The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912 Page: 79
382 p. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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The Jumano Indians, 1650-1771
ried succor from Monclova to the missionaries on the Neches.
Among the tribes which he reported seeing on the way were the
Jumanes.'
We have thus been able to follow almost continuously for the
decade between 1683 and 1693 a Jumano tribe living near the
Rio Grande, both above and below the Pecos, or hunting buffalo in
south central Texas. Their winter home was characteristically
near the Pecos and Rio Grande, while in summer they journeyed
to the buffalo plains of the Guadalupe and the Colorado. They
were enemies of the Apaches, who had crowded them southward
from the upper Colorado.
In October, 1693, Texas was abandoned by the Spaniards, and
until 1716 they had relatively slight contact with the province.
But even during that period we get glimpses of the Jumano in
the south. At the time of the withdrawal, Joseph de Urrutia was
left wounded among the Cantona, Indians of the lower Colorado.
In later years, when captain at San Antonio, he declared that in
the course of the seven years during which he remained among
the Indians he became their "capitan grande," leading the allies
against the Apache, "sometimes with 10,000 or 12,000 Indians,
and others with more, of the nations where I was [and ?], of the
Pelones and Jumanes."2 This traces the tribe till 1700. In 1706
we hear of an Juman Indian at Monclova, south of the Rio Grande,
giving testimony3 based on information gained from an Indian
of the Timamar tribe, that is a tribe living near the Rio Grande,
implying that the Juman had probably been in that region.4
'"Dictamen Fiscal," in "Mem. de NVueva Espana," XXVII, 185. He went
east in May and June, and returned in June and July. It will be noted
that the season was the same as that of the Massanet expedition of 1691.
2Letter of July 4, 1733. MS. in the Archivo General, Mexico.
'The testimony was given incident to an investigation of certain rumors
of French in Texas. "Diferentes Noticias de Indios de como ay Espafioles
azia los Texas." MS. in Archivo General y Publico, Mexico.
'It is noteworthy that when Fathers Espinosa and Olivares made their
expedition to the San Marcos in 1709 they did not mention seeing the
Jumano, though they did see Chief Cantona. (Espinosa, "Diario," MS.
1709.)
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912, periodical, 1912; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101056/m1/84/: accessed April 30, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.