The Southern Mercury, Texas Farmers' Alliance Advocate. (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 36, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 4, 1890 Page: 3 of 8
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THE SOUTUKKM MKKUUKY: DALLAS, TEXAS, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBKH 4, 1890
FARM AND GARDEN.
Devoted to Ev^lhin oí Intern* to the Fan.,, Orchard and
Brief Articles on Practical Topics, Notes and Observations
tiro Solicited.
FARM AND GARDEN.
THINGS SAID AND DONE BY WIDE
AWAKE AGRICULTURISTS.
NOTES.
! the yield there is not so g od as upon
1 strong laud. Care should always be
H. P Morrow (San Augustine, Tex) taken to prepare the soil well before
writes: "Would be glad to see Prof. 80wing the seed. A very light cover-
\
Stubbb' article upon sugar and syrup
making for small fa' niers and mills. A
good deal of sugar cane is grown here,
bat the product is sorry." The leaer
has been referred to Prof. Stubba
To secure fine specimens of fruit a
French hoiticulturalist, perceiving that
whenever a fruit—a pear for instance—
rests upon some branch or other sup-
port beneath it, that the fruit always
grows to a large size, gives the selec-
ted fruit the necessary artificial sup-
port. This permits the sap vessels of
them to remain open, and the fruit re-
ceives abundant nourishment.
Mr. A. A. Hutchinson, of Mullens,
Mills county, Tex , sends to the Times
Democrat the following:
"I herewith send you the Texas in-
fallible cure for screw worms:
Inject in the wound and on the
worm—using therefor a small syringe
pure chloroform. Apply immedi-
ately a piece of cotton over the wound,
say for half a minute, so as to retain
the fumes of the chloroform. Then
fill the wound with calomel, which will
cause it to suppurate. No fly #ill de-
posit eggs except on fresh blood. An-
noint with fish oil to keep the fly away.
PET COTTON.
Jeff Welbom reports of this variety:
"The Pet Cotton has extended cotton
culture further west and north than all
other varieties put together. It will
cause a number of gins to be put up
this summer where three years ago it
was thought cotton would not grow.
There will be several in Kansas. In
regard to the preparation of the soil
and cultivation of cotton he says: When
I want cotton to make a full crop the
land must be broken deep or bedded
during the winter and be cultivated
once every week or ten days during
the ten weeks of cultivation.
Johnson Grass.
I notice that Johnson grass is re-
ceiving considerable consideration
from the press, and mostly to keep it
within bounds—to kill it. It is almost
invaluable to keep up this agitation
until an easy and economical solution
to this problem is reached, for I believe
more than half of the faimers of Texss
are infested with it, and rapidly ma-
rauding on arable lar.ds and places of
long standing. Several remedies have
been offe ed, but all are inconvenient
and mere radically e flective. I believe
to destroy it by a solution of some
kind will eventually be the approved
method, because its application is ea-
sy, and being taken up by absorption
will prove effective. It is very instruc-
tive to try sprinkling it with a solution
of arsenic, moderating the quantity
used, to try the effect. After the
smoke of the political campaign has
cleared away, it might be well for The
Mercury to raise a fund, like the
Houston Post did for the armory, and
offer it for a thorough, easy, and eco-
nomical destructive of this grass.- It
is becoming a monopoly, and the peo-
ple will flock to your support in check
ing it. You fellows over there who
are fighting this pest single handed,
liaise your voice
counsel," until a
met, and peace in jour own behalf es
tablished. I wish the S ate Alliance
could touch on this subject. I do not
believe I have more than a flour barrel
full of the grass on the place.
Ever fraternally,
J. B. GAY.
Columbus, Texas.
in the multitude of
common enemy is
Millet for Hay.
One advantage with this crop is that
it requires only a short time to make
a good growth, while on a good soil a
large yield can, with proper care, easi-
ly be obtained. Another advantage
is that it can be sown after nearly or
quite alf of the other seeding is done,
and the prospects for hay from the
meadows and clover fields can be rea-
sonably well determined. There are
few crops that can be depended upon
to make up any deficiency there may
lie in the hay crop so readily as millet
or Hungarian grass.
