The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912 Page: 78
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Texas Historical Association Quarterly
Sabeata, who spoke Spanish, and with the chief of the Catqueza,
who had been raised in Parral and had lived in New Mexico, later
returning to his people.' He says: "The said nations of Indians,
Choma, Cibola, and Caynaagua are Indians who live on and whose
country is the bank of the Rio Del Norte. They [or the last named,
estos] are contiguous to the Salineros, who live on the banks of
the Salado [Pecos] which joins the rio del Norte. They are con-
tiguous also to the Apaches and have wars with them. The
Apaches are a. cordillera which runs from east to west and are at
war with all. Only with the Salineros do they have peace. . .
These of the nation Choma are the Indians which in El Parral
and Nuevo. Mexico they call Jumanes. Every year they come to
reconnoiter the Rio de Guadalupe, and some go as far as los Texas.
They come to kill buffalo, and carry back [llevan] the skins, be-
cause in their country there are no buffalo. As soon as the cold
weather comes they go to their country. Don Juan Labiata
[Sabeata],2 Captain of said Chomanes, displayed a commission as
Governor of his nation and those who might be in his following.
Another Indian of the same nation displayed another commission
as Lieutenant of the said Don Juan Labiata. Both commissions
were given them by the Governor of Nueva Viscaya, Dn. Juan
Ysidro Pardifias."8 Sabeata told Massanet that many of the
people he had with him had been baptized at Parral, and asked
the missionary to return with him to his country, but Massanet
put him off with excuses, remarking in his diary that since these
Indians entered Parral and El Paso every year, they could have
ministers if they chose.4
Writing in the same year (1691), Fray Francisco Casafias de
Jesus Maria, missionary on the Neches, mentions the Chuman
tribe as allies of the Texas and enemies of the Apache, and living
to the southwest.6 In the summer of 1693 Gregorio Salinas car-
'Ibid., 99.
2In the original the spelling is "Sabeata."
'Ibid., 191. Teran says "y los mandones competentes formales de los
Governadores actuales de la Viscaya y Nuevo Mexico." op. cit., 28-29.
4Ibid., 101. In spite of their friendly conference, the Jumano are re-
ported to have followed the Spanish expedition to the San Marcos (Colo-
rado), stealing horses and causing other trouble. (Autos of the expedi-
tion, 109, 110, 112, 126, 127, 129, etc.)
Casafias, "Relaci6n." MS.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912, periodical, 1912; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101056/m1/83/: accessed April 30, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.