Civilian and Gazette. Weekly. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 41, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 15, 1857 Page: 1 of 4
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. J for the "
.. j; and* liberal discount made
I forbotb the elty and eoontry papers,
r at a distance may make remltUaess
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BtMlLTON 8T0ART tHUJOHN HKBKV BROWN
TUESDAY. DECEMBER 8, 1857.
UP" The steamer Neptune, C«pt. J. P. Menard,
arrived lut night from Houston, with the follow-
ing psssengers:
Lawrence, Cutían. Grooch, Scott, Hnleoo. aerv'i
&8children, Dervody,Thompson. Harris, Chapel
Biakir and i negroes. Niblett, Brt-mond, Pepkin
and eon. Ravenna, Dagons, Hudspeth, Wagner,
Hpeer , Winfree. Tarner and lad; Mine Baker lliw-
Hobeon. Mr*. Baker and ebild, Mrs Sbipman and
child, Mrs. Hobeon and child, Wm. D. Moody and
lady. Mis Waiklna, Proudfoot, Mrs. Bird, Mine
Johnaon, Mrs. Johnson, and # on deck.
OT The abip National Goard cleared at New
. York for Galveston, Nov. 37. The schooner Flor-
ence cleared for "Brazos" the saine day.
EV In the D. 8. Conrt at Mew Orleans last Sa-
turday the case against the officers of the steamship
Galveston was continued till Monday* at 10 o'clock.
UT Among the numerous failures reported it
England, and observe the name of Gowlse, Heuffel
A Co., American trade, fbr £600,000.
Many fallares are reported from the iron districts.
EV Interior water communication now exists
between the Lakes of the North and the Gulf of
Mexico, across the United States. The schoooner
Aosable, now in this port,came through, by along
and circuitous route whioh we have heretofore des-
cribed. The schooner Badger, cleared at Chicago.
III., for New Orleana, a few days ago, with a cargo
of small fir and pine treee. She was to proceed
through the Illinois and Michigan canal to Pera,
thence by the Illinois and Mississippi rivers to New
Orleans. Chicago ihue has a direct trade by wa-
ter through the Golf of Mexico, ae well as through
the Golf of St. Lawrence.
esses
Mistrial.—At New Orleans the jury in the case
of Jewell, second-mate of the steamship Opeloueas,
were last Friday discharged by Judge McCaleb;
they having been out all night without being able
to agree upon a verdict. It is said that they stood
•even for conviction to five for acquital. Jewell
vas remanded to prison. The trial of the officers
of the Galveston was postponed to Saturday
Law or Jodbkalibm.—The following from the
London Times, concisely expresses what íias the
force of oommon law amongt the journalists:
"No notice can be taken of anonymous chrorau-
nieations. Whatever is intended for insertion must
be authenticated by the name and address' of the
.witter; not necessarily for publication, but as a
guaranty of his good faith. We cannot undertake
to return rejected communications."
' Immisbatioh.—The Marshall Republican says:
Immigration continues to pour in, and onr
■taires are crowded daily with passengers. The
influx of population into Texas this year will be
very great.
The Naoogdoobee Chronicle says that emigrants
continué to pass through that plaoe, and mentions
one having one hundred and forty negroes, togetherlrhat I have seen of it, I think it is infamous. They
with quite a respectable fortuné in the way of finepontrive to get the labor of the ignorant natives for
VOL. XX.
i ——
Editobs Civilian:—I had intended,-and protn-
bed, in a rambling letter I forwarded by ti aohV
" Cbapouta," hence for New Orleans, (whioh, per-
, you have not yet recei ved,) to give you a more
and minute account oi this out-Iandisb conn
han I was enabled todo at that time. It bad
raining since the first of June up to about the
(¿esterday,) and I was, almost of necessity
within doors to the time of writing the l itter
to; since which time, I have been staying
a gentleman by the name of Steele. My resi-
is about 1X miles from Minatitlan, on a
and, when there'is an interval of two hours
between showers, dry, beaotiful prairie. This
neibborbood, or tbeoonntry adjacent, borderingon
travelled route between Minatitlan and Vera
, with the exception of the unoooth appearance
of fhe natives and their habitations, reminds one
much oí the country about Austin, Texas,—
made up of rolling prairie, and timber;—
ever, the reeemblenoe is lost upon a near ap-
, the appearanoe of the timber being unlike.
Tda stranger, one of the most beautiful objects
inibe landscape, ie the different varieties of palm
(abong wbicb I would include the cocoa, although
bating an e: tirely different fruit,) the mangrove,
th(orange, lemon, lime, íapote, papsga, etc. The
c4oa, both on account of the richness and value
ojits fruit and its graceful appearance, would seem
Uolalm the fi'st places among fruit bearing trees.
Ie stem, or trunk of this tree rises often to the
t ght of 60 or 60 feet withont a branch or leaf;
t in is formed a large tuft of feathery-like brsncb-
e| very much like the palm, nestled between which,
i round its fruit. But next, in order, among fruit
t ee, I would neme tbe mangrove, (though I have
■ tseenlta fruit, which makes its appearanoe in
t > month of January,) aa the most magnificent
■ ide-tree I have ever seen. These, and number-
19 others, whose names I cannot recollect, are ea-
i j propagated and reared here, from the fact that
i rill average one or two showers for every day or
t ¡ht in the year, and a donble dose on Sunday
4t what interested me more than, perhaps, any
t ng else of tbe productions indigenous to tbia
entry is tbe coffee plant. Alongside of themi'i-
p (field) where 1 am making a garden, there are
t usands of young trees growing among the na-
13 timber, while those tl>at have attained the age
e two or three years are covered with the fruit.
I re drank of tbe coffee evor since I bave been here,
II I do think that it is, in quality, fully equal to
t "Mocha."
¡"he great travelled route, wbioh passes near by
<' rancia, is fill-d with Indians from morning till
i ;ht, loaded with fruits, «Sso-, from their villeges—
(it-le-Cao, Saconasoa, Chinamaoa, Hualtepan
i suca, San Juan, &o,—bound for Minatitlan, In
I ,t way, strapped to their heads, they will carry
lad sufficient for a mule, for miles, for which
iy will not receive, perhaps, moré than 50 cents ,
one dollar. Everythsng is exceedingly primitive
GALVESTON, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 15. 1857
NO. 4L
iiML ' ■' ' ><> ■ _ „ „
Tbe steamer Island City, Capt. J. H. Ster-
¡ved last night from Houston, with the fol
wing passengers
Hito, Brown, Harmon, Beddick, Smith. Mabley.
Littlcfield, Bridsay, Whitney, Mercer, Thompson,
Mrs, Thompson, Brown and lady, Bradbury and
ohild, Bradbu y, Lewie.
Tbe steamer Gov. Pease is now receiving much
freight (or the Trinity. Though advertising to leave
to-day, she will probably be detained by tbe
norther.
The bark Elisabeth for Bremen sailed oat of port
yesterday. She is to lay outside the bar to receive
the lemainder of her freight.
" We learn from the interior, this morning,
that the recent rains bave been heavy and exten-
sive. Some persons estimate the amount of rain
which has fallen the present month as more than
equal to that of tbe whole of the preceding two
years. The streams are all greatly swollen. The
Brazos is out of its banks above San Felipe, and tbe
roads almost impassable. It is thought by the far-
mers that tbe rains will bave a highly beneficial
effect upon oext year's crops.
Capt. Jno. G. Tod.—The Legislature has passed
and the Governor has approved, a joint resolution
declaring that John G. Tod Is entitled^to the rank
of Captain in the Navy of the late Bepublio ofTexam
under his commission, issued by Pres't Jones. July
8tb 1846, and "that he is properly entitled to a con-
tinuation of his pay from the Congress of the United
States, and should be reoognized by said Govern-
ment ; recommending bis case to the "speoial oon
sideratlon of the Federal Government," and reqnes
ting onr Delegation in Congress to use their influence
to have Capt Tod incorporated in the Navy of the
United States in the same rank whioh be beld at the
time of annexation.
Our readers may not all be aware that Capt. Tod
was denied the benefits of the late act of Congress
appropriating five years balf-pay to the officers of
the Texas Navy.
Diath of Capt. Pattom.—We learn from the
Tyler Reporter that Capt. Robert Patton, comman-
der and part owner of the steamer "Uncle Ben,"
died on the 8d instant,at Green's Bluff, on theSa-
bine river, of typhoid pneumonia. At the time of
bis decease, he was engaged upon his contract for
clearing out the 8abine. Capt. P. was a man of
integrity, great personal worth, and public spirit,
and his loss will be greatly felt.
I am not fully posted up in relation to "peonage,'
, as it is called, the "Mago system," as it is prac-
here and in the mahogany outtings, From
Hempstead, at the terminus of the Houston rail-
road, it a plaoe. We acknowledge the receipt of No.
of Hubby's Hempstead Herald, a small but neatly
printed sheet, whioh evinces the enterprise of its
publisher as well as the growing importance of
Hempstead. We take it that tbe Herald will not
appear regularly every week, for some time to come.
•took, wagons, mule , Ac.
Oou Tins ax Boston,—Tbe Traveller conttii
tile following account of the stagnation in tbe ahí
ping and manufacturing business of Massacbusetl
Nearly two hundred and fifty ships, barks ai
brigs are now in this port, and tbe proppects I]
business are gloomy in the extreme. The low pj
ces of cotton operate to limit greatly the shipment
of that article; the small quantities ot bread
on tbe Atlantic seabord check nearly all Eurip
freight*; the troubles in India and tbe greatstock
here of all India goods, operate most nnfavirfble
against any new enterprises in that quarter; and
there are no charters offered save to a few ports,
such as London and Liverpoo1, to carry to those
markets goods that cannot be sold here it any
price. 8
Our warehouses are crowded with goods from all] .
ports of the world, and particularly from the East
Indies, for which there is no sale, nor will there be
Jor months, such is the complete and entire stsg-
iir manufacturing interests. Some 10
Ton the way here from the Bust In
> new voyages of any consequence are
commenced to that quarter, such are tbe diástreus-
results of all present operations. This cessation
will fiually be a benefit to the trade, in two ways,
tbe first by reducing the exorbitant prices demand
ed in India for their staple*, and next by enabling
as, by-end by, to get rid of the enormous s¿ck
■ow on hand in the market. For small vessels, ¡the
moat profitable business is to haul them up along-
side of the wharf and strip them.
«ton of
diei"
mere song; a certain amount of labor is exacted
from them; they do not fare half as well as our ne-
groes, and when they are worn out, they are turned
adrift to starve;—at any rate, to provide for them-
selves. I do not think any one starves here.
In relation to the advantages whioh this country
presents to Texians, or Northern men, I do not es-
timate them very highly. Unless a man has capi-
tal that will enable him to go into the coffee cul-
ture, with a view to ship it to a foreign market—or
the cultivation of tbe cane—he oan do little. When
a man heara of the extraordinary productions of
this country, (not exaggeri ted); for instance, sugar
oane, 80 feet high*, tobacco, the fluest in the world
ifl#t excepting Cuba), his imagination is exoited,
Ce rosea eight of tbe disadvantages, auch as an ab-
ominable burlesque of a government, the restrict-
ions and impositions upon all commercial oper-
ations, the jealousy of natives and Spaniards, etc.,
he is ready to cry Eureka !
My respect to all tbe boys !
— Yours, truly, UN TUNANTE.
* A friend of mine saw it at Sachell.
Cons roa 1.BAE7 Boors.—Tbe following receipe
from tbe Scientific American has been thoroughly
tested, and is recommended for leaky roofs,point-
ing the baseof chimneys where they come through
tbe roofs, closing cracks in oellar walls, <ftc.:
Am Old Cbdiskb.—Ttie Victory, Nelson's old
imp, was lately pumped high and dry for the par-
póse of examining a lenk—so says a recent London
paper. Her bottom presentad a most singular ap-
pearance, being covered from stem to atern with
pysters, muscles, animalcn'e; upwards of six hund-
red bushels of the finest ofilfgm were detached from
the eopper sbeatbing, some of frhich measured five
bohes in diameter, and were devoured with great
Eby the dockyard workmen. Tbe leak was
to have arisen from a portion of the eepper
ing being worn off; after which; no doubt,
fc worms bad it all their own way, for they bad
—Itlvely eaten an average of three feet. Tbe inner
Of some of the plankings waa found notchioker
i a pieoeof orange peel. Any Shock given to
ship would have allowed the pressure of tbe
to bave broken through In a body, and down
have gone Nelson's old Victory. Her copper
lly in excellent order, and she appears
i she wonld wall last another eentnry.
—A aingu'ar dispute has just arisen
freeoity of Fránkfort and tbe United
The policy-rf iha^Tnrmar city
the réáHSboe there of an old poli-
of the name of Froebsl, who has since
American citizen. M^Bjebel played a
In the evente of lM®r^W*n',eqnence
diction. he iiaasffplied to M- Reicker,
the.merican consul, whoTjas threatened to break
off I relations with tbe>8enate of Frsakfort if it
peraa in maintaining the order of expulsion of a
citlzt of the United States.
■Si* Labob amd Fbbb.—The New-fork Herald
oftMtb Instant says:
Hsi we bave tens of tbousanda of workmen
throwbut of employment in tbe North, seeking
food al finding nond, and aseuasingtheir wrath
in snap threats of violence andraplie; and^ be-
neath tfe ou■ warn ebullition we knof that there
mustbtart numbering families actually in want
of breat In tbe South, on the contrary, there is
ao lack f the neeessariee of lift, no starvation, no
perceptile want; the laborers under «le slave sys-
tem ares well offthis wintsr as they "ere last. In
contrast rtween the relative merits oftbe two sya
tema tbtteature should no be forgot -
Thb Exuimon Pabtt at Dklhi— 'be Bombay
Timea tbwnarratee tbe advance oi >be explosion
party to tk Cashmere Gate, at Del ■ It to equal
to any thinireoorded in ancient or n dern history :
This littll band of heroes had to a< cce in broad
daylight to;he gateway, in the ver; ¡eeth of a hot
Are of mualtry from above, and tl >ogh the gate-
way and on totb flanks, the powder ags were cool-
ly laid and djusted, but Lieut. Sail Id was by this
time kan dé -vmbat, with two bullí in him. Ser-
geant Garwieiael then attempted t ire the train,
bnt waa shot dead. Sergeant But «a then tried
and succeeded but paid for tbe dar g act with hi
lité. Sergeant tmith, thinking that urne-a too had
failed, ran forvard, but seeing the ain alight, had
jest time to ttruw hims If into tl ditoh and es-
' oape the eSeetsoF the explosion. Í th a loud crash
, tbe gateway wa> blown in. aud thi igb it the third
i column rushed to tbe assault, and itered the town
just as "tke «tlier columns bad wf the breaches
feeo. Wilson has since bestowed t Victoria Cross
on Lieets. Home and Sslkeld, onBergeant Smith,
.and on a brave man of H M. Ffty Second, wl-o
Wood by Lieut. 8«Ikeld to the lajc, and bound ap
kia wosada-
"BuW" in Mexico—It appfcrs that tbs qnes-
i of "Slavery" sr "No Slavery'' h-<d much to do
"ie recast con test for Congressional Delegate in the
,.. •itory If New. Mexico, and that by the re- election
of Mr. Otjpo the '•Slavery" pahy triumphed. A
t writing frem Wisp rt, Mo., to the
iqoirer says.'
"I senil jiu the 8anta Fs Gazette, published in
Hew Mex'ev Yon will find it an account of tbe
—^ Dem oeratlp. party of the Territory.—
ort, one Of the Associate Judges ot
tried bis hardest to defeat Otero, the
ie for Congress. The people of
for hie removal.
if It'cottld be done. It is an office
rtant character,
is known that Sr.
an «ttimable mab, is in
Davenport, Bair-
it and this is tbe eommeoee-
New Mexico ie bound to be
, tblnean thousand be-
lt nine tboueand to four
"Sisters'cement for stopping leaks around chim-
neys, is compacted of linseed oil, whiting, ground
glass and some brlok dust. It is good cement for
tbia purpose; also for closing the joints of stone
atepe to bouses.
Five years ago we applied a cement composed of
white lead paint, whiting and dry white sand to a
small tin roof that leaked like a seive, it soon he
came nearly as hard as stone, has never scaled off,
and has kept the roof since then perfectly tight.—
It was put on about the consistency of thin putty."
Cuba.
Tbe Washington " Star," an Administration pa-
per, and usually well posted, says:
" We incidentally remark in another connection
to-day, that the acquisition of Caba is the great
iresent purpose of our country. Though little has
>een said of late in the newspapers upon the sub-
ject, there never was a time when it occupied more
of the public thought. Every succeeding boor, and
eaob succeeding political and industrial event of
importance in Western Europe, the United and
Central and South America, makes its necessity to
Our future more apparent to all etatesmen. That it
is the great event to wbicb tbe present Administra-
tion looks forward, aa to be tbe brigbteef'jewel in
tbe orown of its policy, those will realizs who re
remember the President's earnestness upon tbe sub-
ject ere his elevs'ion to bis present position. Thst
in its success is involved resultBof more importsnce
to the two great sections of the confederacy—poli
tical, so far as tbe South is concerned, and indus-
trial as 'o the North—than any othar living ques-
tion, all, also, realize, who remember, that even
John Quincy Adams looked forward to it aa the
great consummation of Ameriean statesmanship,
for the benefit of our whole oountry, which should
never be lost sight of by its Government.
" Political events in Europe have, of late, rapid-
ly tended towards placing Spain in a position where
in her paramount interests will compel her to listen
to reason on the subject; w ile on this side of the
Atlantic, the weakness of our neutrality law, as
manifested in the impunity of flllibusterism, has
been tending to defeat tbe advantages accruing to
ue through the tendency of affairs in Spain.
" A league of sentiment exists against us through-
out Spanish. America, the result of the lawless and
murderous acta of Walker and hia followers, that
cannot fail to postpone tbe day wben Cuba shall he
ours. But for the effect of Walker's raids, tbe path
to a hapi y settlement of the Cuba question with
Spain wonld at this moment be open to us ; that,
however, is a barrier wbioh oan now be overcome
only hy-<long, patient and persistent labor on the
parr, or the great minds in tbe Presidential ohair
and the State Department, backed by the earnest
sympathy of the rest of the Cabinet and Congress,
an well as the American press, which is at this mo-
ment more unanimous for the acquisition than ever
before Tor an important measure of'nation policy."
Am Old Spobtskam om bib wat to Tbxas.—One
of tbe New York Herald's correspondents has met
in the Far West with that great Irish sportsman,
Sir George Gore, whose hunting adventures in the
Bocky mountains, conducted as they were, upon a
gigantic scale for the amus-ment of one man, prob-
ably exceeded anything of the kind ever before at
tempted on this side of (he Atlantic. Everything
that a sportsman could possibly require, in the way
ot shooting, flablng, eating and drinking, was pro-
vided in tbe greatest profusion, and all transported
in safety to tbe theatre of his exploits. He says :
Some faint idea may le formed of tbe magnitude
of bis equipment when I tell yon tbat his extensive
retinue contained a secretary, assistant secretary,
clerk, guide, fly-maker, banters, cooks, Ac., &c.;
in all, numbering about fifty men, with thirty wag-
ons, numerous saddle horsta. dogs, 4c., aud sup.
plies to correspond. Sir George remained nearly
three years in this country, and, with the except-
ion of one wibter, which be ipent near Fort Laramie,
was entirely secluded from the world, aud niost as
siduonsly engaged in his favorite sport of hunting.
An accurate account of the «mount of game "bag-
ged" was kept by his clerk,and during one season
tbe results were as follows: 123 grisly bears, 3,500
buffaloes, besides numerous elk, black-tailed deer
and antelope—in all amounting to the enormous
aggregate of 8.600 animals, tone of wbicb were
smaller than the antelope.
I bad tbe deasure of meeting thia modern Nim-
rod in St. Louis, and waa highV entertained with
a narration of some of his expltits, wbicb almobt
equal those oTJHit «n CummiBj in Africa.
He also shouitotditia equipment of beautiful
guns of various patterns and cal rea, suited to tbe
destruction of all kinds of game! from an English
snipe to a grisly besr, and among them I observed
the names of Fürdv, Mantón and other celebrated
makera. Hia outfit must, indeed, have been most
oomplete.
After becoming cloyed with rpot in the moun-
taina, and killing every variety of,tbe largest and
WEDNESDAY, DEC. , 1857.
Soothers Fbcits.—Col. Hebron at Legrance,
Miss., has extensive nurseries and orchards. His
pear orchards contain 10,000 bearing trees, and
stretch out for a mile and a half. There are also
about 5>00O peach, and about theBame number of
apple trees. His fruit crop last year was shipped
to various markets between New Orleans and Chi-
cago, and sold at the rate of from $4 to$5 per box
of three-fourths of a bushel. In addition to tbe
sales of fruits when fresh, Col. Hebron puta up
large quantities in their own juice, in hermeticalk-
sealed cans. He prepares preserves and jellies,
with whicb be supplies Hie Southern markets to a
considerable extent. There is also a distillery eon-
verting the waste fruits into apple and peach bran-
dies. ■ _
It is expected that tbe sale of young fruit trees
will amount to $15,000 during the present season.
Cotton is considered tbe best crop for orchard
culture, as by tbe process of growing that plant
the trees are kept perfectly clean. Twenty feet
apart is the usual standard for all varieties, and (be
cotton planted in these spaces yields about half a
crop annually.
It is with unfeigned sorrow that we announce the
sudden and untimely demise of our worthy fellow-
citizen, John A. McDade, who met a watery grave
in the Brazos river on Saturday evening last The
circumstanoes which led to this melancholly acci-
dent, briefly, as related to us are, that Mr. M., was
returning from Hempstead to his home; on ap-
proaching the landing of the ferry (McDade's) be
lailed the ferryman and drove his horse and bug-
gy,down the embankment intending no doubt, to
halt near where the boat would land, theroa 1 being
very wet and slippery and the buggy difficult for
the horse to hold back rushed into the river. Mr.
M. rained the horse around to the bank, and in
doing so, became over balanced and fe|l out. The
home reached the landing with the buggy, but tbe
body of Mr. M. has not, as yet, been found, al-
though every exertion has been made by his num-
erous Iriend- to find it.S'enham Enqairtr.
American Colleges.—The oolleges in the United
States number one bandred and twenty, though
some of these are mere nominal colleges—some of
them with small buildings, but no charters—somé
with full obarters, and no buildings. Of these, six-
teen are under the direction of the Baptists, seven
are Episcopalian ; thirteen are Methodist: eleven
are Catnolic; while in most of the remainder the
religions sect having tbe oontrol is either Presby-
terian or Congregationalism These one bandred
and twenty oolleges have one thousand professors,
and about eleven thousand, seven hundred students,
tn the New England colleges, last year, there were
two thousand, one hundred and Bixty-three stu-
dents, of whom about one-sixth were reported as
preparing to become preachers, and one-third church
members.
If the same ratio holds good throughout the
country, there would be among the 1,855 students
in the Baptist colleges, 451 professors of religion,
and 226 studying with the mioisuy in view. In the
676 students in Episoópal colleges, there are 1 2 pro-
fessors. and 96 studying for the ministry. In the
982 students in Methodist colleges, there are 827
professors, and 168 purposing to preach. In colle-
ges under the Keiormed Dutch, Presbyterian and
Congregational influence Of the 7,703 stndentB, 2,-
570 would be professors, 1,285 studying for tbe
ministry.
There are in the States 44 theological seminaries,
with about 1,852 students mconnection with them.
Or these, 225 a^e in the Congregational, 49 in Pres-
byterian; 40 in Methodist, and 270 in Baptist sem-
inaries. Adding to this number in the tbeologoi-
cal seminaries the estimated number in the colleges,
we have an aggregate of 11,978 who are in oolleges
or seminary preparing to accupy the Protestant pal
pit.
The law is generally tbe net tbat catches all who
are not if such profession as consiste with the cleri
cal office, and lew, very few, enter oollege with the
expectation of study and fiually practicing medi-
cine. Neither are law schools the popular aven-
ues to the bar. There ware last year on ly about
500 law students in all tbe 16 law schools of the
StateB. As attendance upon two course of lectures
made é'ssentiall to the obtaining of a medical de-
gree, the medical schools are for more largely at-
tended. The number last year matriculated was
some 6,700.
Agricaltural Sducallon.
[For the C ivilian & Gaietta.
Naturally and most intimately allied with agri-
cultural instruction to prepare the mini of our
people for social advancement, it tke physical eduoa-
tion of tbe young generation, so necessary for the
full play and development of all the faculties in
due progression, with wbicb the Creator has endow-
ed the Creature.
I enter upon any suggestion in support of this
proposition with uufeigned diffidence, for it is the
noblest field of labor upon which the mind, the
tongue, and the pencil, can be employed; and I sin-
cerely hope tbe few hints I shall now offer may sink
deep into the publio sympathies and lead to a radi-
cal change, at once and forever, in tbe training
given to onr youth. Then may we hope, and not till
then, to check that career of vice and consequent
enervation, which have marked the progress of
modern civilization, I may be called a dreamer or
an idle enthusiast upon this subject, bnt I shall a)
ways proclaim, thai itis education alone which forms
and gives character to the man; and if bis nurture
and bis training in childhood be determined, vir-
tuous aud christiau-like, bo will his conduct be ex-
alted, bis mind ennobled and bis positions become
more honorable in this life and rendered immortal
among' the just made perfeot" in the life to come.
If I do not err in memory, it was the first Casar
upon whom was conferred the crown of laurel by
tbe Roman Senate, and it was well satirized, when
it was said to be intended to cover his baldness as
well as mark his imperial rank. So it is with edu-
cation, in the present day, being rather intended to
hide deformities by a shining exterior than to excel
in those manly efforts which at once proclaim a< d
adorn the man , made after God's own image. The
highest distinction to which we have aspired in t-bis
age of national advancement has been to prooure
for tbe young student a liberal and polite educa-
tion,set off by gentlemanly appearanoes, and graced
withal by a courteous address ; and if we find any
man, over-topping this model, tbé history of his
early life will disclose a more Spartan-life training,
and bis education fashioned more after tbe law of
that glorions little Republic.
