The Austin Statesman. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 18, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 7, 1889 Page: 4 of 8
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Justin Sfehlg Statesman Shursiran lobtmbtr 7 1SS9.
f :
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SSIcchln Statesman.
AUSTIN TEXAS.
Entered aa second-class matter t tttice of
publication 122 West bixtb street.
nOW OTHERS ARK HELPING TIIK
HOME.
The railroad and traveling men of
Texas who are banded together in an
association in aid of the Confederate
Home held their regular weekly meet
ing last Sunday in Dallas. At the
meeting the widest range of discussion
was had indicating how general was
the work the association was doing for
the Home and how generously its
members were devoting not only
their tinv but their money to the
cause. They propose there shall be no
expenses except of the most incon
siderable kind connected with their
collection of these funds. The associa-
tion is a permanent affair bent upon
' firmly establishing the Home with a
eood endowment. One st of resolu
tions they adopted show what
outsiders are doing for the
Home and they are reproduced
. with the full weight such editorial
advertisements may give. They read :
Whereas the Thompson Comic Opera
company of New York very gener-
ously gave two benefits to the ex-Confederate
Aid association ; and
Whereas we feel that we e in safely
commend the Thompson Opera com-
pany to tho theatergoing people of
Texas as a company of lirst-class
artists; therefore bo it
ltcsolveil That we hereby extend to
Mr. Thompson and each and every
member of bis excellent company tho
thanks of this association for their gen-
erous effort in behalf of the inmates of
the Confederate Home and would be-
speak for them a liberal patronage in
their tour through the state.
This opera troupe will shortly visit
Austin and our people should by their
attendance show how Austin can ap-
preciate such generous action. While
strangers are thus doing so much for
tbe maimed and poverty-worn heroes
of the state what should we who
boast the name of Texans not be will-
ing to do and if need be sacrifice and
suffer in the cause?
CONORKS8IONAL PROBABILITIES.
The New York Tribune some time
ago addressed an inquiry to ltepub
lican members of the next house ask-
ing if they were or were not in favor
of the president and congress assum-
ing entire chargo of Federal elections
in place of the states which now ru
them. Oui'of nearly ono hundred re-
plies all but four and a few non-committal
were in the affirmative. In
other words tho great body of the
dominant party as represented in
congress favors this dangerous and un-
necessary step in tho direction of con-
solidationone of tho most pro
nounced schemes of increasing the
power of the central government that
have been undertaken since tbe wur
of 1861. Will it be accomplished?
Trobably not just et until tho de-
bauchery of tho ballot and popubir
corruption can be carried to still
greater longths than now. As regards
the approaching congress it seems
likely that the Bmallness of the lie
publican majority in both houses the
oppotiti"ii of some of tho Kepublicun
members as notably Blaine and their
non-possession of the two-thirds ma-
jority will be tho only thing that will
shield the south from tbe dangers of
this and other dangerous legislation
The Democrats will be strictly on
the defensive and though a minority
it will bo a minority sufficiently pow-
erful to defeat a movement like that
of the Federal government assuming
or rather usurping absolute control of
congressional elections a movement
that bodes as little good to tho north-
ern masses as to the white people of
the south against which latter it is
especially directed. It is some indi-
cation of better things to see that at
least a few of the Republican members
of tho house as shown by the replies
to the Tribune are opposed to such
reckless and dangerous legislation.
THE CHEROKEE STRIP.
The message or Chief Mayes deliver-
ed to the Cherokee council yesterday
at Tahlequah is nothing but what is
fair and just so far as relates to the
gale of the outlet to the government
of the United States which the
commissioners of Uncle Sam
have for several months been
attempting to accomplish. Mayes
has all along been opiosed to
parting with these lands which he
holds is expressly forbidden by the
Cherokee constitution. He is never-
theless willing to refer the whole mat-
ter to the Cherokee people which he
says he will do by authority of the
council. The chief throwson that body
the responsibility of taking the initial
step towards the sale of the strip.