^Though it is often sown on thin land
Bimhrl Ilutes for Marketing Kurt) Po-
tatoes uml Ifaiulllug tl>« Crop Through-
out the Season—A Top Box for the
Wagon That Will Carry a l.arge l.oatl.
Iti his useful little manual oil potato
culture Mr. T. B. Terry, of Ohio, calls
Attention to the use of bushel boxes for
lamlling potatoes. He says:
For several years 1 have been using
ishol boxes for marketing early pota-
toes while the skins slip, and for han-
dling the crop in the field all through the
season. This is one of the ways in which
the potato specialist can get ahead of the
¿mull raiser. I think wo handle our crop
for less than half of what it used to cost
lis before we got these boxes made. Our
boxes are ltt inches by 16, and lit deep,
all inside measures. They were made a
little deeper to allow for shrinkage. The
sides and bottoms are made of three-
eighths stuff and the ends of five-eighths.
Hand holes are cut in the ends as shown
in the cut.
The upper corners are bound with gal-
vanized hoop iron to make them strong.
The price paid for them was from $35 to
$30 a hundred at a box factory. The
wood used is mostly whitewood. Some
light wood should be used, of course, so
as to make them as light as possible.
They need not weigh more than six or
•even pounds. Early in the season,
ing only is needed. A good plan it to
plow and harrow the soil into a good
tilth, and, if necessary, roll it. Then
sow the seed, using a light harrow or
brush to cover them. A broadcast
seeder is an economical impltmji.t to
use in sowing. When it can be done
it will be best to sow as soon as possi-
ble after a rain rather than just before.
Hard, dashing rains not only often
wash the seed, but also, if the sun
comes out warm, a crust will form over
the top, through which the tender
plants cannot force their way. It is
best always to use plenty of seed, es-
pecially it grown for hay. O.i good
rich soil 16 quarts will not be too
much. With g asses of all kinds a
gocd stand is important, and plenty of
seed must be used if this is secured
When millet is grown for hay it must
be cut reasonably early, ll delayed
too long the quality will be impaired.
Cut justas the seed begins to lortn, or
as near that stage as possible. The
cutting, curing and mowing away should
be done the same as with clover, and,
like clover, the hay is one of the best
that can be used for milch cows, while
the heavy yield that it is possible to
obtain makes it a cheap food. It will
stand drouth better than many other
crops, and often this will be found a
great advantage, especially if grown
for a soiling crop.
Will Sheep Baising Pay?
J. W. Pollock, an Ohio sheep raiser,
argues the following propositions in
Colman's Rural World.
i. That more wool ought to be
grown and more mutton produced by
the farmers of the United States, and,
2, that more of our farmers ought to
engage in these legitimate and profita-
ble industries. If the first is proved
the second will naturally follow. In
support of these propositions I submit
three reasons: i. More farmers
should keep sheep, because it would
be profitable; it would pay. 2 It is
a duty we owe to each other. 3. It
is a duty we owe to our country; it
would be patriotic in the highest sense
for the farmers of this country to grow
a sufficient amount of wo j1 to clothe
ourselves. * * * It is
estimated that about 9 000,000 of our
people are engaged in agricultural pur-
suits, and that there are about 4,600 -
000 firms in the United States, and,
perhaps almost as many farmers or
land owneis. Statistics tell us that
not more than 1,020 000, or less than
one fourth of all the farmers in the
United States, are engaged in the wool
growing industry, and that of the near-
ly 5,000,000 farms only about one-
fourth have sheep kept on them. If
sheep were kept in small flocks on ev-
ery farm the wool growers would num-
ber 5 000,000 instead of 1,000,000 vo-
ters. * * * Instead of our flocks
being scattered all over the country,' If the top box is to be used very much
they ought to be consolidated all over j j1 is beHt*0 lmt fiom° thinPlate3 of„b™d
76 ... iron on the wagon box, to prevent the
the country. My proposition is that j board irons from wearing into it and
we have more flocks and not m ire
sheep—more flocks that we may p 0-
duce more wool and mutton, and that
we may grow better wool and mutton.
The highest giades of wool and the
; bushel box with hand hoi.es.
while the skius slip, our potatoes are
dug and laid (not thrown) into these
boxes, and the boxes are covered as fast
as filled. They are then safe from sun
and rain until wanted for market. The
covers are simply pieces of boards cut
about 15 by 18 inches.
At the end of the season, when the
boxes are filled for the last time, they may
be carried down to the cellar and stored
away full of potatoes, or apples may be
put in them. There is no nicer way of
marketing winter apples than in those
bushel boxes. Again, in the spring they
are just the thing to have the seed
around in when cutting and to carry it
to the field in.
When potatoes are drawn in bulk and
for moving the boxes from field to field
a top box that will carry a large load,
and still not be very high to lift the po-
tatoes over, saves some hard work. An
ordinary farm wagon will hardly carry
more than forty bushels, perhaps not
that, with the top box on. When the
roads are good a team can ofteu draw
fifty or sixty, if the wagon could be
made to hold so many conveniently.
In the illustration is shown ¡1 top box
successfully used and described by Mr.
Terry, It is no higher to lift over than
a common top box; it can be taken off
or put on iu a minute, and 011 a ten foot
wagon box it will hold about sixty-six
bushels of potatoes, or two tons. It is
very useful for many other purposes be-
side hauling potatoes.
Fig. 1 shows one side board, eighteen
inches wide, for a ten foot wagon box.
Fig. 2 shows one of the three sets of
irons that are on the side board. The
inside iron is one inch by one-half inch.
The outside iron is one inch by one-
fourth inch, ¡ind the brace is a round
rod one-half inch in diameter. This is
amply strong enough to hold all the 18-
inch wood one can pile on. a big load of
hay. or all the potatoes that can be
itel
i y
Tor BOX FOR A WAOON.
heaped on. These irons are bolted to
the side board, and simply slip 011 to the
side of the wagon box, one each side.
to prevent splitting,
Fig. ¡3 shows the back end board,
which has two wooden cleats on it to
prevent splitting, and which fits in be-
tween two wooden cleats on the inside
of each side board, and is held in place
by hooks which hook into eyes on the
In Fig. 4 the plain lines show a cross
section of box, top box, braces and top
, of load. The lower dotted show, at a
best quality of mutton in the world are ¡ side boards.
the products o' the small flocks in the
United States. # • * As a nation
we boast of our ability to feed 60 000-1 glance, how much less a common top
000 of people and have a surplus for I [J"x of tho BfJm° w°uld while
, , . . , the upper dotted unes show how very
the foreign trade. Why not clothe yg), the common top box would have
our own people as well as feed them? to be in order to hold as much. Still,
The farmers of this country ought by fhe dotted. J1,1108, 8h."w tho kiTl'\TH(i,y
' ° J in use, and the high ono, or double top
all means grow a sufficient amount of box, will cost more than my kind, and
wool to supply our own mills, and thus is much harder to load into. Tho brake
1 • l ~ c handle comes up through a hole in the
encourage the home manufacture of ?¡de wd near tge front* an<1 two piec08
our American wool. of board aro nailed together to set
around it, so as to keep potatoes from
interfering with its movement—a simple
, little device that any one can study up
without a cut.
It ia (aid tbe Goatherd threw and «trunk
the Goat on the bora anu broke it. Be-
coming alarmed, be besought tbe Goat not
to tell bis master. ' Gh! most foolish Goat-
herd," repl'ed tbe Goat, "my broken horn
wl'l tell tbe story, though 1 should not ut-
ter a word." Faets speak louder than
words, whloh acooun's lor the unprece-
dented popularity of Knoliph Female
Bitters lor tbe quick and permanent cure
of all troublesome female complain s aud
Irregularities. It relieves monthly weak-
ness or excesses, cares leucborrhaea, pain
In the back and falling ol tbe worn •; erad-
leates swimming aid giddiness of tbe head,
sets Ilka a charm with girls just merging
into womanhood and Insures a safe journey
\ through "tht turn of Ufa."
A New Departure lit KiikIIiib*.
To Mr. T. D.Peterson, of Wolverhamp-
ton, England, the inventor of the roller
process for pressing ensilage stacks, is
duo tho invention of a new method of
heating green forage or gram when
placed in silos. It is that of exhaust-
ing the silo of all air when in the courv4
of filling by an exhaust fan placed rat-
side, and worked either by hand or other
power. A connecting pipe pasaes from
the inside of the silo to the fan, and the
valve on tbe pipe is open when the fan
is at work.
AN ACRE IN FRUIT.
On Way to I'laut It Wltli Hit* Twelve
Commonly Grown.
Apple trees fifteen years from planting
may be expected to produce two bushels
each. All the other tree fruits may be
expected to produce oue-half of it bushel,
in periods varying front six to fifteen
years from planting. To produce thirty
bushels of apples would require fifteen
trees, and twelve bushels of other tree
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PI.AN FOR PLANTING AN ACRE IN kkcit.
fruits would require twenty-four trees,
all of which could be placed on less than
three-quarters of an turre of ground,
leaving the remainder of the acre for
the berries and grapes.
Accompanying is a diagram showing
how ¡til that is requisite could be plant-
ed 011 an acre without encroaching oti
any neighbor, even if the acre was
boundeil 011 all sides by property belong-
ing to others. The plot lies east and
west, and is HI rods long by in rods
wide. The trees marked 1 in rows A
and B on iho north side are apple trees,
with one cherry tree, marked 'J in row
B. The cherries are continued in row
C, and three pear trees, marked it, pul
in to complete the row.
The trees in these three rows are two
rods apart and one rod from the bound-
ary fences. In lhe row D are live pear
trees, marked U; six peach trees, marked
4: two plum trees, marked 5, and two
quince bushes, marked6—¡ill sixteen and
one-half feet apart in the row. Between
the quince bushes, in the row, are plant-
ed gooseberries, and farther west currant
bushes. Between the rows (' and I) are
three rows of raspberries, marked E, and
between O and B two rows of black-
berries, marked F. If the ground is
kept rich and cultivated the berries will
suffer but little from shade for a dozen
years or more, and for that matter the
portion devoted to apples could also bo
used for raspberries if desired.
The open space south of the trees, con-
taining forty-eight rods of ground, or
nearly one-third of an acre, if rich and
well cared for should produce of the
larger kinds of strawberries, such as
Sharpless, Bubach, Jessie or Downing,
about fifteen bushels; if planted to Cres-
cent, with one-fifth Wilson or Sucker
State as fertilizer, it might produce thir-
ty or thirty-five bushels. The row
marked (J across the west end consists
of nineteen grapevines two and one-half
feet from boundary and eight feet apart.
To produce four bushels they must yield
eleven pounds per vine, a possibility not
difficult to reach, says a correspondent
in Farm and Fireside, from which our
cut is a reprint.
Artillóla) ManiUí'H.
Front «xhaustive experiments made in
England with artificial manures the
Mark Lane Express draws the following
deductions:
Phosphate alone, for any crop, is in-
adequate, and farmers should abandon
the use of superphosphate by i 1 self.
Nitrogen alone is unreliable for any crop.
Phosphates and nitrogen together (with
potash sometimes added) are more benefi-
cial to grain crops than most people
imagine. For root crops, fertilizers con-
taining phosphates, nitrogen and potash
give far tho beat results. For grass,
manures containing phosphates and
nitrogen (sometimes with potash) are the
best kinds. Oat and potato crops can
be enormously increased by the use of'
the proper fertilizers.
1'otutnes Infected with Hut.
To dig or not to dig potatoes ¡11 infest-
ed fields is a question not as yet very
well determined, and 011 which neither
scientists nor farmers fully agree. Some
advise digging as soon as possible after
it has been ascertained that the vines
have been struck with rot. Others would
delay for a week or two after the tops
have becomo thoroughly dead. In gen-
eral it may be said that when the vines
are dead tho crop is ready for harvesting,
and if the weather should become wet
tbe tubers would bo better off if stored
away dry than to remain longer in the
ground. Moisture is the chief promoter
of the rot. and it. rarely becomes injuri-
ous before August.
'file stool Vermis the Mat System.
On the trial grounds of the Experi-
ment station at Geneva, N. Y., were
planted for testing two rows of each va-
riety of strawberries, one grown in the
stool system, the other allowed to mat
to the width of two feet, twelve plants
in each row, the rows three feet apart.
Experience in past years has been the
largest individual fruits from the plants
in the stool row, and the largest yield of
marketable fruit from the matted row.
This year tho matted rows gave both the
largest yield and tho largest berries,
and in addition bloomed and fruited
from three to five days in advance of the
stool rows.
N>wr mid NotfM.
Thousands of cattle have died this sea-
son for lack of grass and water in Ari-
zona, New Mexico and portions of Colo-
rado, where a prolonged drought has
occurred.
One of tho cheapest and best made
fountains is an ordinary flower pot re-
versed into a glazed saucer. Fit a cork
into the hole of the pot, fill it with water
and reverse it.
The condition of tho corn crop is low-
est in the eastern part of the ()hio val-
ley and relatively high in the com states
further west.
There is to bo a competitive exhibit of
semi-tropical fruits at tho World's fair
between California and Florida.
From Emporia, Kan., come reports of
a mammoth procession of fanners' or-
ganizations headed by the Farmers' Al-
liance, in which some 20,000 persons
joined.
RUNS EASY.
CINS FAST.
Cleans SE (
PERFECTLY
Makes FINE
8AMPL£.
NEVER CHOKES or
BREAKS THE ROLL
THE CELEBRATED
COTTON Q ||^
BLOOM
Has All LATEST IMPROVEMENTS
including Hiilaiitw %1'liwl on Mriiftlt which in*
«urea even apeetf. Tht# fVtuurv ia peculiar *o
this make of Gin and ia need on no other. An
li LM Ml AKAVrr.KUaud Al«* IH-IU<••««!
I'KDi: or IKKIUIIT at any K. R. Station or
*he landing of any Regular Steamboat Line in
the South. If we have no Agent near you,
addrvHM the Qeneral Souther Agent,
H.WHUBBARDVvVVYsNÉV.
'OSGOOD'
U. 8. Standard
SCALES
tauTOsnuL
FrelghtPald. Fully Warranted. 3Tont39
other slrefl Wo portion Httl y low. Airentu well paid. Send
for 111. eutiuoguo. AcMivkh II. W. Oen'l Agent
Halla*. Texan. Ku4.i1 vea, Bolton, M Mb. IJ in . Belting. Ati
B1NCHAMTQN.
Atkins' Battle Snake Oil
My middle Anger whs don bled u
with hiikumatihm forreara. Toda;
ilt la straight. Prom the uso of It
wlli. d. scooln
None Pennine without the nn.tii
The Panhandle
Machinery aid Improvement]!!*.
Ml! the
f-amous U. S, Solio W
Y
Í:
Wind M1U ever «old in Texa . Lrajp
stroke, durable. N mill ever before of-
fered baa given suoh satisfaction. Bead
lor catalogues.
The aboTe Company are State Agente tot
theoelebiated Halladay Wind Mills, Salea
Plimps, Farquhar Engines, Eureka Wind
Mills, etc. Have always on band a full lino -
ei Machinery Supplies, Brass Goods. Belt-
ing, Pipe, Well Casing, Well Drills, etc.
Contract to fürnlsh entire mill, gin ®r
water-tank outfit*. Get their price*. IS
you need anything In machinery line, yos<
can aave money by *o doing.
,*, Uve agent* wanted In every ,%
county In the atate.
Address the
PUMKDK mm IIIPROVUEIT C0*
Ftrt Worth, Tu
H. H- HAMILTON,
Wall Paper, Window Glass, Paints, Oils;
▲ rtlttts' Materials, Piotura Frames, Bto,
*^47 TOlm wtreet PaUat. Vmxi
The BE ST on Earth |||
for the Money.
