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14 BUREAU OF CHEMISTRY AND SOILS, 1932
tribution and location are shown on the accompanying soil map; and
their acreage and proportionate extent are given in table 3.
TABIr 3.-Acreage and proportionate extent of the soils mapped in Bee County,
Tex.
Sol type Acres Per
Soil type Acres cen
cent cent
Victoria clay -
----
14,016 2. 5 DeWitt fine sand
---
14,400 2.6
Victoria clay loam --.----------
14,400 2.6 Golad fine sandy loam, shallow
Monteola clay-,-
15,488 2. 7 phase------
78,400 13.9
Monteola clay loam.
-
13,056 2.3 Goliad gravelly fine sandy loam --
4,352 .8
Clareville clay loam------------
13, 632 2.4 Orelia fine sandy loam, depression
Leona clay loam -------------
23, 552 4. 2 phase ---------------. 7, 040 1.2
Clareville fine sandy loam-------. 92,032 16.3 Monteola clay, shallow phase-
1,024 .2
Goliad fine sandy loam.----. ...... 69,632 12.3 Riverwash.
2,560 .5
Orelia fine sandy loam-......-.... 110,144 19.5
Medio loamy fine sand------
23,872 4.2 Total
-
-64,480
DeWitt fine sandy loam -..-.., 66,880 11.8
DARK-COLORED HEAVY SOILS SUITED TO FARMING
The dark-colored heavy farming soils are Victoria clay, Victoria
clay loam, Monteola clay, Monteola clay loam, Clareville clay loam,
and Leona clay loam. These are some of the more extensive soils
of the general region in which Bee County lies. The soils of the
group cover 147.1 square miles, or 16.7 percent of the land in the
county. They are calcareous in all soil layers, occupy smooth almost
flat to undulating or gently rolling relief, and are of comparatively
high productivity. The largest areas are in the southwestern and
northwestern parts of the county, and smaller areas are in the
southern part. The areas in the southern and southwestern parts
are smooth or undulating and lack a well-developed drainage system;
but those in the northwestern part range from undulating to rolling,
a well-developed system of drainage is established, and erosion is
active.
These soils are largely suited to general crops and general systems
of farming, and a number of them, especially the clay loams, are
well suited to the production of Bermuda onions, cabbage, and other
truck crops.
In surface appearance these soils are similar, but marked differences
of texture, structure, and consistence give them widely different
capacities for crop production. The Victoria soils are characterized
by heavy calcareous surface soils of crumbly structure over heavy
subsoils which are fairly permeable. The Clareville and Monteola
soils have topsoils of heavy calcareous materials of crumbly structure,
which overlie moderately heavy subsoils. These soils have good
moisture-holding capacity, and crops do not suffer quickly in dry
seasons. Leona clay loam occurs in narrow creek bottoms.
Victoria clay.-Victoria clay occupies a total area of 21.9 square
miles and is one of the most productive soils in this section of the
State. The crops for which it is best suited are cotton, corn, grain
sorghums, sorgo, Sudan grass, Bermuda onions, and cabbage.
The smc th almost flat relief has favored the development of
thick soil avers that merge gradually with the underlying parent
material. 'The soil material in the virgin state contains much organic