Mayes states the truth in his mes-
sage when he says that when the dif-
ferent tribes were moved into this
magnificent territory it was the ex-
press understanding with the Federal
government that they were not to be
disturbed in the possession of these
lands and ought not now to be forced
to sell them. He is right. The gov-
ernment should keep its faith with
these Indians and neither swindle
them out of their lands nor allow it to
be done. But in this instance it does
look like the white man was deter-
mined to override the Cherokee con-
stitution and tbe treaties with the In-
dians which should be held sacred and
inviolable in order to grab vast reachos
of country now becoming valuable
made so by the railroads now crossing
the territory.
IF CONGRESS SHOULD NOT FA V OR
Colonel James B. Simpson of Dallas
is reported to heartily agree with ex-
Galveston Major Ernst to the effect
that congress will never stop tho drib-
let harbor appropriation system it has
long pursued and vote a bulk sum for
any ono point on our coast. He draws
this conclusion from the expected com-
bination of present established ports
and of all the railroad systems of the
cotintry in opposition to any such com-
petition as our port would prove. Ho
concludes if Texas is to have a port
sho must dig it herself and he advo
cates a constitutional amendment
permitting tho issuance of twenty
million dollars of bonds for the con
struction of two ports one at Galves
ton the other at Aransas Fass. lie
figures that tho harbor dues would
pay interest and sinking fund on loan.
Much against our will we fear he may
be correct in his estimate of tbe
power of the combined capital
and influence of the vast
monev powers owning the railroad
systems of the county and the great
interests at central ports. But if he
is right about it Texas is only forced
back uron what sho can with ease
accomplish and what in furthering her
true welfare she must perform found
her own ports. They would at once
prove paying investments. The only
questions would be the method of
raising tho money and tho determi
nation of the sites of the ports.
Dallas has spoken for Galveston and
Aransas Pass the rest of the state
might not agree.
An old Confederate Home veteran
who styles himself "on furlough" for
the past six months and to whom
The Statesman goes gratuitously
writes us: "I have sent to Tennes-
see Mississippi ucorgia anu iven-
tucky over one hundred copies of Tun
Statesman and have received twenty-
three letters in regard to Austin and
tho state. I did it so those people
could sco tho advantages of the Lone
fitar Ktuto as compared with the old
red hills of the older states." That
man should not be an old decrepit
soldier stranded by life's ebb tide.
He has in him the spirit of true nine-
teenth century vim and enterprise.
How many of tho younger people of
this city and state does this' example
put to blush? Texas and every
county and city in it wants people;
the inducements for immigration are
here and we should not bo slow to
let the world know about them.
It is a pity pity a veritable pity
tho San Antonio fair had to open
under such unpleasant conditions of
weather. But there must be a sun
behind this cloud of ill omen. If per-
severing merit could woo the god of
storms to smiles then should he beam
on the fair association with a radiance
of joy outshining the brilliancy of the
lightning's flash. He cannot prove
obdurate. All Texas pleads with him
in San Antonio's behalf and he must
yield. ess to the fair.
The Nagle case has been advanced
on tho docket of the supreme court of
the United States and will soon be
reached. In that decision are involved
questions of state rights and Federal
jurisdiction of more profound import
than has been imagined by those who
have considered the killing of Judge
Terry in its criminal aspects merely.
It seems to have been a victory for
the Democrats all along tho line. At
a late hour last night Virginia was
safe New Jersey triumphant and .New
York gallantly alliged while the Re-
publicans of Ohio were in consterna-
tion. The administration at Wash-
ington yesterday picked up no crumbs
of comfort.
Business will pause today while the
circus stops and rolls by. Old men
are simply mature boys and the circus
has charms for all.
. - j-
Don't let neuralgia and rheumatism
get rooted in the system but kill them
with Salvation Oil.
Hot drinks should be avoided in
cold weather. They have a tendency
to weaken tho lungs and throat. Take
Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup for coughs.
PEOF. COOPER
DELIVERS AN A RLE SPEECH AT THE
AGRICULTURAL AND MECHAN-
ICAL COLLEGE.
His Subject "The Public School and the
State" Admirably Treated.
Last night at Bryan Superintendent of
Public Instruction Professor O. II. Cooper
on the occasion of the opening of the Agri-
cultural and Mechanical college's new as-
sembly hall delivered the following most
exhaustive and able historical and analyt-
ical sketch of the public school system of
the United States and of Texas:
"The progress of popular education and
the i)Mgre8 of democracy huve been insep-
arable. "The movements toward democ-
racy which hare mastered all the other
political tendencies of our own day are not
outer man i uc ruiuuie ui i" cemury;
and that is iust the aKe of the now ascend
ant movement toward systematic popular
education." These pregnant tnouglita ot
Woodson Wilson in the November Atlantic
indicate the vital connection between the
general diffusion of enlightenment among
the people and tne siaumiy nay tue pos-
sibility of free institutions. The public
school is ut present one ot the essential
conditions of cenerul enlightenment.
Printing steum and electricity are the
mighty allies. The public school and the
press aided by the iacility of intercommu-
nication afforded by the mastery through
science of time and space are the vital
torces whirl) have iiuulc public opinion well
nigh omnipotent in America. The public
school is an American institution. Only
within twenty years have the common
schools of Germany and France been made
free that is supported exclusively by tax
ation.
We derive much valuable knowledge
concerning the content aiYl method of in
struction from the old world but the devel-
opment of the administration of our system
must come from within not without. The
public school is one of the products of the
spirit of Christianity working among a peo-
ple who ure dominated by a love of free-
dom an instinct for progress and faith in
its capacity for "seeing clear and thinking
straight." It is not perfect or complete
but it is steadily growing in excellence and
power.
The public school is no exotic in the
United States or in our own state. It is
indigenous to the whole country. The germ
belongs to the whole country though it has
developed more rapidly in some sections
than in others. It is an institution of the
free and sovereign state. Institutions are
deeper and more abiding than constitu-
tions. Constitutions if permanent and
valuable must rest on institutions. Insti-
tutions originate in organic social needs
and generally precede rather than follow
laws. In time spontaneous usage and leg-
islation mingle with each other and inter-
act each modifying the other. Such has
been the history of the public school devel-
opment. In the colonial period schools were chiefly
enterprises for private gain aided in some
instances by charity either public or pri-
vate. The colonists simply transplanted to
their new homes the usages and traditions
of tho lands from which they came. But
the necessity for ampler provisions early
became manifest and before the adoption
of the Federal constitution in 17X9 five of
te original thirteen states had recognized
the duty of the state to foster education
and had planted the principle forever in
their state constitutions. These slates were
New Hampshire Massachusetts Pennsyl-
vania North Carolina and (Jeorgia. All of
the original states had recognized the prin-
ciple in legislation and all not only of
these but of those which have subsequent-
ly been added have implanted in their or-
ganic law the duty of the state to provide
lor public education. The first step from
the private to the public school idea was
made when the state began to make provi-
sion for the indigent leaving to all others
the duty of providing forthcirownchildren.
This plan was current throughout the
country with insignificant exceptions dur-
ing the earlier years of our history. It)-
gradual abandonment indicutes the growth
of the sense of the supreme importance of
education to the general welfare with the
recognition of the doctrines of equality and
fraternity. The schools for the indigent
were known as "pauper schools" create.l
class feeling and were felt to be repugnant
to the progress of tho American democracy.
They lingered longest in our fair and noble
southland partly because the importance
of common school education was under-
estimated and partly because our "peculiar
institution" slavery fostered and per-
petuated extreme individualism. During
the iirst quarter of the present century the
movement began which resulted in the
present development of the doctrine of the
duty of the state to "provide at the com
mon expense for the complete elementary
instruction of all classes iust as it provides
fur the protection of all." The beginning
ol concerted action was nitde by the organ-
ization of the "Public School society" in
New York in 1H17. It was carried forward
by the genius and enthusiasm of a few men
at first even in New England.
Edward Gallaudet whose noble work for
the education of deaf mutes has made his
name immortal and Horace Mann who
lecturing in city village and hamlet
earned a place in the pantheon of our
greatest bencl'ectors committed New Eng-
land torever to the doctrine that "the prop-
erty of the state should educate the chil-
dren of the state." Many of the states
however lingered for nearly half a century
on the way giving "partial support to all
leaving to each some additional expense
either much or little to bear." Thus grad-
ually was the transition made from the pri-
vate school in which all expense was borne
by the parent to the public free school in
which the expense was borne by the state
or some municipal" sub-division of the
state. The theory of public education was
clearly understood and accepted long be-
fore the practice conformed to it. Thus i.
iiiutr.ipl the truth that institutions are
the resultant of dissimilar or conflicting
tendencies. The contest still continues
when public spirit is at a low ebb and the
necessity of an education in such a gov
ernment as OUrS IS IlUl lUUJ uuuciaimw
ti.o f-nntlii't.i. thonirh important and
vital in certain limited areas aro insignifi
cant when viewed with reference to the
whole country and disappear with the
rr.u tl nf iioimlur intelligence.
Somewhat less rapidly than the growth
of the doctrine of govermental support ol
education has been tnat oi me couscums-
iipss of tbe necessity of thorough gover
mental supervision but this too is now
universally understood in a more or less
Him tt-nv anil it will ETOW Clearer 8S We
TU .Wnlnnmpnt. of IMlhlifi 8cll00ls ill
t.. iitv..r. u1mcwliHt from the ceneral
history of the movement in the United
States" The necessity of public education
i... .ir KiVn more clearly recognized
.!. it ML-a ilurinir the years when Ibe
i.-i.s:iTns were wresting this noble
i... i fr.im ilnminion of Mexico. One ot
.i ...-. I. nf their determination to
L.a.b till tiud Willi h hoiuui them to that ill
menu - . " " - . i
(-.i imti.ui 'M the tailure to provule a
nvstem of public education. They hold it
i. i. n.. avium in political science that civil
liberty and self-government could not sur-
- .....lno n-i.ro milflf tfl H1U1I1-
vive unless iinivwi""" ..v. v.
.vriiiiitr nnmilar intelligence.
lain (! r i i . 1
Thev planted in their constitution the
.i :r.'.i... tl.oliiirhpot legislative authori-
iiuiuiiicinii"-"p- r.. i r
tv in the state should establish a sjstem ot
puDiic eaucaiioii. iutaii -
thus consecrated at its birth to education
and freedom. During tho period of the
republic ihe foundations of our splendid
both els-
system of
llfittt II T O till tllirt. n.nm ) .. i t k n
public schools was devised and but for the
troublous timeslhat followed and the blight
of slavery I doubt not that Texas would
long since have developed a system of pub-
lie instruction as complete as can be I
e found
on this continent For the constitution of
1H45 contained provisions for public schools
far in advance of most of the state consti-
tutions of that period. It made it the im
perative amy ot the legislature to provide
for public schools by taxation and that the
legislature might not avoid the resnonsi-
bility set apart a fixed proportion of the
general revenue as the minimum which the
legislature might appropriate. The senti
mcnt of that eminent and able body of
statesmen and Datr.ots on the spirit aim
principle of public education is revealed
by the debates on this article of the consti
tution tor when one member of the con
vention proposed to limit the blessings of
me puouc scnoois to "those who were un-
able to give their children the rudiments of
an English education" he was overwhelm
ed oy the voice and vote of Hemphill
V heeler. Rusk. Henderson and a host of
others scarcely less illustrious and the
pi mi-line was esiuuiisuuii 111 wie nrsi con-
stitution of our beloved state that public
education is not a charity to be doled out
io me poor oy me state out a aeut wmcti
the present owes to future generations
necessary for the defense and protection of
sociery anu iree government.