SCUPPER TRICYCLE
(• constructed entirely of 8teel.wrought
and malleable Iron. NO WOOD NO
CA8T IRON. Turns 11 perfectly square cornor
ivltlioiitriilNlti3 out of tl>"(jromul. linn more modurn-
Improvement)! thimuny • iow tundo. It Ih not achi>ni>
flow, but tlielii'Kt 011 riirth for the money. HIilpfM'rt
anywhere to rruponstblr incii lo opcriitc HRfilnnl ftll
others. If your denier don't bundle ll,and won't order
one for you, write us dlreet. Tlio world enn't beat It.
In Texntt Idiiek llox Wnllow nor In windy lund Illus-
trated Catalogue Willi teNllnionlitls free. Address
the Manufiielurerx.
PARI.IN AORENDORFF CO..Dallas,Tel.
•Frisian Stock Farm,
FERRIB, ELLIS OO., TEX.
h rue dors of Thoroughbred and QrndMV
Holaticn-Fresitui Cattle.
ALSO
Houdan and Plymouth Rock Chidu*
Eggs, $1.00 for 13.
Cattle for salo on rhl* farm are rully hood-
cllmatcd. Tbono ar< the onttle for Texas-
1 and food rustlers. For further Iniormatton, Addrxh. N. J. UOI'V. Manntrer,
"We refer to tho editor of The Met- ury. Ker'l , Tul.
hardy
Protectivu and Ootective Association,
Established ¡11 1881. Head office,
I Jallas, Texas. Branch offices—Atoka,
I. T.; Fort Smith, Ark.; Wichita, Kan^
and Denver, CjI. Agents wanted in
every section of Texas, as well as oth-
er states. For terms, apply to P. & D,
Association, Dallas, Texas.
Doni neglect to send us the descrip-
tion of any stock you have lost in the
last 1 2 or 18 months, as we are finding
numbers of them thai had been given
up, and it will not cost you anything
if we don't find them.
The
Unsolicited Endorsements!.
u131 kivki) it v
SetlTH WEST TEXAS
O.N 'I'll 10 1,1 IN 10 OK TIIJ3
Antonio id Ansas Pass Jl'j,
Stamps this Section as the Finest Agricultural Country in the World.
Fruits, Grapes and Vegetables of all kinds ripen and are ready for market
weeks in advance of any other siction. Lands cheap. Climate healthy
tWKor Information, addi-ons or call on It. W. ANDIIKWB.
A. O. P. A., Bat Antonio, Texas.
TEXAS AND PACIFIC RAILWAY,
THE GREAT POPULAR ROUTE BETWEEN
THE EAST APT ID WEST,
AND THE SHORT LINE TO
New Orleans, and all points in Colorado, Louisiana, Texas and New Mexico*,
Old Mexico, Arizona, California and Oregon, via El Paso.
i'ulliiiHii Paluou Sloi-pifR Cai h dully between si. ijoiiis, Dallar, Korf Worth. R! i'kh.
and New OrlcatiH, without uIiuiiko.
Double l<lne of Sleeping Ours dally, tlirouirb to Ht. I,o Is, via Texarkana and ins
Iron Mountain Itoute.
Onlv Lane offering Choleo or Houm* to I'ontnlntho 8'nitbenst via either T> .*«/«•
ana, Bhievoi ort. or New Orleans.
For maps, time-tables, ticket raie*, and any desired Information, oal) on any of the uo*
agents, or a r sh ^ KJJOAN, Traveling Passenger Agent, Dallas, Texas.
n. w. MoOI'lijOUOH, Genoral PasHergur and Ticket Ag't, Dallas, text
JOHN A. GHANT. iro Vlco-Presldent, Dallas. Texas.
u
The International Route"
X cfe O. 1ST. R. R.
Houston, Galveston, Austin, San Antonio, Laredo, and all points Sbuth and
Southwest Tevas.
short xexasran to tan
REPUBLIC OF MEXICO, via San Antonio and Laredo.
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Dixon, Sam H. The Southern Mercury, Texas Farmers' Alliance Advocate. (Dallas, Tex.), Vol. 9, No. 36, Ed. 1 Thursday, September 4, 1890, newspaper, September 4, 1890; (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth186154/m1/3/: accessed May 22, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .