authenticated can
be heard of their attacking and
devouring human hemes. The )obo
has virtually ceased forever to be
a part of the life of the plains
and mountains in this country, but
the tradition of such, an Interest-
ing animal is not. likely to perish
for a lone, long while.
"THE DAMAGE DONE BY THIS WOl.F may hp conservatively estimated at $7,500.
. . . On the nipht of May 14 he killed 11 head of yearlings. . , . The reason this
wolf was so hard to catch was that he would never travel a trail. As far as I
know, he was never seen but once and that was at a distance of half a mile or
more."
Amarillo Sunday News-Globe
AMARTLLO, TEXAS—GOLDEN ANNIVERSARY EDITION. 193S.
THIRTY -TWO PAGES
SECTION C
N D E X
cowardly brutes they were. I didn't
care to waste much amunition on
them, but I killed three or four
wolves ■ e at once torn to pieces
and devoured hv the balance of
the cannibals. They sneaked away
buffaloes on the plains, the big
wolves were Immediately recognized
by stockmen as nature's worst
enemy. Cooperative drives were
frequently organized to run down,
rope, shoot and destroy the lobos.
They were poisoned and bounties
were set on their scalps. Many
a waddie just about ruined a $50
horse running after a wolf whose
scalp would bring him $10 or may-
be $25. The owner paid for the
hcrsc r.r.vl the !p too* hist «** th£ t
he probably saved money.
« «
At the Vermejo Park Ranch In
New Mexico, ROOO feet tip in the
ARTICLES
Adobe Walls Rattle
An Optimist
Auto Storage
Beau Rrummcl
Burst Pipes
Bus Lines
Buying Egss
By Messenger
Calculatin'
Camera Skill
Can Be Done
Captain Kirid
Casimero Romero
Central Church of Christ
Central Presbyterian Church
Chance Night
Circuit Rider's Wife .
City Parks
Comanchero Freebooters ....
Coyote Exonerated
Craftsmen
Deduction
Derbies
Dime 1 -ine
Early Bird
Fighting Parson
Pill Orders
Fire LAddies
Fireproof
Half a Century
Helen of Troy .
? 4 Here in Boom ..
'0 Horse Ranch ..
20 House Boom
fi How to Start
28 Interesting ....
Pa ce
20 Vara
20 Venr
21
10
23
12
10
D
g
whether they knew it or not. They 1 mountains, there used to be and
"Custer Wolf," credited A'itli hav-
ing destroyed $25.0(10 worth of
stock, and in Ernest Seton Thomp-
son's "I/ibo, the King of the Cur-
rumpaw," a story to he found in
that writer's Wild Animals I Have j
Known.
plains and mountains personified Fllst B~t Church .....
in the Adams Wolf. In \;e greiUiFi.st of Adobe Wal|s
Fii>t Christian Church ....
Fox Honored
Frontier Boy
Fur Climate
Geared Growlh
Gems to Horns
i Gentleman. Scholar
" 7, , Ghostlv Plazas
Understanding the nature of thr Gn]riPn Krnns
lobo, one ran understand better how IQ00f| Rotarian
certain tribes of Indians claimed (-,(KK| Sk|p
kinship to the animal, though "Old uncle
Man Coyote" appears much morr orows Fast
often In the mythology of the Hn,t as Cents !
Western Indians than does the |
lobo, The Comanches have been
Job in Texas
Just Starting
Lighting Up
loblolly Polk
Lobo Was Cowardly
Location of Plazas
Long on Polk
28, 23 Lone In Texas
13 Luckily Late
30 "Man in Gray"
Ifi Moderation .
in Mushrooming
Is Mustangs
1 New Mexico-West Texas
21 No 111 Wind
• • " Now Manager
2r old Spain Lingers
• • 1" One PTophecv
24 Palo Duro Baptist
21 Parasol "No Go
3 Pause That Refreshes
R Pioneer Bank
2,23.24 pioneer Funeral Man
5 Polk Street Methodist
H "Pony" Spencer Drowns
.. 2, 4 pray in School
18 Raiding Indians
12 Red and Black Ink
5 Russell's Brands
23 San Jacinto Baptist Church.
21 shirt. Fitter
20 Shoes by Mail
.. 10 Shoe Surgeon
4
fl
23
24
10
30
18
8
1
4
20
24
20
3
23
24
17
25
28
24
17
Water Vendors
Wild Man
Work On the Railroad ..
Written in Wheat
Young Swiss Finds Home
Page
20
24
6
ADVERTISI NG
Amarillo Business Colleg*
Amarillo Hardware .
Amarillo National Rflnk .
Amarillo News-Globe
CO.
Amarillo Used Car
Askew fc Brown ....
Ballard.s Cleaners ....
Barton Grocery
Bensley Alarm System
BpII Furniture .. ....
Boxwell Btos
Burgess, F. S. .
Bush, Win. H.. Estate
Central Groccry
20 Cin Market
32 Cllfft. Carl G
8 Cornelius, Frances
18 Cornelius. Fred E
20 Cowie. E S., Elect rir Co
22 Dcndy's Beauty School
Doche & Co
24
in
Hunslev s Inc.
International Accountan
Jenkins Onc-Stnn Servir
Johnson Grocery A', Mark
Jansonius Nursery , . .
Jordan Market
Klock Construction Co. .
Lemons Grocery
Liberty Investment Co. .
Liberty Theater
LI tie Construction Co. ..
Live fi Let Live
Lucille Shoppe
Lydiek Roofing Co. Inc.
McClendon Groeerv
Mcllroy's Market
McKnight Transfer Co.
Miller Pharmacy .. .
Miller Printing Co. ,
Montgomery, Dr. T. M.
Musical
Ordwav
Osgood
Ottlnge
Palace
Panhan
Phillips
Plains i
Plains (
Polk St
Arts Coi
-Saunder
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erv
6
17
23
or
20
21
8
24
Earle Grocery
East, C. W.
Edgefield Grocery ....
Elliott, C. P
Elmer Bros
Fain. H. B , Chemical
Finch A- Gavin
First Federal Savine-
Co.
4 Silver Lining 24 F|vk Building
18 Stenographv
14 Sticky Mud
21 Suits in Glass ..
16 Tender Now
23 Terpsichorean ...
28 Tryst with Time
14 Fttrr Food
2" Hallmark Grocery
4 Harris, W. L., Groeerv
0 Hobart-Dayton Agency
14 Hudspeth Directory Co.
14 Hughes Street Grocery ,
16
•J
30
5
4
11
21
21
■amen
>t Grc
Red (V White Stores ..
Reneau Grocer;.
Robert Ricks Realty Co
Roberts ti Olver
Royal Typewriters
Roy Burke fi Companj
Ro\ Hill Plumbing Co.
Scale s shoe Store ,..
Southworth. Harvey ....
State of New Mexico ...
Texas Club 27
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14
20
16
21 22
IB
21
12
21
. 27
30
31
21
28
4
24
IB
24
20
20
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21
10
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8
8
31
21
21
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30
20
18
24
3
10
25
Troy Laundry 31
Western Rubber Corp 2.1
White House Lumber Co 32
26 Williams-Boyee Agency 13
16 Wolflln Motor Co 27
21 Zwelg Service Station 34
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Amarillo Sunday News-Globe (Amarillo, Tex.), Vol. 13, No. 33, Ed. 1 Sunday, August 14, 1938, newspaper, August 14, 1938; Amarillo, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth299921/m1/89/: accessed April 30, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Hutchinson County Library, Borger Branch.