Proceedings of the Senate and Documents Relative to Texas, from which the Injunction of Secrecy Has Been Removed Page: 61 of 119
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61 [ 341-
In the valleys irrigated by rivers, cotton and corn can be raised; but this
immense country is, for the most part, a dry mountainous desert. It is,
however, rich in mines-such as Parral, Batopolis, and Cosiquiracha.
Other mines, said to be rich, have lately been opened in the mountainous
tract called the Bolson de Malpini, bordering on the State of Coahuila.
The Camanches still hold a large portion of this country, and keep its
inhabitants in dread of their incursions.
' COAHUILA.
This is the next frontier State, going south. Area, in square miles, Population,
40,000.
Chief towns.
Coahuila, or Monclova, (the capital;) population, 3,600. Saltillo, (once
the capital;) population, 12,000. Santa Rosa; population, 4,000. It lies
in the plains of Chihuahua.
The southern districts have a level surface, interrupted by a few hills of
moderate elevation; the soil is arid, and vegetation scanty.
The northern districts, surrounding the Sabinas, an affluent of the Rio
del Norte, have a hilly and broken surface.
The ranges rlun off nearly parallel to the Rio del Norte, connecting the
Bolson de Malpini with the mountains north of Monterey.
"There are sonie silver mines near Santa Rosa."
~TAMAULIPAS.
This is the last frontier State of Texas on the south. Area, 40,000 square
miles. Population, 60,000.
Chief towns.
Population.
Matamoras - --15,000
Nueva Santander - - - - 3,000
The only carriage road from which the interior can be reached from the
Gulf coast of this province is through Saltillo, in the province of Coahuila.
For a description of the country south of the forty-second parallel of north
latitude, as far as Bent's Fort, and embraced within the limits of Texas, I
quote the substance of Mr. Farnham's observations.
'The first half of the distance is among a series of charming valleys,.
stocked with an endless number of deer and elk, which in the summer live
upon the nutritious wild grass of the vales, and in winter upon the buds
and twigs and bark of trees."
The last hundred miles " is among perpendicular cliffs, rising on both
sides of the Arkansas, hundreds and sometimes thousands of feet in
height; and the river (the Arkansas) is compressed; amongst precipitous
rocks."
* Folsom's Mexico.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Proceedings of the Senate and Documents Relative to Texas, from which the Injunction of Secrecy Has Been Removed, book, 1844; [Washington]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth2363/m1/61/: accessed April 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .