The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912 Page: 97
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Revolt of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico in 1680
known, it is sufficient here to state that according to the best
authorities Ofiate, with about four hundred men, of whom one
hundred and thirty were accompanied by their families, reached
the country of the Pueblo Indians in the early summer of 1598.
In July of that year they formally took possession of the province
at a junta of the representatives from thirty-four pueblos, and in
a short while the establishment of Spanish authority in New
Mexico was complete.
The history of New Mexico as a Spanish province from 1598 to
1680 is little known in detail, due to the fact that when the
natives rose in revolt in the latter year they captured the archives
covering the events of that period and burned them in the plaza
of Santa F6. From 1598 to 1620 the quarrels between the civil
and ecclesiastical authorities were the most noteworthy incidents,
and in the end they came near bringing destruction to the whole
colony. By 1630, however, the affairs were on a firmer footing,
and besides the fifty friars who ministered to many thousand
Christianized natives--more than 60,000 according to Bena-
videsl--there was also a garrison of two hundred and fifty sol-
diers stationed at Santa F6. For the period from 1630 to 1680
Vetancurt," published in the first volume of the 1871 edition, the editor
states that the writer in question himself signed his name with the final
"t." From the foregoing, therefore, it seems that his name was Vetancurt.
Inasmuch as all the citations in this article are to the 1697 edition of the
Or6nica, I have consistently spelled the author's name as it appears in
that book. Bancroft, in the list of authorities given in his Arizona and
New Mexico, spells the name Vetancurt, but in the text and footnotes
Vetancur.
Misleading statements in regard to the Teatro Mexicano have appeared
in the works of other modern writers. For instance, Bandelier says,
"Sixty-eight years after Benavides' time the Teatro Mexicano of the Fran-
ciscan Fray Agustin de Vetancurt was published. The third and fourth
parts of this important work, namely the Cronica de la Provincia del
Santo Evangelio de Mexico and the Menologio Franciscano are of the
highest value." (Papers of the American School of Archaeology, Number
13: Documentary History of the Rio Grande Pueblos, Bibliographical In-
troduction, p. 19.) As a matter of fact the whole of the Teatro was not
published in 1698, but only the first three parts; the fourth part, the
Gr6nica, as is pointed out above, was published in 1697. Moreover, the
Menologio is not a part of the Teatro, although it is bound with the 1697
edition of the Or6nica. Hodge (Handbook of American Indians, Part II,
p. 1219) repeats the mistake by Bandelier just pointed out. I may add
that my knowledge of the Teatro Mexicano and the Menologio Franciscano
is based on an examination of the 1697, 1698 and 1871 editions of these
works.
'Benavides, "Memorial," translated in The Land of Sunshine, vol. XIII.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912, periodical, 1912; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101056/m1/102/: accessed May 1, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.