But the legislation of the period between
1H45 and 1840 fell far below the high stand-
ard set by the constitution of 1845. The
system inaugurated by the act ol 1854 if
system it may be called was Jjased on the
liica which was- discarded with so much
emphasis by the convention that aid
should be given only to those whose pa
rents or guardians were unable to provide
with elementary instruction. The causes
which rendered the constitutional-provision
practically imperative during this pe
riod need not be discussed nut doubtless
they resulted mainly from the sparseness
of population the isolation of the planter's
wu me iioiiou inai wnuicvcr was goou in
education must come from abroad and
the zealous promotion of education by the
various religions denominations. The war
of secession strengthened the sentiment of
public education throughout the south.
union ot ellort and sympathy in priva
tion sullcring and in common endeavor
developed the sentiments of equality and
fraternity and destroyed the extreme indi
vidualism which in tbe past had prevented
the development of the systematic popular
education rue levelling eitect oi general
poverty made men more willing to unite
for the common good. Accordingly the
constitutional convention of WHi. one of
the most representative bodies of men ever
assembled in this state; a convention in
which the leading spirits were such men as
Throckmorton Roberts and Hancock.made
ample provisions for the exteiihion pf the
system oi public education.
Tho constitution of 1845 required that
public schools should be supported by tax
ation. The constitution ot lsliO retained
this provision but broadened immeasurably
the basis by consecrating to public educa-
tion one-half ot the imperial domain of this
ite. It created the office of superin
tendent of public instruction and established
the board of education to which the largest
discretionary powers were given subject
only to legislative regulation. The story of
this brilliant but short-lived attempt of the
people of Texas to re-establish for them
selves the organic basis of government is
too well known to require narration here.
in lbu another constitution was lormea.
Under this the safe and stable foundation
of a system of public instruction which the
people had begun was radically changed
and a system of administration inaugurated
winch excellent as someoi its leatures were
was not in accord with the genius of pur
people.
Sucti cursory study as I have been able to
give to this system leads me to the con
clusion that it was modelled after the
European svstcnis of absolute authority
rather than after the best examples of the
American public scnooi system which is
unique in its character and one of tho pe
culiar products of American democracy.
Hence under tins system nine progress
was made in developing the public school
as an ornanir institution. When the
change came and the majority of tho peo-
ie resumed power the peiuiuium which
lad been drawn toe far towards arbitrary
organization swung too far in tho opposite
direction mid if the public school had not
been an institution oi ine people u mini
have been permanently impaired. This vital
institution of a free people is now recover-
ing from both disastrous experiments and
will continue to grow and develop steadily
with the progress and development of our
lair state.
Havine thus briefly outlined the history
of tho development of public edu-ation in
our state and nation let us examine more
closely the legal status of the public school.
in me uiscusaiun oi mis uiiiuiuuu nm'jvvi
1 shall endeavor to sum up the general re
sults of the development of the public
school from the legal standpoint as a gov-
ermental institution and as such con-
ditioned by the "support the restraint the
regulation and direction of the law of the
land."
THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.
There is no mention of public education
in the constitution of the United States
nor has the general governmenteverunder-
taken in any way to control the public
schools. This fact must not be attributed
to any indifference on the part ol the illus-
trious men who framed that immortal in-
strument to the importance of general en-
lightenment in a free government. Hardly
one of the greut statesmen of that period
failed to give some notable expression ol
lus protounu conviction oi uiiiicure mi-
education. We must conclude
that while theyjrecognized its importance
they concurred in believing that the Federal
constitution was not the place to provide
for it. The support and diiection of public
education have thus been left by the con
stitution among the '.'powers not aeiegatea
to the general government but reserved to
me siaics aim iu mc
Such decisions of tlie Federal courts as
mioin in nnw wav to the public schools are
decisions construing the fourteenth amend
ment to the constitution inese aecisions
support tho right of the states to provide
separate schools for white and colored chil-
dren and require that equal facilities shall
be provided for both. These decisions in
no way concern the general governmental
duty of the state and the people. This duty
; iiiiKoililril in the oreanic law of every
state in the Union but the manner of per-
forming is shown by the statutes relating to
the public schools and the decisions of the
courts and school officers by which they
have been interpreted. No two of the state
airutmiia Are rtrcc iselv alike vet there are
certain great common principles running
ihrmifh them all which as generally ac
cepted constitute the outlines of the legal
status of the public schools in the United
a tiip.xp stntes have inherited a com
mon jurisprudence and t hey have extended
it along similar lins. School laws of the
newer states Have been largely cornea irom
those of the older the decisions oi me nign
est courts in one state have served as prece-
.ii0 in nilier mutes and thus has grown
up a system of legal school jurisprudence
which has a separate character and auto-
nomy of its own.
