The Daily Democrat. (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 98, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 8, 1883 Page: 4 of 4
four pages : ill. ; page 22 x 16 in. Digitized from 35 mm. microfilm.View a full description of this newspaper.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
■sr
■tyk • • r
,«►
«3
£
3 •..<
$% I
I
MURPHY & =
DAMMANN,
DAJLY DEMOCRAT.
aftkrxoox simhiox.
At 8:40 the convention was again
calltfil to order and the president an-
Untered nt the pnsUfttce at Foi( Worth, fnotttice«rthat the election of new ineiu-
TeXHfc. us gecenil-claM mall matter. h**1*8 WttS * or"®r_*
THURSDAY, MARCH 8. 1883.
No. 62 Houston Street,
Fort Worth, - • - Texas.
"i
v
i.ann
'or'
*%
-;o>-
H
•MBUU IK—
FINE-
BOOTS, SHOES,
HATS, CAPS
-AND —
•GENTLEMEN'S.
•]
col-
our Goods aro Good as tho Best
Our Prices art Low as the Lowest.
LA
Gall and See Us
TBS COW-MEN.
CPerle, A
oung. George J'erle, J
If M Taylor. J D Heed, E
11 Palmer, J T Young. George
II Davie, Charles Cannon, 11II Phillips,
B 1) Garner. A It Moore and W .1 Veal
made appllcntlou and were elected
members.
Isaac Cloud moved that the names
and number of cattle credited to each
member be read off.
Col. Brltton and several other gentle-
men protested against the passage of the
resolution, und it was amended so that
a committee was appointed to examine
the books.
Inquiry was made by Mr. Hughes as
to whether the committee would make
tho report public, and said he hoped not
as gentlemen did not care to make their
assets public.
The chair appointed Messrs. Isaac
Cloud, C. C. Hughes. J. .T. Hlttson, M.
O. Lynn and Mr. Burnett as a committee
to examine tlie books.
The election of pfficers being the first
business on hand to-day. the members
of the association were on hand early,
and did some impromptu caucusslng In
the lobbies. The members had mostly
shaken themselves out of their overcoats
anif were 1r ft more presentable
condition. Th* fact must be stated, no
matter how much the Democrat would
like to be complimentary, that the cow
men have not much taste in the selec-
tion or top coots. Slade wan still under
that terrible hat, but his neck waR hand-
somely encased in the uunningest
kind Of a spotleis white collar. It
was } ileo observable that the
ugUelt men In the body were wading
th Gazette. Whether they wished f<>
hide their faces with the paper, or were
regardless of their reputation, can only
be surinlsed. „ , t v
The eonventlon was called to order by
President Carter at twenty minutes to
eleven. lie instructed the members tooc-
cupy front seats and admonished those
who had not yet paid their dues to
March to the captains desk.
The president declared the next busl-
ines in order the election of new mem-
bers. -C ., ,
Purlng an Interval Capt. Paddock, oi
the Stock .Journul company, announced
a number of letters or members, and
THE -GRAND EXCURSION YESTER-
DAY.
terian
lunch.
... g.
ladies inviting the members to
Mr.'C.C. Slaughter of Dallas moved
that article 12 of the constitution be re-
considered. lie said that HO members
had petitioned to that extont. Article
12 is in relation to fees and initiations.
The pltitioners thought $23 was too
much foranitlatlon fee.
Mr. Simpson was opposed to a recon-
sideration and demanded that the peti-
tion be read, which was done.
Mr. Helford thought that the assess-
ment of ¥25 showed an illiberal dis-
position toward new men coming in to
the country, who were just starting in
business. Such a price would deter
food men from joining. The fee should
e $5 a year, and the association
should be open to membership free.
Mr. C. IE. Smith said
he moved the adoption
of the constitution yesterday, and was
still inclined to favor, but a number of
his neighbors and Mends favored a five
dollar initiation fee, and he should con-
sequently vote for a reconsideration.
Mr. Simpson said he was willing to
reconsider,' bitt thought the objection
was because the article was
not understood. The idea was
to raise sufficient means to
make the association effective to pre-
vent thieving ami illegal branding. We
tnust have llnances In the ireasury.
Men have stood back for eight years,
when they might have joined at any
time for two dollars. Now they come
In when the association is on
the point of doing some
good, and demand that the only means
rnctlcable to raise funds be quashed,
erson had anything better to
, t 5
t x.
Mi Otaaiam,
^NO. 02 HOUSTON STREET,
PORT WORTH,
TEXAS.
pel
the
was willing to withdraw op-
it going to
money
were passed, thanking the railway com-
pany for Its courtesy and magnificent
layout In the way of creature comforts.
Tlie visitors expressed themselves much
pleased with the appearance of the
country along the line, especially
rich portion between Fort Wortl
the
and
Look for the Revolving Tin Sign across
the sidewalk.
pr
If any
suggest
position.
Mr. Ilelford said the association had
done, much good, and was doing much
good, but the organization should be
.eft open eo that men could enter it who
could not afford to pay $25.
The question of reorganization was
put to tne house, and carried by a vote
of 45 to 25.
"dr. Slaughter made an amusing blun-
der by thinking his motion was lost, and
promised that he would set 'em up
when he discovered his mistake.
Dr. .llarrold said in behalf of tlie com-
mittee on constitution that the members
worked for the best interests of the as-
associatlon.
Mr. Bedford said no person accused
tho committee of Impure motives, hut
simply alleged tliut they were mistaken
in putting the initiation fee at too high
a rate.
Mr. Bedford moved that $25 in that
article be stricken out and $5 inserted.
Mr. SlmpBon said he would
be glad if it was for the
interest of the association to keep
the fee at one dollar, but the association
was in' debt, and how was it gi
get outf—the association needed
and how was it to be got?
Mr. Burnet offered an amendment that
the fee be made $10.
Secretary Loving said the association
was now in debt $1)00 and at a $5 en-
trance fee it would take an indefinite
time to pay it off. The old members
had spent more than a hundred dollars
each, and tlie young members should be
able to put up twenty-five dollius each,
lie was not In favor of anything less
than ten dollars.
Mr. Belford said there was a feeling
abroad that tho fee was raised to keep
out poor'rieuibets. and that stWh an Idea
should be dispelled.
Secretary Loving said the actual ex-
penses of the association were not less
lb on $400 per year. He said Ave dollars
to the member would beep np that ex-
pense without calculating on extraneous
expenses.
Capt. Warren said there was a hang-
ing debt of $000, and wanted informa-
tion as to how it accrued.
The secretary stated that a delegation
sent to Austin cost $500, and that some
more sums were paid for the capture of
cattle thieves.
Mr. Simpson stated that he knew of
$500 tn Claims against the association
over and above what the secretary
stated.
Mr. Oelftord said that all outside olalms
should tie paid by assessment, and the
ff expen
ly fees.
A votp was then taken on I he amend-
ment, setting tho Initiation fee at $10,
and was carried by a large majority.
The secretary stated that ho had
applications lor" membership from
the following gentlemen, John Mlllsap,
J. F. Evans, J. H.Stevens, J. TLiggens,
J. W. Zood. 15. Gatewood, John B. Lee,
J, W, Cowen. They were elected.
On motion the contention-adjourned
until two o'clock.
From Fort Worth to Wltohita Falla-
Incidenta, Without Aeoldenta,
on the Way.
The management of the Fort Worth
and Denver City Itailroad—of which
Col. Frost, superintendent—is the head
and front here, tendered the stockhien
now visiting Texas, the courtesies of an
excursion over this line of road from
Fort Worth to Wichita Fi 11b, it# present
terminus, end one of the largest shipping
points in the state. The excursion was
given by tlie railroad company for the
purpose of enlarging the knowledge of
the visitors in regard to the resources
and poBsibilit les of tills portion of Texas.
Promptly at 8 o'clock the train, com-
manded by Colonel Frost in person, and
composed of three Pullman and four
other cars, was set in motion and sailed
by tlie union depot and along through
the rich bottom lands of the Trinity
and out Into the unrivalled prairie coun-
try, as smoothly as if the track had been
laid with glass rails. Tbtre were no
tedious delays, such as arc usual on such
occasions, and soon the prospectors
were greeted with tlie sight of as rich
a farming range of country as can he
found anywhere, extending from tlie
Prairie Queen to Decatur, the flourish-
ing county seat of Wise county.
The first car was occupied by a party
of twenty or more gentlemen—ladles
were conspicuous by their absence—
from Chicago, who acknowledged the
superintendence of Mr. S. M. Daniels,
ofPiattsburg, Mo., live stock agent for
the Wabasb, St. Louis A Pacific rail-
way. To say that Mr. Daniels is a per-
fect gentleman, and a thoroughbred
railway business man, is putting It-
mildly; be is a whole team "and a bull-
dog under the wagon" in railway mat-
ters, with which he is intrusted. He
knows what his duty is and does it.
This car contained stockinet) and capi-
talists from Chicago, Juliet, Colorado
and other points in the northwest, look-
ing for a chance for profitable invest-
ments in Texas. They were us jolly a
crowd as could begot together, embody-
ing the enterprise, energy and hearty
looks characteristic of tlie human pro-
duct of the great northwest, aud did
credit to the sections of country which
they represented.
The following named gentlemen com-
prised the delegation, hailing from Chi-
cago, Joliet, ana other points iu Illinois,
and the Northwest:
11. Straliorn, A. li. Pickering, Horace
Tucker, freight manager of the Illinois
Central Hallway, W. M. Darlington,
Georgo Shaw, C. A. Mallory, J. D. Bur-
ris. W.N. Evans. J. W. Paxon, E. B.
llarrold, John Hurrold, W. O. Hoffman
of the Chicago Tribune. A. C. llallowell
of the Drover's Journal, William Young
and Fred Lelghton, of Mllwauka, A. C.
llutchins, Chicago, J. A. Forbes, Don-
don, England, S. Hale, S, M. Sharp, J.
N. Mattiaon and Sum Farrar, Chicago.
This delegation occupied a separate
car, made it home like, a# it were, eat-
ing, sleeping, smoking, drinking, and
pustiming in It, without tlie necessity
of going "across the street to see a
man" or anybody else. It was a jolly,
good-natured lot. good-looking, genial,
and affable without an exception—in
fact, a fair exhibition of the grade of
humanity, propagated In the great
Northwest of this Continent.
The second car was rather more
crowded and almost exclusively repre-
sented what commerce has made our
near neighbor, Saint Louis. It was un-
der command of a veteran in tlie rail-
way and stock business, Mr. I. N. Mc-
Beth, in boyhood a playmate of the
writer, and later a successful live stock
dealer, and how general live stock agent
for the Warbash, St. Louis and Pacific
railways. Forty-five years of acquain-
tance with Mr. McBeth is the only ex-
cuse the reporter has to offer for speak-
ing of him specially, as a manwnoln
all relations of life, and especially in
railway or stock matters, "will do to
tie to, and these interests would .be
vastly Improved if more of his sort were
placed In charge of important positions
controlling these branches of trade and
commerce.
The following named gentlemen were
SADDLES, SADDLES, SADDLES
ugt
St. Louis: N. S. Buell, of Hitnteri
Evans A Co.; Sain Sealing, of Sealing js
Lambyhles; N. T. Jackson, of Mefculf,
Moore A Co.; J. C. Campbell, of Camp-
bell, Lancaster <& Co.; C. C. Daly, of
Dalv, Miller A Co.; C. M. Key, of C. M.
Key A Co.; W. W. J arris, of Little,
JarvU A Co.; W. D. Farrls, of Rives,
Furrls & Co.; R. M. Scrugga, of Irons,
Casaldy A Scruggs,; Isaac II. Knox, II.
T. Salman and G. M. Casey, Clinton,
Mo.; W. II. Bryan and E. Wllcox; Ne-
vada, Mo.; G. II. Godliardtand L.Knox,
St. Louis; Abner, Piatt A Co.; J. C.
Bone, a commission merchant, all of the
Union Stock Yards at Chicago, and ▲.
Jackson, of Reynolds; Enoch A Co.,
Buffalo, N. Y.; James (laidwin, Boston,
Mass.; T. Hasberg, Lockport, N. Y.;
Ed. Donahoe, Illinois; W. W. Smith, J.
Adler and Paul Smith, Joliet. Ills; Geo.
Alexander, of Ranpel,' Evans A Alex-
ander, Union Stock Yards.
In oar No. 3, which was In charge' of
Mr. Daniels, with C. F. Reynolds as
managing caterer, were I Ingersen, of
Ingersen Bros.; J Strodar, of J Stroder
A Son; S E Wood, of Wood Bios; L T
Martin, of Martin Bres; 1 II Goss, of
Adams, Eldrldge A Jackson: Abner
Piatt, J D Burris, of Coffman A Brown;
.1 W Paxson, of C I) Paxson A Co.; W
N Evans, secretary Chicago City rail-
way: E B llarrold, Texas; John Har-
roiil, Bloomlngton, Illinois; W O Huff-
man. Chicago Tribune; Fred Leigbter.
a Milwaukee packer: A E llutchins, J A
Forbes and S llale, London, England; T
A Murphy and W W llubbell, Trenton,
Mo; Win Evans, Colorado; E E llallo-
well, of Drovers Journal; S M Thorp,
Illinois; J M Morrison, Colorado,Texas;
and s H Farrar, Cimuiaron, Arkansas.
Ob the up trip a series of resolutions
Decatur, nearly all of which exhibited a
richness they had hardly expected to
see. The tall forests of cotton stalks
that had been stripped of their wealth,
and the beautifully green and extensive
wheat fields stood forth as an evidence
of what Texas soil was capable of do-
ing, when properly encouraged.
Oar No. 4 was In charge of Horace
Tucker, general freight agent of tlie Il-
linois Central rullroad, and among the
party were R Straliorn of Struhorn A
Co.; A D Pickering, of A 1> Pickering &
Co.; Wm M Darling and Geo. M Shaw,
ofCAMalleryl Clinton, Mo.; G M Cas-
sey. of Cassey A Adair, Clinton, Mo.; G
II Goddard. St. Louis: W II Bryan and
E Wilcox, Navada, Mo.; und C F Mc-
Beth, traveling stock agents W. St.
L. A P. R. R. This splendid car was
tendered by the Missouri Pacific road
und well equipped with the usual excur-
sion commodities necessary for a jolly
good time.
The entire excursion party enjeyed
theoccasslon to the very fullest, and
their good humor didn't seem to be
marred even when their little games of
seveji-up, eucre and casino were broken
in upon and disturbed by smiling at-
tendants rushing about with waiters
loaded with the foaming tankard, the
more modest, but not less potent cock-
tall, and old Bourbon strnghts, supple-
mented by some real Havanas. The
lunch served on the up trip was every-
thing that could be desiretl. and placed
u tail feather in the cups of its provid-
ers. To say that the refreshments of
the commissary department were duly
appreciated would be putting It mild.
The exeurters just '-iiaterully went
for 'em."
The fifth car wus~in charge of E L
Dudley, superintendent T4 P road, In
company with James Williams, super-
intendent eastern division; G O Clinton,
superintendent Rio Grande division; C
L Frost, superintendent of Fort Worth
<& Denver City road, tmd E M Alvord,
train master. These three railroad
chiefs occupied tlie rear enr of the train.
On the way up. Superintendent Frost
received the following message from J
M Eddy, president of i lie rouil:
"Regret I cannot be with yon to-day,
but will get to Fort Worth late this
evening. Please take good care of our
stock friends."
On the arrival of the train at Wichita
Falls, the hundreds proceeded to the
Harris hotel and partook of an excellent
dinner, gotten up by the generous citi-
zens of the city, and, like the freedom
characteristic of all Texas people, ihe
excursionists enjoyed the free dinner In
common with the freedom of the city.
Wichita Palls, the present objective
terminus of tlie road, has the best stock
yurd In the state, located one mile from
town on Holiday creek, and ten miles
from Red River. 1'hey are located on t he
open prairie, where the large ship-
ments readily find open range" and are
accessible either to the Incoming or
outgoing herds, find good range on
which to hold for delayed drlvesor ship-
ments. Fifty-five thousand to seventy-
five thousand head will arrive here by
rail from the southern part of tlie state-
apart of the drive that formerly went
over the trail. It is estimated that
about. 55,000 beeves will be loaded here
torthe eastern market from the country
tributary to this point. Lust year this
road shipped 8t)0 cars of live stock.
Though late in the season running, yet.
they were handled so that not a single
instance of loss or damage was reported
to have occurred. The run is one und a
hnlfdays shorter than any other large
shipping point in the BtHte. It connects
with tne Texas und Pacific at Fort
Worth, and with tho Missouri Pacific at
Hodge, four miles north of Fort Worth,
giving choice of routes to eastern ship-
pers.
From Fort Worth to Wichita Fails the
towns and improvements are, without
any important exceptions, the creations
of the Fort Worth and Denver City rail-
way, and are dependent upon it tor the
prosperity they have attained, if not for
very existence. Wichita Falls is not a
rival of Niagara by any means, but a
three feet tall in the
creek near ton n gave it
Its name. The town has only the ira-
fiortance which the railway lias givan
t as a cattle shipping point, ami though
at present It Is a "city of mugnilicent
distances"—bet w.een houses—vet it is
"a city set upon a hill," ana has the
natural advantages and enterprise to
make it one of the most Important towns
In the state. The present population is
probably twenty-five hvndred or three
thousand, and a newspaper has just
been started there.
In the foregoing—"owing to circum-
stances over which the reporter did not
have entire control"—some names of
visitors or officials may have been
missed, and special mention omitted
where it would have been in order; lint
in the main the report may be relied on
as correct. Tho occasion was one of
great pleasure to all who participated
in it, and no doubt will result In much
good to our section and profit to the visi-
tors. creditable alike to the citizens of
Fort Worth and the great lever of her
growth and prosperity—the Fort Worth
and Denver railway.
The excursionists were safely landed
at the union depot in this city at nine
o'clock last evening, and will proceed
from here to El Paso.
Fort Worth's Population IB,750.
Messrs. Morrison A Fourtney have
completed the list of names for the di-
rectory of the city of Fort Worth, and
it foot's up *1,500. Thelrestimate of pop-
ulation in Middle and North Texas
cities is on a basis of 8} inhabitants to
every name obtained for the directory.
This gives the city a population of
15,700. ^
LOCAL BREVITIES.
THE OLD AND RELIABLE SADDLE AND HARNESS HOUSE OF
R. F. TACK ABERY
Wants it thoroughly understood that he lias the largest and finest stock of
AND STOCKMEN'S'
OUTFITTING^
(liar None.)
IN NORTH TEXAS,
Have on hand some of the nobbiest Raised Stamped
California and Cheyenne Bilged Saddles
Ever seen In the State.
FINE BUGGY IV FBOI $35 to $100
Our live saddle-man, W. J. TACKABERY, will be found at his post to
welcome any visitors and show them through tlie mammoth establishment.
No. 3 West Weatberford Street,
Fort Worth, Texas.
M. J, Lewis, the well-known dealer In
countrv produce and fancy groceries,
doing business at 110 Houston street,
still maintains his place In the front in
his line of business. Strict intention to
business, square dealing, courtesy and
promptness is the secret of his success.
8-5-3t
The Presbyterian ladles to-day out-
did yesterday's luncheon performance.
There seemed to be more dinner, more
ladies and more diners. One gentleman
said : "It is the uiost delightful dinner
1 have sat down to In ten years, and I
could not resist the temptation to pay
double price and make a square meal of
It." Still a better dinner will be served
to-morrow, and there is some talk of
"keeping it up." The citizen or visitor
who misses a dining witli these ladies
to-morrow may just as well leave orders
for "failure" as an epitaph."
Malone, Waller A Co., at the
Mississippi and Tennessee Store,
on Houston street, have now
In stock fresh shipments of gents fur-
nishing goods, embracing the spring
varieties of clothinfc, hats, boots and
shoes, nnderware. ties, etc., etc.. all of
the best made and most fashionable pat-
terns. These gentleman deal with the
manufacturers, and in making their or-
ders have particular regard to the class
of goods demanded by Texans—hence
they are prepared to suit the trade and
to furnish just what is wanted. 3-3-1 w
-fc , i
Important Suit.
Rachel Wharton et. al., vs. II. C. Whar-
ton, et. al.
Suit by plaintIffi Rachel Wharton and
Marv A. J. Waterhouse to have defend-
ant II. C. Wharton's title to 2,5U0 acres
of land In Crockett county and lot lOof
block 28, Fort Worth, declared trusts III
favor of plaintiffs, and to have certain
funds alleged to be in defendants hands
turned over to plalntiffc. Plaintifft
claim that Henry Wharton, ^who was the
father of defendant II. C. Wharton and
M. A. .T. Waterhouse and husband of
plaintiff Rachel Wharton, died In Cali-
fornia about May 1*82, and by his will
left plaintiffs all his property, and a
short time before his death he entrusted
defendant H. C. Wharton with money
and property to the amount and value
of $8000.00 to be invested In Texas;
that defendant in violation of the trnst
seeks to appropriate all of the property
to his own benefit. Henee to suit
1'. COM1W,
Ft. Worth.
II. F. heaih
Mineolo.
BS
READ&GO.
Gentlemen look In at Taylor & Barr's
dry goods store.
The will of the late Col. W. R. Gauze
was filed for probate to-day.
House with three rooms to rent. Ap-
ply to District Clerk i. 31. Ilartstield, at
the court house. 3-8-tf
Taylor A Barr's grand emporium is
now open. Step tn and see the finest
establishment in north Texas.
A fresh Invoice of Stetson hats, or-
dered specially for the occasion, just re-
ceived at Malone, Waller A Co.'s, Hous-
ton street. Sj^-lw
Full line of gents furnishing goods,
embracing the latest styles and the most
sttractive spring varieties, just opened
at Malone, Waller A Co.'s, Houston
street, 2d door from 1st street. 3-3-lw
The waterworks company are now
prepared to make estimates nnd put in
sen ice pipes and connections for those
desiring to be supplied with water.
Estimates and rates given nt their office,
eorncr Fifth and Main streets. tf
Trait««'a Hi*.
By virtue of a certain chattel mort-
gage made, exeouted and delivered to
me. the undersigned, on the 8th day of
December, 1882. by II. W. Calloway, and
filed for record In the office of the clerk
of the county court of Tarrant county
on said 8th day of December. A. I).
1882,1 will sell, on Monday, the 10th
day of March, 1883, within the legal
hours of sale, before the court house
door of Tarrant county, at. public out-
cry. to the htgheat bidder ror cash In
hand,the
to-wlti
(1) On* bai
(I) One pa;
(I) One bay horse, known aa Little
John.
(1) One pair of horaes, one a bay and
one a brown, known as Beeswax and
Tom.
(1) Onedouble phrcton.
To satisfy the nromisory note payable
to the order of Fakes A Co., mentioned
in said chattel mortgage.
W. G. Tiukeh,
Trustee.
i highest
following personal property.
•ggasr* wagon.
One paint none, known as Paint.
[Signed.J
GROCERS
NO. 63 HOUSTON ST., (BrilDSWig Building.)
FORT WORTH, - TEXAS.
We keep constantly on hand a complete
stock of
mi m FMG7 BBS,
—EGGS, BUTTEK,—
m
Poultry and Fresh Veg tables.
We make a specialty of supplying fam-
ilies, guarantee weights, quality of
goods, and make prompt delivery, tf
m TE1BIV SILL
Saturday, March 10th.
I'HE GREATEVENT
The management begs leave to announce
the engagement, for one night
only, with the celebrated
J. H. Haverly's
ENGLISH OPERA CO.,
Direct from Haverly's New York Thea-
tre. The largest and most expen-
sive organizat ion in the world.
Presenting the Spectacular
nnd ComlcOperaby Ju-
lian Straus, entitled
MERRY WAR!
Stmt Original Now York Cast,
Same Elaborate Costumes,
Same Gorgeous Militai y Effect,
Same Brand Chorus,40 voices
That created the New York craze, and
held the stage In that city Ave months.
Haverly's Own Orchestra.
Reserved seats $1.30, at Max Elser'a
music store. Carriages at 10: IS.
§;
I
#
*
ty
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
Styles, Carey W. The Daily Democrat. (Fort Worth, Tex.), Vol. 1, No. 98, Ed. 1 Thursday, March 8, 1883, newspaper, March 8, 1883; Fort Worth, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth233601/m1/4/: accessed May 14, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.