If we desire to have our children free from ruin-
ous and fashionable vices, we mint begin to train
the young vine in the way it should run, when the
first tendrils put forth, or it will soon be encircled
by the wild ivy of dissipation, scattered over the
land, and to check its growth then would be to de-
stroy tbe fruit-bearing plant. How often have the
voluptuaries of fashionable life, wben the sense of
reflection has been restored to their bewildered
niinds, and freed from guilty repinings, been heard
to declare their envy of the honest laborer, who,
after the toilsome task of tbe day,: has sunk upon
his homely couch and quietly and peacefully em-
braced repose.
In a conversation, a few days since, with a learned
nd'pious Priest, who bad recently returned from his
native France, he remarked, whilst conversing up-
on the subject of education, in which he takes a deep
interest, that in nothing bad the Emperor shown
his wisdom and statesmanship moré than in tbe
new school Bystem he had modelled for the Empire,
of which the most favorable notice had been taken
in the Frenoh literary circles; and the worthy father
of one of our cbnrcbes has promised me some trans
lations ; and from a rapid review which he gave of
the outlines of this system, agricultural and pbysi
caí education were tbe leading features in the great
sóbeme, wbicb, even at this moment has made an
impression in favor of the stability of society, and
strengthened Napoleon's position, and if the Spirit
of despotism is smothered in the head of the nation
may yet redeem and regenerate a noble race of men,
whose beautiful land has been bo often and so fatal-
ly the victim alike of desj otism and anarchy—of
religious fanaticism and unbridled pasBions.
But to return to the theme under immediate con
sideration—that system of education, which shall
advance the phya'cal and mental subject at an equal
pace, having a. tendency to strengthen the bonds
of society at the same time, the health and happi-
ness of all wboembraceit, willbegreatly improved
and enlarged! It is in support of this proposition
that I shall close this nUmher, and it may he, not
trouble you farther with any additional reflections
of mine. .
In several of the governments of Europe, this
system is receiving the direot consideration and
supportof the political powers; and I believe Sweden
has taken the first step towards carry'r g out tbe
plaii fully with a view to test its practical useful-
ness. Every detail Of this system is laid down by
law to tbé teachers, under surgical guidanoe, which
may insure the best physcial training in connection
with such other branches of learning as are usually
tougbtin primary institutions. Even some Colleges
the United Slates, have ventured to recommend,
if not to adopt, physical advancement as an element
of education. They have at last awakend to the.
fact that not only the body, but tbe mind, is largely
improved by muscular exercise. They have ceased
considér that a man of power must be small in
physical stature, when large in intellect; and we
must therefore believe that the examp es, usually
cited to prove this absurd theory, are only excep-
tions to the contrary rule. Such natural abortions
have become great, not by reason of, but in despite
of their dwarfed bodies.
If we will compare the lofty displays of intel-
lectual labor, so manifested by the Grecian and
Roman writers and orators (and that too in the
pastoral ages of the world) with the feeble but
ornate efforts of modern scribblers and speech-
makers, we can not find a stronger or more con-
vincing reason than the difference which existed
then and now in the bodily and mental discipline;
We know that gameB in those good old times were
instituted for public amusement, aud all Classes
were allowed to contend for tbe prizes—not cards,
billiards or dice—but running, wrestling; or riding,
and other amusements equally innooenl and health-
ful. A Bonud body was supposed in that day to
contain a sound mind,as a sound price, once upon
time in England and here, demanded a sound
article—but that salutary doctrine of law was sur-
rendered of the old Latin preoept first noticed, and
nothing but a special warranty can now relieve tbe
dupe from the grasp of the sharper.
It íb these Innovations upon those good old times,
remarkable for the sturdy growth of tbe races and
their gigantic mental efforts, and the substitutions
of a system of effeminacy in all whioh pertains to
man's estate, tbat I would raise my voice, not that
am an exception to, but a victim of, this decay in
the growth Of man. We are now in the seed-time
of bur existence as a State, and we may, by timely
action, briug back that period of prowess and solid
attainment of which all nations have boasted, and
but few or none have followed the example. So
mtoeitbe.
Virginia Point. De". 8,1857. W. J. J.
A Wbeok.—The wreck Of a vessel, which has, to
all appearaaoe, been recently lost, íb reported by
the outer bar pilots to have been seen on the Sonth
Beach, six or seven miles to tbe Eastward of Mo-
bile Point yesterday. The beacb for some distance
along is literally strewed with portions of the wreck
from which a lot of D. S. clothing, a compass, bar-
rel of bread, keg of molasses, and a lot of papers
and receipts have been recovered. Upon the latter
the name of the schooner North Star is found, aud
it is presumed from this, that she is the unfortunate
vessel.—Mobile ith inst.
An approximate idea may be formed of 'he enor-
mous burthens under which the people of Great Bri -
tain labor, from tbe fact that the entire debt of the
ünitéd States and that of all the States combined
i* n«t equal to the interest on the English national
debt.
No man can be a gentleman who would wound
or mortify another. No matter how refined, how
cultivated he may be, he is iu reality ooarse, and
the innate vulgarity of his nature manifests itself
here. Uniformly kind, courteous and polite treat-
ment of all persona is one mark of a true gentle-
man.
■ rise above tbe earth
dfr ontil beyo.
void, it ia estimated __
">< * fomid.ble animals found .thar*. Si, George
proposes to winter in-Texas, and abuse blmaelf in
hunting deer and other email game.
He briuga with him a boat of tropUee, which will
furniab him vitA ample vetabais toj bl perferm-
Tbitles.—In the moral world, God employs
events seemingly most trivial to accomplish results
the most stupendous; aa In the natural world he
has reared barriera of sand to protect a cape or a
continent from tbe wearing encroachments of ocean.
Silver.—Thia ia the most brilliant of metels.—
You may know when silver is pure by beatingit in
a common fire, or in the flame of a candle; if it is
alloyed, it will become tarnished; bnt if it be pure
■ilver it will remain perfectly white.
A hurricane oocurred in Alamos, Sonora, on tbe
6th, which destroyed a vast amount of property.—
It was felt in Lower California, where it destroyed
•11 the cropa.
Monument To Gen . Wobtb.—The snb-Commit-
tee of the Boards of Aldermen and Council-men
of the city of New York, in relation to the itiaugu
ratio!? of the Worth monnment, went to Green-
wood Cernen tery a few days since for the purpose
of making arrangements for the removal of the re-
mains, At the old receiving vault, where the re-
mains of Gen Worth have lain since November 16 ,
1849, the pine box containing the body was opened.
The coffin waB made of'f ab-'gany, covered with
black Bilk velvet; there was a row of silver-plated
sorewheads all around the edge and shields, with
wreaths of silver plate on the sides; the Shields in-
Scribed "Monterey," "Chippewa," "Niagara,"
and "Florida;" also a nnmber of stars. A silver
bullion fringe hung below the screws. A coat of
arms beneath a circle of thirty stars—the nnmber
of the St tes in 1849- ornamented the head, "U. S
A." the foot of the lid, al) in silver-plate, and a
solid-silver name-plat occupied the centre. There
were also a Freemason's apron and a few box sprigs
lying on the coffin. The inscription on the plate
-read:, v
MAJOR GENERAL W. J. WORTH,
died at han antonio,texas
May 7, 1849,
aoed 55 Yeabs.
The Committee resolved that the coffin should
remain unopened, and in every respect as it was,
but that it should be placed witbiu another coffin,
a fac-timils of itself, with an additional star added
for a new State, and encased in a strong pine box
when pat within the monument. The coffin will
be placed on the catafaque drawn by eight white
horses, in such a manner that it can be seen from
all points along the line of the procession. The
body will b¡? brought privately from Greenwood
and remain over night in the Governor's room un-
der a guard of honor.
Insulta, saya a i
tarfeit money; \
btttwearai
il nhiloaopher, are like conn,
t binder tbem being oflered
ItoukatlMB.
Labob Movement or Gbaim.— The New York
Journal Of Commerce publishes a statement show
ing tbe number of ships which have loaded with
grain and sailed, or will sail from that port during
the present month for Europe. Tbe aggregate
quantity of grain included in the statement is about
1,600,000 bushels. Last year, in November, while
the extraordinary abipments of grain were taking
plaoe, the nnmber of grain vewela which left New
York was but forty-one, whereas it Ia calculated
that no lesa than rirfy-n will sail before tbe pree-
eol«ontti espirea. ' -
rrecseilafS o( tbe City Council.
Galveston, Dec. 7th,1857.
Reoulab Meeting :—Present, L. A. Thompson,
Mayor; Aids. Atchison, BeiBener, Lidstone, Lufkin
League, Menard, Mageen, Sydnor and Shields.
The minutes of the last regular meeting were read
and approved,
The petition of N. Dalton waa read and, on mo-
tion, rejected.
The petition of F. W. G. Odam, was read and, on
motion, laid upon the table.
The petition of sundry citizens of Srd Wsrd
read and referred to Fire Department Committee.
The reports of the City Offioers was rea^ and re
ferred to the Finance Committee.
The report of Street Inspector was read and ap
proved, and accompanying bills passed for pay
ment.
The report of the Hospital Physician was read
and approved, and accompanying bill passed for
payment.
The report of the Finance Committee on Mr.
Prichard's claim was received and adopted.
The Fire Department reported the election of
Mr. W. J. Sanderson as Chief Engineer of said
department whereupon the election was unani-
mously approved by the Counoll.
On motion of Aid. Lidstone it was;
Resolved, That the City Marshal shall on the
17th inst., proceed to enforce tbe closing of the Tax
list of the present year by levy, advertisement and
sale as prescribed by the Charter and Ordinances
of tbe City. Also in the same advertise for sale to
the highest bidder all the lots heretofore bought in
by the City for Taxes.
On motion of Aid. League it was
Resolved, That the expediency of prohibiting the
sale of meats, vegetables &c., previous to the hour
of opening tbe market be referred to che Cornmitteé
on Markets, with leave to report by bill or Other
wise.
On motion of Aid. Sydnor It was
Resolved, That a Special Committee be appointed
whose business it shall be to awsertain whether any
properly has been ereoted in the City, so material-
ly benefitting the City, that they may recommend
a reduction of the taxes on the same. The vote of
this resolution is as follows:
Ayes—Lufkin, League, Menard, Shields and
Sydnor.
Nays—Atchison, Beissner, Lidstone and Ma-
geean.. .
The Committee consists of Messrs. Sydnor, Me-
nard and LUfkin.
On motion of Mr. Shields it was
Resolved, That Mr. S. Southwick be allowed
eight per cent, interest for eleven months on • tbe
draft on the City Treasury in Ub possession.
On motion of Mr. Sydnor it was
Resolved, That the Mayor order an election to
be held in Ward No.11, to fill the vacancy oiiunod
by the election of Aid. Thompson to the Mayor-
alty.
On motion, an appropriation of $50 for contin-
gent fund was made by tbe Counoil.
The following bills were audited and passed for
payment:
To A. Pitt and others, Streets 1156 00
S. B. Hurlbut, Hospital Physician 29100
Wm. Shields, Market 89 50
L. M. & F. Hitchcock Life Boat Company 10 79
" " " " Engine Company No. 2. 5 48
H. Rosenberg, L'fe Boat Company 2 SO
Brown & Eirkland, Fire Department 1 25
C. F. Schmidt, Engine Company No. 2. 8 50
Britting Market 1 00
R'ce & Baa lard and others, Hospital 4 95
H L. Conner & oth< rs, Office & Night Watch 21 83
Lidstone & Co., Streets 11 10
H. Martin, Engine Company No. 2. 2 00
T. Fritchard, Judgment and cost 86 95
On motion, the Council adjourned till the next
regular meeting.
CHAS. E. THOMPSON, Seot'y.
Utility or Pebfdmeb in tbe Sick Chambers.—
A recent writer has pointed out that tbe oders which
we dialike are overpowered by others more agree-
able, but tbat the former are neither removed or
destroyed ; and that the Invalid continues to Inhale
them in npite of the warning given by his sense of
their injurious effects. This leads to the inferencé
that the best means of removing a bad odor from a
room is by proper ventillation. A fire in the grate,
and the door left á-jar, or the window open top and
bottom about an inch, will quickly change the at-
mosphere in the apartment; the vitiated air will
flow up the flue, while fresh air will come in at the
various portals. There are, however, instances
when "the doctor" and "the nurse" positively pro
bibit the fresh air; for they consider "a draught"
tu certain death to the patient. It is on such occa-
sions as these that the proper use of fragrant sub
«'anees is beneficial, not only because they hid3 the
tiyal odeur, but because—what is far more import-
ant—they act as a prophylactic in the atmosphere.
The odorous substances of flowers are all antiseptic
in a high degree, and being diffused into an atmos-
phere Charged with malarious gases, they destroy
their poisonous effeots. Fresh air, however, is the
best pbyBio for an invalid, and the means of obtain-
ing it aré those which we háve suggested.
Nioelt Done.—At a certain eating house a day
or two since, a very lean, oadaverous looking mor
til, was so allured by the inviting appearance of a
ten pound turkey, all done up in "fixings," that he
unconsciously uttered the ejaculation that he could
eat It up in ten minutes. "Wbat'll you bet you
can I" asked a snob, standing at the door. The
'lean and hungry Cassius" immediately responded.
'Wjll you pay for it I" "Yes," "Well, then, I'll
bet you a drink." "It's a bet," said snob. The
lean man immediately set to. The choicest part of
the tat and savory monster were consumed with a
most en viable relish, but upon the expiration of the
ten minutes be found himself stuffed up to the brim,
and the turkey not a third demolished. Rising very
ooolly be acknowledged that he conld'nt go it, and
(jnite as colly forked over twelve and a hulf cents
tor two whisky toddies— lost wager. Snob looked
blank upon being suddenly strnck with the idea
that he had been done up in adecidedly cheap pac-
kage, paid down two and a half dollars for the tur-
key, and left his friend enjoying digestion and a
>rime Smoke by the stove, considerably the better
¡br a first rate dinner.— Pittsburg Dispatch.
Vocal Machinery or Bied's.—It is difficult to ao-
connt for so small a creature as a bird making a tone
as loud as some animals a tousand times its size;
but a recent discovery has shown that in birds the
lungs have several openings communicating with
corresponding air bags or cells, whioh fill tbe whole
cavity of the body from the neck downward, and
into which the iir passes and repasses in the pro-
gress of breathing. This is not all: the very bones
are hollow, from which air pipes are conveyed to
tbe most solid parts of the body , even into the quill-
and leathers. The air being rarified by tbe heat of
their body, adds to their levity. By forcing the air
out of the body, tbey can dart down from tbe greatest
heights with astonishing velocity. No doubt tbe
same machinery forms the baHis of their vocal pow-
ers, and at onie resolves the mystery.— Gardener's
Music of Nature.
Some queer fellow, down at Bangor, has sent an
old Indian, 70 years of age, traveling round, with
a subscription paper, thus: " Joseph Newell, son of
tbe late Lewis, Paul Newell, having lost all his
property by theiiailing of Grocers' Bank, and unfor-
tunate speculations in Musquash, ie compelled to
call on his friends to help him 'winter.' Joe is an
honest Indian, drinks no rum, and wants to live
as long as his father, who dried up and hlowed
away at the advauoed age of 116 years. Give the
critter a dime and pass bim along."
The official vote of the State of New York at the
recent election shows the Democratic majorities for
Controller, Treasurer, Attorney General, Stale En-
gineer, Canal Commissioner and Inspector of Pris-
ons, to average about 17,400 each, while the majority
for Secretary of State reaches 18,236, and Judge of
Appeals 18,063.
THUKSUAY, DEC. 10. 1867
0* The steamer Neptnne Capt. P. J. Menard
arrived last night from Houston, with .108 bales of
ootton and the following passengers:
Mr. Dickenson, Hoi lis, Franklin, Capt. Kara, B
Martin, Firman, Filly, Stewart, Gerodom, Deerier,
Hebart, Chriswell, Sellara Baker, Lockett, Jacat,
Miss Grant, Isabel and lady, Brown and lady Miss
Hale,and Son deck.
0T The steamer Betty Powell, Capt. Mauok
arrived last night from Liberty with the following
passengers: Mr. Laoom and Miller.
The Powell reports a rise of 10 feet at Liberty and
tbe steamer J. H. Bell at Wallisville, waiting for
a tide to cross tbe bar.
Tbinity Rivbb.—The Liberty Gazette learns that
the Trinity again began to rise rapidly at Smith-
field Friday. Intelligence from the upper ooaatry
is highly favorable for a good river. The Palestine
Advocate, ofDeoember 2,says : "On Friday night,
27th nit., it commenoed pouring down rain at
Liberty, and continued without a momentos inter-
mission until Saturday noon. A portion of the
time it came down in perfeot torrents, and all tbe
streams in this vicinity were swollen to the magni-
tude of small rivers, and the roads were so cut op
as to be rendered almost impassable for vehicles.—
The Mail stage from Crookett due at Liberty
on Satnrday night, oould not get through on acoount
of the waters, and it was with muoh difficulty that
the stage from Rusk made the trip. The Gazette
adds:
As might be very naturally conoluded, the Tri-
nity river commenced rising a day or two since,
and we learned yesterday that fears wére entertained
of an o verflow. There will certainly be a sufficiency
of water for any class boat, and tbe ootton is being
hurried to the different Bluffs on the river, to be
ready for shipment by the first boat. Several flat-
boats loaded with cotton, have also got <ff for the
lower river, and others will Boon follow in their
wake.
Olb Bbazobia.—The editor of the Houston Tele-
graph, who spent several years as a oitizen of that
county, publishes a long and interesting article to
show that her resources and prosperity supass those
of any other county in the State, the nnmber of in-
habitants considered. He quotes from the Asses-
sor's returns for 1847 the following schedule of tax-
able property in the county; ?
860 .884 acres of land, worth $1 665.760
Town lots 143.500
4.188 negroes.... 2,128 8*>
8 998 h rses 16 .74"
58,456 cattle.... ................ 2"l,0o0
Money at interest................... 62 240
Merchandize. 59 20Ó
Miscellanexus ..... 152.878
Property out of county 887 858
$5.487.466
The vote for governor in August was 407, which
gives $18,456 to each voter. The Telegraph Says
that in a good crop year Brazoria produces:
7,000 hhds. of sngar, worth, at $50,
per. hhd $850 000
10,000 bbls molasses, at $10 per obi 100,000
4,(100 bales of co'ton, at $50 per bale 200,000
10,000 bead of cattle, at $5 50.00o
Other produce, including corn, &o. 100.000
$800,000
This divided among 407 voters gives $1,965 to
each voting citizen.
The Telegraph is not satisfied to stop with the
statistics of property ; but shows that tbe human
race does not deteriorate amid this abundance, and
the absence of physical labor, vouchsafed to the
citizens of Brazoria. That paper says—
She points back to the Wbartons and Jack and
Stephen F. Anstin of old times. She siso points
with pride to the retiring executive of the State,
who was a citizen ot hers, and has been the best
governor we have had. To the representative of
the Western District in Congress, who has always
lived within ber borders; to the Jndge (Bell) of her
district, who was born beneath one of her own live
oaka; and reared Upon her soil; to her representa-
tive in the legislature, another of her native sons;
to the Chief Justice of Galveston county, who is
still another; and for yet another, who bears and
worthily bears the name of the gallant Wharton,
who has already been District Attorney, will she
soon ask room among the useful men to the State.
Tbinity Bab.—We learn from Mr. E. B* Settle
Assistant State Engineer, that Capt. Bradbury has
completed bis contract for opening a channel for
steamboats through the bar at the mouth of the
Trinity river, known aB Spalding's Pass. The
channel is 66 feet wide, and 5% feet deep at ordi-
nary tidés—being equal to the water on Bed Fish
bar, over whioh boats coming from the river must
pass in order to reach this city. A number of
steamers, including the Betty Powell, Jenkins and
Gov. Pease—the latter with 702 bales cotton—have
already passed through the new channel without
difficulty. The work is well done, and being pro-
tected by piling at the Northwest or upper end, to
turn away the driftwood, it is thought that this pass
will remain open for a long period without further
labor upon it.
Souvenibs or Tbavel.—We understand that a
copy of Mrs. Levert's book has been sent to our ad-
dress; hut somé literary pirate must have intercepted
by the wsy, as it lias never come to band. Tbe
papers speak of it as a very pleasant and interesting
work. The travels embrace a European tour extend-
ing to Englund, France, Spain, Italy, Germany,etc.
The authoress saw much of the best society in those
countries, and a Philadelphia paper says ber "Sou-
vinirs of Travel will be read and admired, not for
their careful and elaborate detail, not for their orr
iginality and force, but because it is a simple, un-
pretending, ingenious record of the impressions of
gifted, lovely and grateful woman."
Direct Trade.
One of the effects of the reoent flnanoial embar-
rassments at the North has been to increase tbe
amount of direct shipments of Southern produce to
the consumers in Europe, thus avoiding the eir-
cuitoua route, and heavy incidental expenses of
shipping by way of Northern porta. The fact that
all the cotton from the northern manufactoriee
themselves has been shipped to Europe, 1s enough
to justify the South in thie courte, and ahow to the
most incredulous that our real market, for the
present at least, ia not at this side of tbe Atlantic.
The madmen of Massachusetts, at le< gth begin to
see what they have owed to the Sonth. Tbe
tion of operations in her manufactories haa led to a
vast emigration of citizens, while adversity and
want have overtaken thoee who remain. The
shipping and commercial intereata are suffering in
common with the manufacturing. While tbe poli-
tical preachers of the North and their blind fol-
lowers are boasting their independence ofthe Sonth
ande preaching a ornsade in favor of tbe dissolution
of the Union, is not the present a favorable time to
remind them of what tbe Union, and particularly
the North, with her manufaoturiee, ships, and
trade, owes to the South. The Report of tbe Secre-
tary of the Treasury shows that for the flsoal year
1856 the total exporte of the United States were
$266,488,061. Of this sum $147,178,964 were ex
oiuBively for Southern products. Adding to this
amount, as a commercial writer suggests $28,-
888,000, being one-third of the forest prodaots and
breadstuff's imported, tbe Sooth will ahow an ex-
portation of $176 511,9 >4, white that of the North
will be soarcely more than one-half that amount—
$90,926 097. Leave out the products of tbe South
and where wonld the shipping and commercial in-
terests of tbe North find support I But this is not
all. Tbe South furnishes, in addition, raw ma-
terial for tbe employment of northern manufac
lories and laborers, to tbe extent of more than seven
millions of dollars.
Thus far the South has continued to lavish ber
means npon tbe North in spite of the unfriendly
treatment she has received in that quarter. Patrio-
tism has had quite as much todo with maintaining
this state of affairs as self-interest, on the part of tbe
South. We boast that cotton ia king, and the
maxim is received elsewh- re, but as a cotemporary
remarks, It is ridiculous tbat oar business ebon Id
he paralysed by the smashing of the banks and
brokers of New York and Boston, of whom we
should be wholly independent, while we are the
acknowledged arbiter of European pol ¡tics, through
the interests and lives depending npon this staple.
The imprudenoe ofthe North alone has at length
rebuked its arrogant assumption of independence
of, and superiority over, the South. Alluding to
the facts thus foroed upon the publio mind; the
Washington States remarks:
" Such facts ought to impress ths planters and
politicians of the South, if tbey mean anything,
that the subject of direct trade with Europe caunot
engross their thoughts and guide their actions too
strongly or too soon.
" Let ths Southern men remember that tbe ex-
ports of the South are more than two-thirds ofthe
aggregate exports of tbe whole oountry, and calcu-
late the immense sums lost to Southern interests,
aud the prestige loat to Southern principles, by not
having a direct trade commensurate with the extent
ot Southern products."
the las! few mouths apward of t
have been expende* for additional i
which.together with our formerlarge stock JasUiesi
hi claiming snpertntty.
Texas Le|ltlaiare.
We learn by a private letter from Hon. M. M. Pot-
ter to a gen tleman in this city, that the Civil Coda
haa been rejected in tbe Senate, by • vote of 16 to
11. This is regarded as decisive. e
The meeting ofthe 8upreme Court at Galveston
will be postponed until the fourth Monday in Jaa-
uary. #
fhe bill to be entitled an Act to provide for tbe
Geological and Agricultural 8trrvey of the 8tate,
contemplates a thorough and complete Geological
survey of tbe State, eo as to determine accnr
tbe quality and characteristics of the soil, andt-
iepecf
ty The " News " intimated the other day, that
some young men contemplated the eatsblisbmentt
in this oity, of a Lyceum, and in connection with
it, a public library. This movement is in tbe right
direction, and we think it will meet with the entire
approbation of every intelligent man in the city,
We have long felt the necessity of an organization
of such a character, and, indeed, several have bad
temporary existence ; bnt, what we really need, is
an association established on a firm foundation, and
one which will command the attention of every resi-
dent of Galveston, and, wbich will also benefit the
entire State. It should not be merely a local affair.
It can as easily embrace tbe State, as the city ; al-
though, of course, its main support must depend on
home. But, the establishment of an institution,
having three or four diBtinct functions to perform,
is what is needed. A Library, stocked with tbe
best standard works, and the current periodicals
and newspapers of the day; lectures by distinguish-
ed men, from ho-ne and abroad, at leaet once a
month during certain partB of the year; weekly
debates, by the members of the Association, on sub-
jects of interest or amusement; and, perhaps, it
would be well to have an agricultural and mechani-
cal department. Tbess, however, are mere sngges-
tionB, and, as the Buhject may yet be discussed, as
is open, we hope something will be done, and
soon. It certainly is no great honor to Galveston,
and does not speak too highly of ber intelligence
and enterprise, to be without an institution where
the mind of the man may be enriched, and the
mind of our youth trained, to the oorrect apprecia-
tion of intellectual and moral knowledge.
Bbiorav Yodno , w bo defies the g< ivernment and
threatens the armies of. the United States, is a na
tlve of Whitehaven. Vermont, and Is fltty hi years
of age. His father was a farmer, orginally from a
town in the vicinity of Boston, and young Brig
ham is said never to have been at school but thir-
teen days.
Stupendous Canal.—The most stupendous canal
iri the world is one in China, which passes over two
thousand miles, and to forty-one cities. It was
commenced in the tenth century. A monster work
of man 1
Gbain Trade or Cbioaoo, III.—The total re-
ceipts of the season at Chicago. Illinois, are now
270.885 barrels Of flour, 4.816 710 bnshels wheat.
6,076.917 bushels of corn and. 155,519 bushels of
oats, or a total equivalent to 17,365,956 bnabels of
grain.;
Fallen Meteob Found.—The people of Marble-
head think they have found a meteor on River
Head Beach, which fell in May last. The meteor,
when loUnd, was in a solid mass, and oovered a
distance of eight or ten feet in diameter. The sub-
stance is of a dark colar, and resembles scoria, or
molten iron after oooli g. The surface is -smooth,
and is covered with globules of different size, which
had apparently been forced npwards by the pres-
sure of the vapor below. The under surface of the
mass ia porous. On being broken, it em Its a strong
sulphurous smell. It is in no way affected by the
magnet. The substance presente the appearance
of naving cooled in a fluid state. The whols
mass weighed from Six to eight handled pounds.
Melancholy and Singular.—The singular casu-
alty of a person being blown from a Railroad train
in motion, by the force of the wind, is not a very
rare one in the annals of railroading npon the
prairies. Daring the gale of last week a brakes-
man named Cushmyer, in tbe employ of tbe
Chicago and Rock laluid Railroad, was blown from
his stand on the platform of a freight car while
Safety Fund Banking,
The commercial and Shipping LiBt does not think
the system of issuing bank notes on stock works as
well in New York as was thought before the panic.
We allude to the security that ie fnrniBhed tbe in-
volnntary creditor or bill bolder, by tbe deposit ol
public stocks to fall back on for tbe ultimate re-
démption of the bills. Tbe Commercial says that
very mistaken notion prevails tbat ssourity is
the only essential iucideut of a bank bill.
"A bank bill tbat is not convertible intospecieat
the pleat-are of the holder ¡sin a material sense use-
less. It not enough for us to know that the bill we
_ I hold of a suspended bank is abundantly secured by
The BatesvilleCArkansas) Balance says : "The thtt'by„'lavini. i.t Proteat«d, theu of-
..j . . . v v a ^ . -*t ■ ficially..notifying the" laws delays, "and obtiúoinit
tide of immigration has began to flow in. Nam- a judicial decree of forfeiture, and an advertisement
bers of wagons, bound for some place in Arkansas
or Texas, pasa through town every day. "An ex-
change says—
"The emigrants are now pouring into Texas very
thickly from Missouri, Arkansas and Others States.
Arkansas has as much need of settlers as Texas, and
it is singular that she furnishes so many emigrants
to the latter State."
Austin.—The Austin Intelligencer sayS:
The Colorado haa risen in the last twelve "hours
almost aa many feet and is still rising very fast.
We have had heavy rains in this neighborhood,
but they must liave had heavier above. " Old
Texiana" SHy the rise comes from the Red fork.
" A rain as was a rain," 'ell on Friday night last.
Tbere musthave been full 8% inches by the weather
eage. The deep ditches upon Congress Avenue,
have not answered the purpoB¡> anticipated. The
grasshoppers made their appearance again in con-
siderable swarms on Saturday, but tbey are not so
destructive as tbey were two years ago.
The-Houston Telegraph and the Civilian both
oppóse a constitutional convention. When their
cities shall have 60,000 instead of 6,000 inhabitants
each, they will sing a different tune. While 1400
votes send two senators snd four representatives,
their opposition is natural. But should they reach
14.0'0 voters with the same representation, our bull
will be goring their ox.—Austin Intelligencer.
We aré utterly unable to see tbe force of this ar-
gument. Tbe Civilian has always contended for a
fair apportionment, and our files will show that we
have never claimed for our county any undue ad-
vantage in representation. The leading editor of
the Intelligencer is our witness, and cannot have
forgotten our position when Gov. Pease was a can-
didate for the Senate from this district.
Hon, James G. Wilson reported at Anstin, on
bis way to the Methodist Conference, at Waco,
and preached to a crowded bouse, at the Methodist
church. The Gazette says that his address was
lull of feeling, beautiful and well concieved.
Hides.—The New York Shipping List reports a
Sale of 270 Dry Texas, 25 lb, 15 eta. per lb. on 6 mos,
rejecting bad.
or Lewis Newman, a German boy, aged abont
twelte years, employed in the Austin Gazette of-
fice, came to bis death on Satnrday last by falling
from the bead of the flight of stairs.
I^T The Houston Telegraph saya:
Robt. Kuykendall waa tried on Monday on one of
the charges against, him,.that-of larceny, in taking
flour <fec , from the boat and was oonvicted, and
sentenced to the penitentiary for three years.
Wiley Bruton was fonnd guilty of negro stealing
andsentenoed to ten years in the Penitentiary.—
Dixon, another of the gang acting as State evidence
made a clean breast of it.
Mataoobda Countt.—The Chronicle aaya—
The weather has been quite pleasant dnring tbe
past week, and could not be more deairabte for tbe
cotton pieking. The late froat will, however, ma-
terially shorten the time of tbe harvest; consequent-
ly, the quantity will be less than was at one time
anticipated, aa all the unmatured fruit waa killed
by tbe froet some week or two since.
The present editor of the " Camargo Pueblo n is
, ... . „ - . -, Geo. Carvajal, wbo so long kept the Mexican fron-
™íí o^er him | tier on tbe 3io Grande loan uproar through hie re
killing bim i
1 volntianary and fillibustor ntoveiusats.
for thirty days, the stocks are sold at public auction,
aud our hill ia redeemed. In the meanwhile we go
to protest onri-elvea, we are unable to pay onr debt*,
we are aued and sold out by the sheriff, broken np
and ruined, with money in hand, but which íb not
gold "r silver. No ; convertibility is juBt as essen-
tial an element of a currency as security ; nay, it is
more so, for the former involves the latter as tbe
irreater does the less. Takiiig the. banks in this
Country in the aggregate, the crying abuse of ihe
system, and which imperatively calla for a remedy,
ia the great disproportion between the circulation
and specie, showing how unstable and inconvertible
N the paper circulation of the Country. The lusi
■f gain has so pervaded bank parlors, that every
device, and some of the most disreputable kind have
been reported to, to adopt some cheaper basis for cir-
culation than Specie. In some naris ofthe oountry
the excess of issues in proportion to coin haa been
astounding. Thia ia the graud secret of the embar-
rassments tbat have spread over the Country and
bankrupted the people. Overtrading and general
extravaganee, some say, bave been the cause of this
w'derspread ruin. They may have been tbe prox
imate and immediate instrumenta but the former
cause the source^and root of the evil, are a ficittious
currency, a currency almost desti'ate of tbe element
of value, and of course a currency on wbicb no safe
reliance can ever be placed —a currency wbioh al-
ways fails when most needed, which gives tbe
greatest possible facilitiea for getting into trouble,
and the least for getting oat."
.--y.lv
Maelin, Deo. 5, 1857.
Editobs Civilian: —In the last issue of tbe
State Gazette," I was much pleased to see a com-
munication recommending the name of Robert 8.
Gould, of Leon county, to the favorable considera-
tion of tbe Democratic Convention, soon to assem-
ble at Austin, for the office of Attorney General.
With due respect to all gentlemen whose names
ma; be brought before tbe Con ventlon, I mast say
that in my opinion, there is no one in the State
more capable of discharging the duties of tbat office
than Mr. Gould. He is a profound lawyer : a man
possessed of the very best natural abilities, and
withal, a democrat in the fullest senae of tbe term.
For four years Mr. Gould served the public of this
the Thirteenth Judicial District in tbe capacity of
District Attorney, and discharged the duties of that
offices in such a manner as to win for himself a
very enviable reputation as a criminal lawyer—in
fact I believe him to be one of tbe very best law-
yers in the State—and should be soffer his name to
go before the Convention, and receive tbe nominal
tion, the State will have no cause to regret it, for
he will, if elected, discharge tbe dat'es of the office
with signal ability, and to tbe satisfaction of all.
_ DEMOCRAT.
Good and Bad Deeds.—Tbe story of the boy
wbo drove a nail in tbe wall every time he com-
mitted an evil dee-l, and drew one out wheo he
performed a good one, Is constantly illustrated In
The good deeds may be more numeroua than
the bad ones, and tbe good tbat men do may far
outweigh, in temporal importance, the evil of their
lives; still, so contaminating is the nature of crime
tbat its marks remain, like black holes in tbe wall'
arter the nails bad been drawn to maculate tbe re-
putation which bad else been spotless.
The conflagration of Rome ia remembered as
being perpetual infamy upon tbe name of Nero,
while tbe munificent rebuilding of tbe city by the
same emperor is almost forgotten. It waa tbe fate
of Machiavelli, by the authorabip of a single work
to fix a stigma on his reputation wbich has ontliv-'
Join's Fran#4** *
ed.all the great achievements of a long iUs FÍ^rida W1
adaptation to agricultural purposes, tbe
produce to which tbe soil In different
beet adapted; its mineral resources, their 1
and the beet means for tbeir development; its
ter powers, tbeir localities, and capacitiva; and
erally every thing relating to the Geological and
Agricultural character ofthe State.
We glean the follow .ng from the Austin pspera.
Tbe following acts hare received tbe sanction of V
tbe Governor, and become laws:
An Act to legalise the surreys made for tin
Travis Land District.
A Joint Resolution authorizing the Commissioner
ol Claims to employ two additional Clerks whose
services shall be dispensed with from and after tbe
first day of January, 1868.
An Act to legalize Hopkins county as a Laud
District, aud to legalize surveys made therein.
An Act supplemental to an Act to authorise tbe
location, sale and settlement of the Pacific Railroad
Reserve.
An Act to authorise and require all forced salea
oi real estate and negroes made be Executors and
Administrators in the County ol Travis, to bemsde
on Congress Avenue at tbe South-east corner of
Block No. 76.
The recent killing of the Mexican Cart men was
made tbe subject of a special messsge from the
Governor. It seems that Mr Pyron had been lulled
into the belief, that he could pass with safety,
without an escort. Tbe Governor recommends
immediate action; and notifies the Legislature,
tbat Capt. Nelson's company's term of service will
expire on the 8th insl.; and uuless there be legis-
lation rt quiring their further employment, tlicy
will be dubanded. Tbe cost is estimated at $14,-
000.
Mr. Wsalder, presented a lengtbly report from
the Joint Committee, raised to take into oonside.
ration, the Governor's Cart Messsge, knd manera
pertaining thereto, accompanied with bills to meet
the emergency.
Mr. Barnard, presented a minority report, dis-
senting in toto, from positions assumed iu the ma-
jority report.
A long discussion ensued; and the result baa
not yet transpired.
Some interesting debates have been going on In
the House, upon the subject oi the University,
Kansas snd Walker.
Tbe following resolutions were apopted:
Rowlved, Tbat thlá body has received with pro-
found sensibility, the annunciation ol the death of
Gen. James Hamilton of South Carolina. His
death is a calamity not only to the Nation and bis
own State, but also to the State ol Texa . He was
tbe bold and powerlul advocate of Texas In fhe
dark and bloody straggle with the almost imperial
power of Mexico. When the heroic spirits '86
were treated with opprobrium, and as having for-
feited all claims to the fraternal records of the
people of the United States, he then in his place in
tbe Senate of South Carolina, with thoughts that
breathed and words that burned with living fire,
repelled the imputation on the purity and honor of
our motives—and in the light of such eloquence
aud truth gave such elevation to onr controversy
as to challenge the adnrration ol the world—and
to change indifference into friendship and enthusi-
asm. For bis services on that memorable occa-
sions, he was offered by Texas the chief command
of her army. His genius, bia pre eminent abilities,
bis high character and enthusiastic devotion to the
interests of the country, illustrated and adorned
tbe various exalted civil trusts with which he was
honored by tbe Republic. As our Minister be
secured a treaty with Great Britain the most pow-
erful nation on tbe Globe. He also negotiated a
treaty with the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and
rendered mauy other signal services with high
honor to himself and to the benefit ot the Nation
which be represented. By special act of the Con-
gress he was vested with the rights ol citizenship,
aud be ranks very high among tbe eminent aud il-
lustrious of ber citizens.
Resolved, That this body will manifest its res-
pect lor tbe memory of the deceased, by wearing
the usual badge of mourniug—that a copy of these
proceedings be transmitted to tbe láiuily of the
deceased.
Changs of Public Opinion at the North
Tbe Cincinnati E iquirer says the fact is now ap-
parent that the Democracy are once more in the as-
cendency in the free States. Tbe Norihern States
the Democracy bave carried thia \ear are entitled
to one hundred and fifty electoral votes,while those
of the Black Republicans' only give seventy-nine.
The Black .Republican S'ates, Ohio, Connecricut,
New Hampshire and Iowa, have given such trifling
majorities as to afford the most eonclusie evidence
that, in another year, they too will be Democratic.
The Indications are that, in a short time, tbe B'uck
Republican ascendency will be confined, as of old,
to two or three of tbe New England States. We
bave now five Democratic Governors in the free
States, while, in several other cases, the people are
only waiting for an oppori unity to elect Democrats
as their Chief Executive officers. We iniy consi-
der the North as completely revolut onized, and
as standing stauuebly in support of Mr. Buchanan's
Administration, so far as its policy has been deve-
loped.
In the South the Democracy are even more re-
sistless than they were in 1856. Every S'-ate, save
Maryland, is Dfmocratic and even she gives a ma-
jority outside ol mobridden and hloud stained Bal-
timore In ihe North the Black R 'publican su o g-
bolds bave neai ly all been stormed and taken, and
a large majority rolled up on the other side. Here
is the tabe oi 1857 compared with 1856:
1h57.
Dem. Kep.
Maine... ia,iH)0
N -w Hampshire 3,uno
Vermont.. 1 !,I4W
Massachusetts 3>.oou
Connecticut 41K1
Khoda l-land 2,001)
New Vork 1S.IKHI ......
New Jer«e>* ih.immi , j«.h)0
Pennsylvania 421KH1 ...... 87 OOO ......
California 3«,(/00 3U UOU
Ohio :• 1,900 17,(100
Ind ana* as,('00 25.000
Illinois.v.. lo.ono 10,(00
Minnesota (new t-'tate). 1,i<i0
Iowa Si.200 ...... 8,000
Wisconsin (eat.) 1 000 ]3, oo
Michigan* 19,000 ...... ib.ooo
58,-JOOO 1(10,000
In tbe States marked with an asterisk there bas
been no general election held this year, and we
have, therefore, put down the same majorities in
18&7 that they gave in 1856. Tbe Democracy
are immensely the losers by this, as tbey, too,
would have shown great Democratic gains if elec-
tions bad been held. But, even in tills calculation,
the Democracv have near 70,<lu0 majority over the
Blaek Republicans in tbe North in 1867, whereas
in 18S6 the B'ack Republicans bad I611/IUO majo-
rity over tbe Democrats; gain in two years 280,-
000 votes I
1851.
Dem. Rep.
..... 98,1-OJ
..... (¡000
3U.0O0
09.000
7.000
..... .1.000
80,(HO
Tax Credit Ststkii.—There are many eulogies
passed npon the so-culled "credit syateni." Few
know the real tax tbat it occasions, or dream who
pays it. A farmer sells hia wool opnn credit, and
charges from five to ten per cent, more than for cash.
The manufacturer, In selling his cloth, demands
• qually as much above cash price, because he haa to
wait and run hazarda for bis pay. He sella to the
wholesale dealer, and demandas I ke additional to
ths cash price for giving credit. Tbe jobber boys,
paying a like addition for being trusted. He sells
to tbe country merchant, and putson alike increase
because be gives credit. Tbe latter, in retailing,
makes a (Ike addition for selling on credit. Hers
are four sales npon credit. At only five per cent,
addition for credit, tbe consnmer paya twenty per
cent, because 'ormer owi era dealt on credit. At ten
per cent, tbia would amount to tortv. The latter,
we think, ia below the reality. It follows that when
the consumer purchases five dollars' worth of cloth,
two dollars of it are paid in consequence of the var-
ious credits given by sellers to tbe buyers. Tbia is
true to a greater or less extent as to very many
things we oonsume. Ve are severely taxed for the
credits others obtain, as well as tor those extended
to ourselves. The paying consumers bear the l<<s-es
sustained by those who never pay. The price of
credit is always largely increased because a portion
never perform tbeir engagement*. Looking at thia
matter aa it really exists, we can appreciate tbe vir-
tues assigned by John Randolph to frar words,
whicb, he said, wereUiii secret to prosperity, to wit:
''Pay aa you go.*Sr•Qashivtiitm Onion.
~^%vl
Tb(M
hff'y Ad Shilidol
of th^riih and wi
thopBcy Backpupi
O^ulea.Tc ' *
of tbe 1
tbe killing
nty,V
Ythe
s that daring tbe
I lizards, some
", came from
plenty
.tin*
^püÍT*r
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Stuart, Hamilton & Brown, John Henry. Civilian and Gazette. Weekly. (Galveston, Tex.), Vol. 20, No. 41, Ed. 1 Tuesday, December 15, 1857, newspaper, December 15, 1857; Galveston, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth177381/m1/1/: accessed May 2, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History.