The responsibility for support and direc-
tion nf the schools rests on the state. A hat-
o.n n.nv hp the amount of local option
granted in the administration of the schools
ft must never be forgotten that such local
m.tion derives its legal validity from the
fact that the state delegates its powi r to
whatever extent it deems it wise and proper
to do so. If the state no far delegates its
power to separate localities as not to en-
force the establishment of reasonably good
schools wherever they are needed it is false
to the principle on which public education
is based and is guiliv of self stultification.
But in so far as it may safely do so the
state leaves and should leave certain mat-
ters to the qualified electors or the officers
agrarian endowments of eduration
chosen by them thus educating the people
"i the arfof self-government and ordinarily
producing the schools best suited to the
nA hicaiity. The delegated
power is linnu d to what experience show
may ue "awy gramcu uuoui i.uf.-....i..K
lc 6 "c'i' p'iii vi iiiuiiiiHiuiug c t"'1
school free and accessible to all. Thus it
will be seeu that public schools
are neither national nor local insti-
tutions. They are state insti-
tutions deriving their authority and sup-
' )WTt Jrom he laws of the sta e. Under the
i luw persons in charge of the schools have
the authority to all things which are neces
sary to the general purpose ot tho system
Some of the powers and duties are provis
ion of building and supplies the licensing
and employing ot teachers the time ot ses-
sions fixing the course of instruction and
classification of pupils.
The individual parent has no legal right
to impose his individual whims on the
school. Under the law the school authori-
ties should show proper deference
to the wishes and views of parents but the
determination of the classification and
studies of the pupil who is placed by' the
parent in th school belongs to the school
and not to the parent. If the parent is not
satisfied and the teacher falls in error the
way is open to the highest educational au-
thority lor the correction of the error. The
parent has no more riirht to interfere with
a school than a citizen has to interfere with
a court of justice. If regulations are un-
reiLsollalilM thev nmv Im nt.tilelreil mill
abrogated at the piopor tinie and place; if
the law isdefective it may be changed by
legislation as other changes are made
under our svsleiu of government. But
until such changes are made the law must
be observed and the regulations must be
observed by all persons seeking its advan-
tages or coming in contact with it.
On ihe other hand- the school system
has responsibility commensurate with its
authority. It is bound to provide suitable
buildings that is buildings which protect
t ne ciiiiiiren in point ol lieultnand comlort.
I his important leature of the legal status
of the schools has not vet been fully ac
eepted in Texas and it is at this point that
our system is at present weakest. The nub
ile cannot aseiiuie the care of the children
and avoid the responsibility of so housing
them us to protect them from bodily harm.
Discipline must be maintained and phys
ical ion e may be employed wnen necessary
but punishment cannot be excessive or
brutal or it becomes an offense which may
be avenged both by civil and criminal law.
School officers are subiect to the same
general rules which apply to all official con-
duct. This responsibility is not generally
understood. Theleiral liability of the school
system its officers und teachers is much
greater than is commonly supposed and it
win increase as uie system ucveiops.
The public schools stand in the same rela
tion to every citizen and to all the public.
As the public highway is open to every cit-
izen so the public school is open to every
child on the road to knowledge. "Equality
of obligation to maintenance and equality
of right in the employment" is the legend
which the law would write across the trout
of every public school house. The road to
learning is the common property of a people
dinering widely in intelligence in traditions
in opinions in morals in means in creeds
differing even in the power to improve their
conditions and the power to influence cir-
cumstances about them
But no matter what one's rank orstation.
no matter whether the president of a rail
way or the man who watches the track no
matter with what church he worships or
whether he worships at all; no matter
whether a Democrat or a Repub-
lican or a Prohibitionist or Green-
backer or a labor agitator or a mug-
wump his legal obligations and his legal
rights arc as tixed and inviolablo in the
schools as upon the public highway. In
each case he must help make the road for
all. In each case he must put nothing in
it which will prevent or interfere with an-.
other's use. In each case lie must use it
in a way consistent with like use by all
the rest."
Hence the public school must be strictly
non-sectarian. No act of any public nchool
officer or teacher can abridge in any de-
gree the perfect religious freedom which in-
neres in our institutions in our public
schools the rights of the Protestant the
Catholic the Jew and the Agnostic arc the
same. The theologians tell us that all
sound moral development must be based
on religious training. We need not dis
pute the proposition but we shall insist
that the public school is not the place to
give religious training. Ihe school is only
one of the fundamental institutions on
which five government rests. The family
the church civil society the siate and the
school have eirch their proper function
and responsibility in education and should
nil work in harmony in the development ol
the individual and the citizen. Effective
eligious instruction belongs to the family
and the church. Well ordered public
schools powerfully reinforce the work of
the family and the church 'in promoting
moral development.. 1 his is of tremendous
importance lor moral development is. an
essential element in training humanity 'for
good citizenship.
Ihe schools promote moral development
in promoting intellectual growth und 'hey
advance it directly by commending regular-
ity punctuality cleanliness continuous in-
dustry obedience respect for the rights of
other.- and generosity and courtesy toward
associates (iood schools inspire pupus
with a love of truth and justice exalt their
ambition and courage and teach them by
daily examples thai merit is honored for its
own sake l lie wen ordered public scnooi
is one of the most beneficent forces of Chris-
tian civilization. It does not usurp the
place of other fundamental institutions but
it serves either as a crown or a base for all
the rest.
'The riches of the commonwealth
Are free free strong minds and hearts of
health;
And more to her than gold or grain
The cunning hand and cultured Drain.
Nor heeds the skeptic's puny hands
While near her school the church spire
stands:
Nor fears the blinded bigot's rule
While near her church spire stands tne
school."
Permit me now to briefly review what I
have been saying to you tonight. The pub-
lic school has been developed in the United
States from the private school and has be-
come one of the institutions on which all
our state constitutions are based. In Texas
the theory of public education antedates
the state itself and has been an essential
part of all our constitutions. Our system
lias recovered from the disastrous effects of
the extremes of excessive central authority
and excessive local option and is progress
ing steadily with the growth ana progress
of the state. The public school system is a
vital institution of a liberty loving and pro-
gressive people. It has ample authority to
do its work the preservation of the state
through good and intelligent citizensmp.
It has its responsibility commensurate
with its authority.
It has its own peculiar scope and
functions and cannot usurp those of other
fundamental institutions. It is the most
democratic of all our institutions for it is
based on tho fundamental doctrine of
"equal rights for all and special privileges
for none." It is unssctariuii but its work
harmonizes with all the agencies that tend
to the promotion of "pure and undefiled
religion." In this great republic we have
Jio.ixhi public schools and 10.uoo.000 pupils
maintained at a cost of $125000000 and
owning' f200.000.000 worth ot school
property. In Texus we have 8000 of these
schools and 400000 of these children and
we have an endowment for public educa-
tion worth $100000000. Well may the New
York World say:
"The work of the public schools is by
all odds more vital und more far-reaching
in its influence than any other of af kind
Upon its well or ill doing depends the
future character of American ciueship
und the destiny of the republic."
AT AMAKILLO.
THE CODNTY JUDGE AND 8HERIFFS
AT LOGGEk'iIEADS -WHICH 18
THE "SURE ESOUGH"
SHERIFF?
Advise Asked ou a Legal Polut Sprang by
aa Officer of the Frontier
Battalion.
The mail for the adjutant general's
oflico yesterday was noticed to be par-
ticularly heavy and among the
weighty letters was the following let-
ter which is deemed of sufficient inter-
est to print in full and will doubtless
serve as an interesting morsel from a
legal standpoint for the digestion of
our able attorneys :
Amarillo Tex. November 2 1SS9.
Adjutant General King Austin Tex.:
Dear Sir The county judge and the
commissioners have declared the office
of sheriff of this county vacant on ac-
count of the sheriff not being able
to make a good and sufficient bonify
and they have appointed anotjanj.
man who has made a good bond tur.
they required the old sheriff toce ol
everything pertaining to the olllb the
sheriff and tax collector over jn says
new sheriff. Now Sheriff Gobeo right
the commissioners' court has n made
to accept the bond which heyig or
and refuses to turn over anythiiounty
to give up the office. The cW)ben
judge asks me to disarm Sheriff Gises-
and lus deputies and to take poAjirt '
sion of tho keys to the jail. The cojj to
gave the sheriff forty dat"8 in whicKiw
make his bond and he has failed ; nie
the doubt with me is this has tal
commissioners' court a lejid
right to do anything besides suspect
an officer. Does not the distri.
judge have to make this order for liii
removal. Would like to have vou tell
me what action to take in regard to V
this matter as the captain is not here y
and don't know just where to find him )
at present. Am very respecuuuy
yours. J. M. Buitton
In charge detachment Cr. a. r. a.
In the absence of General Kintr. tlie
officials do not like to advise Mr. Bri
ton on account of the liability thftt
may attach bv reason of ibeying n
insufficient order. In all probability
the letter will be submitted to Attor
ney General Hogg for opinion on the
matter. ) .
'-$
If you have never used Carter's Lit
tle Liver Pills go at once to the near
est drug store and get a trial. 1 hey J
will surely please you. Don't f ore I
this. I
Mr. M. That had he sure. Hfe was
deaf and dumb. Pick Me Up. t
DR. SCHENCK'S
Pulmonic Syrup
Is the oldest and best established medicipe
for 'direct treatment of Consumption t
and all affections of lungs
It ripens and loosens the tubercles
iRids the Lungs of purulent maUer
Cleans and heals the sore spots
Makes new blood and helps circulation
Prevents other deposits of tubercles
Helps the return of flesh and spirit
Cures where other remedies fail.
Do not fail to send for Dr. Schenck's new
and admirable treatise on the Lungs the
Liver and the btomach with their diseases
and cure. It abounds in excellent informa-
tion and will give you ideas about these
vital organs and the laws of health you
never had before. Sent free.
DR. SCHENCK'S MEDICINES:
PURELY VEGETABLE.
PULMONIC SYRUP
. SEAWEED TONIC AND
MANDRAKE PILLS
are for sale by all Druggists. Full printed
directions with each package. Address all
communications to Dr. J. H. Schenck & Son
Philadelphia Pa.
A WORO
tc the wire Is said to be sufficient II this It j II
it unnecessary to go Into an extended laudation 0'j
tho many virtues of PE-RU-NA the great Tonic and
ht. wonderful remedy In so many diseases. All that
n Is necessary to say
TO THE
Intelligent reader It to get a copy ol Dr. Hartman's
" ills o Lite" and read what It to be found therein
concerning the wonderful work PE-RU-NA Is accom-
pltrHIng In the cure of tuch diseases at Typhoid Fever
Dysentery Brlght't Disease Diabetes Biliousness
Asthma Pneumonia and Consumption. The
WISE
Man It he who profits by the experience of others a al
well at hit own. The " Ills of Life " Is full ot nluabllh
experiences concerning the good work done by Pf
RU-NA. Send to the Peruna Medicine Co Columbut
0r.o tit It It will cost you nothing and will
ou much time much trouble and much money. i t
Thin popular remedy never fall
effectually cure
Dyspepsia Constipation S
Headache Biliousness
And all diseases arising' froi
Torpid Liver and Bad Digest
The natnral reanlt Jugooasppt
and solid fleHh. Dixie small eiejr
ly Hilar coated and easy to swallon
SOLD EVERYWHERE.
5 (
1-
1
i
frsa- I
ed. U
'fclne ' V
.food ' I
(the J
s it
a " ii
m
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The Austin Statesman. (Austin, Tex.), Vol. 18, No. 48, Ed. 1 Thursday, November 7, 1889, newspaper, November 7, 1889; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth278190/m1/4/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .