The postcard caption reads: 'Scene along the march of the U.S. Soldiers in Mexico'. The scene in this photograph was somewhere in Mexico. An unknown Mexican boy stands next to his donkey as he poses for this photograph. The donkey was saddled up for riding. Over the right shoulder of the Mexican boy there stands an Army supply wagon that is harnessed to two mules. An old adobe home, perhaps the home of the Mexican boy and his family, is visible in the background. This was most likely a small ranch. A U.S. Army Soldier is riding the wagon with the two mules. And at least 4 other U.S. Soldiers are visible in this photograph.
Postcard image of an unknown Mexican Family in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. One Mexican man sits on his donkey as he is facing the Mexican family - perhaps he is a visitor. A Mexican family of six pose in front of their adobe house. Father sits with his hat in his hands. Mother, wearing the dark colored dress and also holding a small child, stands behind her husband. A young boy and a teenage girl flank each side of the woman who is holding the baby. And finally an older woman, someone's abuelita, is standing under the doorway of the adobe house. Both men are wearing traditional Mexican peon garb and hats.
Postcard image of an unknown Mexican Family in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico. One Mexican man sits on his donkey as he is facing the Mexican family - perhaps he is a visitor. A Mexican family of six pose in front of their adobe house. Father sits with his hat in his hands. Mother, wearing the dark colored dress and also holding a small child, stands behind her husband. A young boy and a teenage girl flank each side of the woman who is holding the baby. And finally an older woman, someone's abuelita, is standing under the doorway of the adobe house. Both men are wearing traditional Mexican peon garb and hats.
Postcard image of an unidentified Mexican family -- two women, one young female, and a man -- seated in a semi-circle on the dirt ground in front of their tent. On the ground in front of them, there is a cup near the man's feet (at left), a stack of homemade tortillas on top of one of the larger cooking pots, and a coffee pot. The back of the postcard reads: "Tortillas for dinner. (Tortillas are made of either corn or flour, water & salt.) A small of dough is slapped into a pan cake and cooked on a tin or anything convenient over a small fire", Walter. The postcard is dated March 13, 1914.
Postcard image of an unidentified Mexican family -- two women, one young female, and a man -- seated in a semi-circle on the dirt ground in front of their tent. On the ground in front of them, there is a cup near the man's feet (at left), a stack of homemade tortillas on top of one of the larger cooking pots, and a coffee pot. The postcard is post marked March 13, 1914, El Paso, Texas. The postcard reads: "Note the 'shoes' on the man. The whole family wore the same kind. Tortillas (corn or flour - water & salt) for dinner. A small ball of dough is slapped into a pancake and cooked on a piece of tin over a camp fire". The postcard is addressed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Hallowell, Maine, Loudeu Hill.
Postcard image of at least three Mexican Insurrecto prisoners behind bars, being guarded at a jailhouse in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. A man is seated outside the left side of the window; he is wearing a Mexican army-style uniform, including a large sombrero and a bullet ammo bandolier with a 5 round ammo clip. A woman is standing near the right corner of the window, looking inward at the prisoners. Handwritten on the back: "We saw this prison it is just a large brick house. Looks like a small school house"
Postcard image of an unidentified rural neighborhood in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, with the handwritten label "Mexican Quarters" at the bottom. The image was taken from a hill and there is a mix of adobe houses and wooden shacks with wooden fencing built around an open square below, and other buildings along the ridge of other hills in the left and center parts of the image. In the square, an unidentified woman is hanging laundry and several horses are visible, as well as a wagon; three other people are walking up a path in the background. Written on the back of the postcard, "Haven't forgotten you. Will write soon. Everything fine, Walter." The postcard is addressed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Hallowell, Maine.
Postcard image of an unidentified rural neighborhood in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, with the handwritten label "Mexican Quarters" at the bottom. The image was taken from a hill and there is a mix of adobe houses and wooden shacks with wooden fencing built around an open square below, and other buildings along the ridge of other hills in the left and center parts of the image. In the square, an unidentified woman is hanging laundry and several horses are visible, as well as a wagon; three other people are walking up a path in the background. A handwritten note on the back addressed to Miss G. M. Horne says, "Dear G.M. Haven't forgotten you. Will write soon. Everything fine and lots of work. Walter. "
Postcard image of a house made of adobe bricks with the handwritten label "Typical Mexican Ranch House" along the bottom. In front of the house, there is a well in the right side of the image and behind the well, a girl with a horse is drawing water. Two children are standing under a small tree, to the left of the well. A handwritten note on the back, addressed to Miss G. M. Horne says, "Will write in a day or two. Ok here. Hope you are well. Very quiet in this section. No Business. Walter."
Postcard image of a house made of adobe bricks with the handwritten label "Typical Mexican Ranch House" along the bottom. In front of the house, there is a well in the right side of the image and behind the well, a girl with a horse is drawing water. Two children are standing under a small tree, to the left of the well. A handwritten note on the back, addressed to Mrs. Henry Horne says, "Will write tomorrow or next day. Ok here. Hope you are well. Walter."
According to the author's written caption; the event in this photographs is that of a group of Mexican Refugees on their way to the United States. The author, Walter Horne, does not provide any information for the exact location for this event - neither has a date been provided. We can only assume that this group is somewhere in Mexico. The image shows a long line of groups of families traveling on their mule drawn wagons. Mostly mules can be seen harnessed to these wagons. No exact information is provided from where in Mexico these refugees are coming from, nor is their any information about their final destination. The weather must be cold because some of the men are wearing thick wool coats and the three women in the first wagon are using blankets to keep warm.
Postcard image of a Mexican Troop Train. Several dozen Mexican Troops can be seen in this picture. The troops on the ground are waiting for something. The men are wearing coats, zarapes, and sombreros ergo the weather must be cold. Another group of men can be seen on top of the railroad livestock cars. There are several women standing and sitting on top of the livestock railroad cars. During the Mexican Revolution it was common to see many women accompanying their husbands. Written on one of the livestock cars are the letters N. DE M. 14054. N. DE M. - Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México [1903 - 1995]. In English - National Railways of Mexico.
Postcard caption reads: Mexican Family Traveling. Riding Box Car and Rods. Box car rods were part of the undercarriage of the box cars. The women in this photo are not refugees of the Mexican Revolution. The women in this image were most likely traveling with their husbands in support of the Mexican Revolution. Many ordinary Mexican women and wives supported the Mexican Revolution by traveling with their husbands and supporting the Revolution by taking care of the everyday needs of the men and of the families that traveled along with the men. The women were supporting the Revolution by cooking, cleaning, and by taking care of the wounded. Entire families would travel and support the Mexican revolutionaries. There are plenty of details in this photo. One woman is combing out her hair while the woman next to her (left image) smiles at the camera - a pair of women's legs dangle (women's boots) from out of the right side of the box car door. Beneath the deck of the box car three rifles (left side) are stored at the ready. Outside of the box car, two young Mexican boys (wearing sombreros) are seen facing each other. One of the boys is holding his hands together. The creator of this image did not provide a location or a date for this event. The women who actually fought in the Mexican Revolution were known as Adelitas.
This work provides a personal account regarding the author’s struggle against the Diaz regime. It includes as an introduction a letter to Francisco I. Madero, whom the author terms the caudillo of the Mexican Revolution. Includes text of resignations of Porfirio Díaz and Francisco Madero.
Book describing the start of the Mexican Revolution and its immediate impact on the people and the country, organized into two parts: Primera Parte. Mi campaña revolucionaria en la prensa de oposición, hasta la rendición de Ciudad Juárez [Part 1. My revolutionary campaign in the opposition press, until the surrender of Juarez]; and Segunda Parte. Labor pacificadora y propaganda democrática [Part 2. Peacekeeping work and democratic propaganda].
Postcard image of a side view (from the north) of a Franciscan mission, labeled in the center of the image as "Old Mission, Juarez, Mex. after a Battle." One man on horseback, in the street, and a line of unidentified men standing on the sidewalk are in front the the building, which has visible damage from bullets and canons which resulted from the Battle of Ciudad Juárez (1911). There is a handwritten note on the back sent from "Hess" to Mable Dagley in Lockney, Texas.
Postcard of a group of insurrecto soldiers in the desert outskirts of Juarez, Mexico, posing for a photograph with their rifles. The caption on the postcard identifies the men as sharp shooters in Orozco's ranks, referring to the revolutionary leader Pascual Orozco. The three men in the first row are not armed.
Postcard image of a group of men, men reported to be [Pascual] Orozco's Sharp Shooter, posing for this photograph. Pascual Orozco was a supporter of Francisco I. Madero. The men seen in the image are reported to be somewhere in the desert near the city of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. A group of unidentified mountains, possibly the Sierra de Juarez mountain range, can be seen in the background. Nine men are sitting down on the desert ground and one man is standing next to a horse - right image. There are also a total of 5 saddled horses in this image as well as one dog. Seven of the men who are sitting down are pointing their rifles and posing for the picture. There is no accompanying information to positively identify the identities of the men in the group picture.
The postcard description reads: 'Typical Scene in Mexico. Wounded Soldier'. An unknown man and an unknown woman, resting in front of a standing railroad car, pose for this fortuitous moment in time. The author of this postcard notes that the man is a wounded Mexican [sic] soldier. The woman is grinding maze into flour as evident in this picture. Some already made bread is seen in front and to the side of the metate. The woman is using a traditional Mexican metate (or mealing stone) to process and grind maize to process into flour for either use in bread making or for use in making tortillas. The metate stone rests in front of her knees. Traditional Mexican metate stones were made from volcanic lava rocks. Also visible in this picture is a Dutch over and a tin metal container - both were used to make bread in filed like conditions.
Postcard image of a group of men standing in a row (including a Mexican Army officer, who is smoking) along the left side of the image, behind a gravedigger who is holding a shovel and standing in a partially-dug grave. The caption (lowever-left) reads: "60. Int. de la Ciudadela. Panteón Felicista." [translation: 60. Interior of the Citadel. Felicista Pantheon.] On the right side of the image, there is a pile of dirt along the ground, a covered corpse is visible near the center of the image, and, in the background, an unidentified man wearing a suit is standing in front of an automobile that is facing the opposite direction.
Postcard image of the Pennsylvania National Guard making camp, with the caption: 'National Guard arriving at the Mexican Border'. Several uniformed guardsmen are fixing a supply wagon; other guardsmen are distributing supplies; and one man near the center is holding a pot. The background - tents are visible on both sides of the image; railroad box cars are visible in the distant background; and an unidentified motorcycle is visible on the left side of the image. Correspondence on the back is post-marked July 31, 1916 (El Paso, Texas) addressed to: Miss Elvira Weakland, 1928 + 13 Ave., Altoona, PA. The message reads: 'This is Sunday it is starting to rain I have not recd a letter from you for a long time over eight days Pat'
Postcard with an image of the end of a 16-horse race, titled at the bottom as: "A finish at Juarez, Mex." with the top three winners listed in the lower-left corner: "1st. Cordie, F. 2nd. Hardy 3rd. Singletoe." A note on the back was written from the photographer, Walter H. Horne, to his father in Hallowell, Maine and is postmarked February 27, 1915 at 8:30 a.m in El Paso, Texas.
Angled view of the Carcel Publica in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico located on 16 de Septiembre and Mariscal. Armed men are lined up in front of the prison entrance seemingly for a photo while other onlookers are at rest by the base of the building's turrets. Behind the onlookers, the inscription for the Juzgado de Letras, high court, can be partially seen.
Esquivel Obregón wrote this pamphlet as a means of critiquing the Diaz regime’s collusion with major landholders. Esquivel Obregón was considered a progressive and modern in his approach to government. He discusses how landholders were always able to co-opt the gains of different revolutions by swinging laws back into their favor after a return to normalcy.
This is a thesis submitted as the professional examination for a law degree at the Universidad Autónoma de México (UNAM). López examines the effects of the Mexican progressive land movement in general, agrarian issues, and problems resulting from the revolution's land concerns, and ends with offered solutions to the “problem of the earth.” He completed the exam on May 4th, 1912.
Postcard image of a Punitive Expedition Camp somewhere in Mexico. We are not provided with the exact location of this temporary military camp. In the foreground, right side: a group of men work with lumber. Tents are visible in between the large oak trees in the middle of the image. And, an unknown mountain peak, with high cliff walls, in the distant background. This postcard was addressed to Mrs. Henry Horne, Hallowell, Maine, Box 185. The message reads: 'Camped along side of a stream in Mexico Walter'. The postcard is post marked El Paso, Texas, Nov. 6, 1916.
The postcard caption reads: 'A Temporary Camp in Mexico'. We have no information for the location of this 'temporary camp' in Mexico. Also not known is the name of this National Guard Unit or Regular Army Unit, whichever it may be. These Soldiers however are part of the Punitive Expedition to Mexico. Visible in this photographic event are uniformed soldiers; several adobe buildings; tents; army rifles; and general army equipment scattered about. Most of the men appear to be relaxing. One soldier who is resting on his side, middle right image, appears to be writing on something flat and rectangular that also has a handle.
One leg of the Punitive Expedition route went from Columbus, New Mexico; to Ascension; to Colonia Dublán ; to Namiquipa; to Agua Caliente; and ended in Parral, Chihuahua. And another leg of the Punitive Expedition, a more westerly route, went from Culberson's Ranch, New Mexico; to Casas Grandes; to Madera; to Miñaca; and also ended in Parral, Chihuahua. These two parts or legs of the Punitive Expedition ran geographically along part of the Sierra Madre Mountain Occidental range which is one part of the Sierra Madre Mountain System - all of this in the western part of Chihuahua, Mexico.
Postcard image of many Mexican Insurrecto Rebels posing on a train. The postcard caption reads: Rebel Troop Train. Photographed here are several dozen Mexican rebels or Insurrectos posing for a picture. There is no accompanying information on this postcard that helps to identify the exact location of this event or to whom these rebels were fighting under - their rebel commander. Upon closer inspection of the image, several of the rebels are noted sporting smiles. There are at least four men on the desert ground and two rebels are climbing onto the last livestock car. Visible in this image is the locomotive engine - at the front; four livestock cars - two livestock cars have Rock Island stamps; and one open container car - left side image. Rock Island was begun by the Chicago and Rock Island Railroad in 1852 And on the open container car, and clearly visible, are the letters E. P. & S. W. which stands for El Paso & Southwestern Railroad. E. P. & S. W. was established in 1888.
Postcard image of a large group of unidentified Mexican rebels or insurrectos walking along the open desert, towards the small town partly visible in top right corner of image. Most of the men are carrying rifles and the group is being led by several men on horseback. Handwritten text on back: "4/2/16 El Paso, Texas. Dear Grace, just arrived from Casas Grande, Mexico and on my return".
Postcard of a destroyed building in Juarez, Mexico during the Mexican Revolution, viewed from the street. There are bullet holes on all sides of the exterior, all of the windows have been destroyed, the roof no longer exists, and there is heavy smoke damage around the windows and top. There is a picket fence lining the yard, along a sidewalk and other damaged buildings are visible in the background (right). Handwritten text on the back is dated January 18, 1913 and signed by E. W. Grinnell.
Postcard image of the front facade of the heavily-damaged post office in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. Groups of unidentified people appear to be walking around and observing the damaged building. The women are wearing dresses and some are wearing large hats and one woman at the left side of the image is carrying a parasol; the men are wearing suits and dark-colored hats or sombreros. The back of the postcard reads: January 18-1913 El Paso is across the river Rio Grande River. Their river is about as big as the Chatham Thames [river]. El Paso, Texas Jan 18/1913. I have more of the ruins at Juarez, Mexico. Street cars run to Mexico. We went to the races [horses races] at Juarez yesterday and are going to a Mexican bull fight to-day. It is not safe to go to Juarez at night, a train was held up by the opposition miles from Juarez Thursday Jan 16th 1913. E.W. Grinnell.
Postcard of a group of men and women observing the disarray of personal belongings within a courtyard after the Battle of Juarez. A variety of items, including clothing, blankets, hats, and crates are gathered into one large pile. Horses are in the background, behind the group.
Postcard depicting a group of U.S. soldiers with a flatbed truck. Four solders on the left are moving a soldier lying on a stretcher; two other solders are kneeling in the bed of the truck, which is covered with straw. On the right, two other solders are talking and behind them, and harnessed horses and trees are visible in the background. The butt end of a rifle is visible in a holder next to the driver's side of the truck. The postcard caption at the bottom reads: "Picking up wounded soldiers after the Battle of San Geronimo, Mex. W.H. Horne Co., El Paso, Tex."
Chow time - Punitive Expedition Troops somewhere in Mexico. These soldiers, who are part of General Pershing's Punitive Expedition into Mexico, take time to eat and rest. The soldiers sit in tall grass. Zoom in on this image to see close ups of some of the men eating in this photographic event. See also image titled: [U.S. Troops in Mexico] WH-PC-196-009 - same photograph series. Walter H. Horne, does not leave us with any information about where he or these troops were when this image was captured. We also do not have the name for this army unit. However since this image was captured in Mexico, ca. 1916, the troops were part of Pershing's Punitive Expedition into Mexico. The only information written on the back of the image is: '5th over the river'. According to research, in 1916, the 5th Calvary Regiment was dispatched to the Texas - Mexico border to serve as part of the Pancho Villa Expedition. The "river" in this case is the Rio Grande River.
U.S. Troop in Mexico. Punitive Expedition Troops somewhere in Mexico. Walter H. Horne does not provide us with any specific information about the exact location of these Troops; or to which Unit these Troops are a part of. However since they are in Mexico, these Troops are undoubtedly part of General Pershing's Punitive Expedition in Mexico ca. 1916 - 1917. The unknown group of men are part of the Pennsylvania National Guard. Most of the men look tired and dirty but a few men have managed to smile for the camera. There are several horses in the background as well as at least 3 supply wagons. Back of the postcard in parenthesis: "5th over the river", according to research, in 1916, the 5th Calvary Regiment was dispatched to the Texas - Mexico border to serve as part of the Pancho Villa Expedition. The "river" in this case is the Rio Grande River. This postcard is addressed to: Miss Elvira Weakland, 1928 - 13 Ave., Altoona, PA. It reads: 'My O My isn't [sic] it warm if i only had some ice put some in your next letter.', Pat. The postcard is post marked El Paso, Texas, August 1, 1916. A 1915 US 1 Cent George Washington Off Center Stamp was used to mail the postcard. See also: WH-PC-196-022 [U.S. Troop Camp in Mexico]. See also: [Pennsylvania National Guard Arriving at the Border] WH-PC-194-006.
Postcard of an unknown store looted by bandits. The caption on the postcard reads: "After the mutiny. Looted by Bandits, Juarez, Mex. 1200." Barely visible about 1 inch from the bottom of the postcard, from left to right, the following message is written: Interior of store after the mutiny. A mutiny by Mexican Federal soldiers was recorded on 30 September 1922 -Hanford Sentinel, Volume 71, Number 67, 30 September 1922. We have no historical information for the '1200' number within the caption.
Account describing the battle at Carrizal on June 21, 1916 between Mexican and U.S. forces, as well as the situation that led to it. It includes transcriptions of statements or letters written by people involved.
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