Breakwater. Page: 2 of 2
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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
ALEXANDER G. FOLLETT, OF VELASCO, TEXAS.
BREAKWATER.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 245,473, dated August 9, 1881.
Application filed January 15, 1881. (No modeL.)
To all whom it may concern: a plate, I, about three feet square attached to 55
Be it known that I, ALEXANDER GLASS its outer end.
FOLLETT, of Velasco in the county of Brazo- To a staple, eyebolt,or other support secured
ria and State of Texas, have invented a new to the lower part of the plate A, is hinged tbohe
5 and useful Improvement in Breakwaters, of end of a rod, J, twenty feet, more or less, in
which the following is a specification. length, and having a plate, K, about three feet 60
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a section square attached to its enter end,
of the improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan view of The plates A and their attachments are de-
a portion of theiimprovement. Fig. 3 is asec- signed to sink into the sand or mud by their
io tional elevation. own weight until the plates D rest upon the
Similar letters of reference indicate corre- top of the said sand or mud. In case the sand 65
spending parts. be too hard or firm to allow the plates A to
The object of this invention is to furnish sink, a hydraulic iump can be used to lower
breakwaters for protecting harbors and road- them into place. The rods H J and plates I K
I5 steads, and keeping open channels through are also designed to sink into the sand or mud
bars at the entrances of harbors, the months by their own weight, and to serve as anchors 70
of rivers, and in other places, and which shall for holding the plates A in place and iln a ver-
not be liable to be destroyed by the marine tical position.
worm. When the breakwater is used for opening a
20 Thefrontplatesare madeinsections, A, each channel through a bar two rows of the plates
sectionbeing abouttwenty-fourfeetsquareand A are used, placed face to face and at a suita- 75
formed of half-inch iron plates firmly riveted ble distance apart, as indicated in Fig. 3, to
together. Alougoneverticaledgeof each see- contract the current, so that the water will
tion Ais formed a groove, B,to receive the edge wash out the sand or umad between the rows of
25 of the adjacent section, to keep the sections in plates, and thus bring the channel to and keep
hue with each other aind prevent spreading. it at a suitable depth. 80
The sections A are further secured together by With this construction elective breakwaters
U-shaped plates C, placed upon their upper can be constructed in less time and at less ex-
edges, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and which pense than when the ordinary constructions
30 are designed to be securely bolted to the said are used.
sections. Having th us described my invention, I claim 85
To the rear side of each section A, at a dis- as new, and desire to secure by Letters Pat-
lance from its upper edge about equal to the ent-
depth of water upon the bar, is riveted a hori- 1. In a breakwater, the combination, with
35 zontal plate, D, about ten feet wide, which is the vertical plate A, of tile horizontal plate D,
designed to rest upon the sand or mud. The having a flange, B, along its outer edge, sub- 90
inner edge of the plate or platform D is bent stantiallyashereinushownanddescribed,where-
upward at right angles to form a flange to re- by the vertical plates are kept from sinking too
ceive the rivets or bolts that secure the said deep, as set forth.
40 platform D to the vertical sections A. The 2. Inabreakwater, thecombination,wit the
outer part of the plate or platform D is bent vertical plate A and the horizontal plate D, of 95
downward at right angles, forming a flange, the braces F G, substantially as herein shown
E, about two feet deep, to take hold of the sand anddescribed, whereby theconumection between
or mud and hold the upper part of the plate the plates I) A is strengthened, as set forth.
45 A from lateral movement. 3. Inabreakwater,thecombination,with tihe
To theflangeE areattached theends of brace- vertical plate A and the horizontal plate D, of moo
rods F G, tostrengthen theconnection between the aunchoring-rods H J, having plates I K at-
the plates A and D. The upper ends of the tached to their outer ends, substantially as
brace-rods F are attached to the plate A near herein shown and described, whereby the ver-
So its upper edge. The lower ends of the braces tical plates are held in place, as set forth.
G are attached to the plate A near its lower ALEXANDER GLASS FOLLETT.
edge. Witnesses:
To the flange E is pivoted the end of a rod, GEo. W. DOLL,
H, ten feet, more or less, in length, and having WAREN CAMPBELL.
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Follett, Alexander Glass. Breakwater., patent, August 9, 1881; [Washington D.C.]. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth170215/m1/2/: accessed May 21, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department.