San Antonio Sunday Light (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 46, No. 69, Ed. 1 Sunday, March 28, 1926 Page: 33 of 92
ninety two pages : ill. ; page 20 x 16 in. Digitized from 35 mm. microfilm.View a full description of this newspaper.
Extracted Text
The following text was automatically extracted from the image on this page using optical character recognition software:
5
Houston Tells
Germany Sues for Peace and Wilson
Aids Allies to Set Terms for .
Conquered.
Bv DAVID F. HOUSTON
(Secretary of Afrlcaitaro in th • Cabinet of Woodrow WlUon.)
GENERALLY speaking after we entered the war
there were few new matters of broad policy which
had to be discussed in cabinet meeting till the Fall
of 1918. Action was what was demanded and action was
the order of the day rapid action and everybody was
working at top speed. Every
department and every
agency had its hands full
trying to furnish the neces-
sary support and supplies to
the army and navy and to get men to
France. There was endless consider-
ation of measures by every agency and
department which would further the
military activties of the nation. It
would be hopeless even to attempt to
give a hint of what was thought and
done.
In the meantime the President was
giving much attention to the psychol-
ogy of' the situation to the possibility
of influencing the minds of the peo-
ple of the Central Empires and of
causing a weakening of their will to
continue fighting by picturing the
aims of their rulers and masters and
contrasting those'of this nation. The
power which had brought war and de-
struction to the world was not he
assumed the German people but the
ruthless masters of that people. Thete
could be no peace with an ambitious
and intriguing government.
The President's course in outlining
terms of a just peace seems to be
received with approval by the public
and his suggestion of a plan to under-
write future peace runs along the
lines of the proposals of leaders like
Taft and Roosevelt; but there appears
to be apprehension in certain quart-
ers lest the President get too much
glory from the war and still greater
fume if peace comes. Partisanship is
on guard to see that his achievements
do not redound to him or to his
party's advantage!
GERMANY SUES
On October 4 Prince Maximilian
had become Chancellor of Germany.
He immediately asked the President
•to take steps for the restoration of
peace to invite the Allied governments
to send delegates to negotiate and in
order to avoid further bloodshed to
conclude an armistice." He accept-
ed President Wilson's outlined terms.
The latter asked for further light
and added that he would propose an
armistice only on condition that the
Germans retire from Belgium and
France.
On October 12 the Germans re-
plied saying they would immediately
evacuate occupied territory and that
they accepted the fourteen points witli
the understanding that only details
would be negotiated. They added that
the government was in agreement with
the great majority of the Reichstag
and spoke in the name of the German
people.
The President in his reply of Oc-
tober 14 was very specific on several
points. The process of evacuation
would be left to the allied military
advisers. There must be absolutely
satisfactory safeguards and guaran-
tees of the military supremacy of the
armies of the United States and of
the allies in the field. The wanton and
outrageous practices of German
forces on land and sea must imme-
diately cease.
GERMANY'S REPLY.
The German reply of October 20
said that in accepting the proposal
for evacuation thy government had
started from the assumption that the
procedure should be left to the judg-
ment of military advisers.
To the President's fundamental con-
dition for peace it said:
"Hitherto the representatives of
the people in the German Empire has
not been endowed with an influence
on the formation of the government.
"The constitution did not provide
for a concurrence of representation
of the people in decisions of peace an l
war. These conditions have just now
undergone a fundamental change. A
new government has been formed In
complete accord with the principle of
the representation of the people based
on equal universal secret and direct
franchise.
"Tbs lenders of the great parties
ot the Reichstag are members of this
government. In the future no govern-
Don't stay headachy dizzy sick.
Nothing else relieves that bilious con-
stipated feeling so nicely as candy-like
‘‘Gases rets.” Take one or two of these
pleasant laxative tablets any time to
gently stimulate yonr liter and start
your bowels. Then you will feel fine
r ment can take or continue in office
without possessing the confidence of
a majority of the Reichstag.”
I At cabinet meeting Tuesday Octo-
■ ber 22. the German note which air
( peared in the papers on Monday was
the main subject of discussion. It had
come over the wireless. The President
। remarked that he had not seen the
official copy that it had not been re-
. ceived. Just then Lansing came and
’ told us that the message came to his
office just as he was leaving.
ASKS ADVICE.
The President said that he would
■ like to have our reactions on the note.
’ Nobody spoke for a few seconds. Then
someone made a brief statement as
serting that everything depended up-
-1 on the nature of Germany's intentions
• and the President’s faith in them.
I 1 asked why Germany hnd an-
-1 proached this country alone —why sh?
' did not approach the allies as a
1 whole or France or England—way
' she did not send the same message to
' each.
Did she think she could produce
friction? Did she think this country
was a little less than neutral and not
quite belligerent? Did she think she
. had fooled us for two years and might
do so again? Did she think she could
produce friction and impair our mili-
tary effectiveness?
The President answered that it ap-
peared to be technically sufficient that
he had announced terms of which
Lloyd George and Allied sentiment in-
dicated acceptance and that the Ger-
-1 mans knowing the facts had ad-
dressed him as author of the statement
of terms. It was possible also that
Germany regarded this nation as the
only one which desired nothing except
peace and justice and the one which
would take a reasonable attitude.
NOTE IS DISCUSSED.
I
I poimed out that the German sug-
. gestion that her military advisers agree
with ours and those of the Allies as to
evacuation arrangement of forces and
indication of position was highly ob-
• jectionable. Thia I said should not
be entertained for a second. Our mili-
tary chiefs should decide the terms
give them to the Germans nnd demand
their unconditional acceptance. These
should include military guarantees
such as the surrender of arms and the
। occupation by the Allies of such places
as Metz Cologne and Strassburg not
only pending evacuation but also
through the peace negotiations and till
the terms dictated to them were ful-
filled.
I suggested that while the political
readjustments which bad evidently
been made were reassuring they did
not go far enough. Taking away from
the military crowd the power ot mak-
ing or continuing war and making the
ministry responsible to the Reichstag
■ were not sufficient.
The President observed that it
would carry us too much into techni-
cal detail to go fully into the matter
in a nots. I replied that I realized
that but that details were the essence
i of the matter and that I would make
certain that Germany understood that
rearrangements in detail in conformity
! with the assurance given would be in-
sisted upon and that we understood
what th"y should be.
FOR ABJECT SURRENDER.
Burleson said that the Germans did
not know the meaning of democracy
nnd that he would be satisfied with
nothing short of abject surrender with
absolute military guarantees. He
■ would require the Germans everywhere
to lay down their arms and would not
leave the terms to Foch HSig and
Pershing. They might be too lenient.
This brought a ronr of laughter but
Burleson stuck to his guns.
The President said that he was not
going to discuss terms with the Ger-
mans. He would simply give them his
decision. He asked whnt impression
wc thought the note had made on the
American people. What would thelt
attitude be?
Straighten Up!
Nicest Laxative
“Cascarets” 10c
.vour head becomes clear stomach
weet tongue pink skhi rosy.
"Cascarets” gently cleanse sweeten
and refresh the entire system. They
never gripe overact or sicken. Dlrcc
lions for men women nnd children on
each box any drug store.
Events Leading Up to Armistice in 1918
Dramatic Scene Comes as Weary War President
Outlines His Drastic Terms of Peace to Congress
WHEN the President was announced there was
great applause. He quickly took his place
greeting the Vice President and the Speak-
ed and then began his address. At first his voice was
husky and much less distinct than usual. It seemed
that the President either had a slight cold or that he
was laboring under a strong emotion or partial ex-
haustion. He looked tired.
He had not read many lines of his message before
it became evident that the armistice terms were about
as drastic as anybody had ventured to predict they
The President remarked that doubt-
less the press reflected the views of
the people of the East but asked if it
did those of the people of the West.
"Yes” I answered. “I have recently
been as far west as the Rockies. The
people in the Weet want the war to
end but not till it ends right.
They want the matter settled once
and for all. They want no more men-
ace from Germany. They would be
willing to leave the matter of an
armistice and its terms to Pershing
Haig nnd Foch.”
McAdoo thought that the President
Even Strike Has Good Side
((nLEASE mother wants to know
* if you will lend her a measure
of potatoes till our own barrel comes
from the stow?”
Who living in rural districts has
not received or perhaps made de-
mands upon neighborliness couched
in some such terms as the above? An.l
who has ever known refusal to fol-
low except in rare cases where the
applicant had gained the unenviable
distinction of “chronic borrower."
“Certainly my dear” says the go >1
housewife and leads the way to the
storeroom where potatoes abound. It
is part of a simple small-community
life. Assent would if possible have
been as prompt had the request been
for a pound of butter—or bccausJ of
the unexpected arrival ot ’’company”
—one of the pics you were known to
be in the habit of baking on that
particular day of the week.
I can see the little girl hurrying
down the road with the “hot mince"
held tenderly like a small baby in he-
arms and entering at the back door of
her home lest the "city company”
should see and suspect the nature of
her visit abroad.
DOMESTIC SECRETS.
Well is it understood by thee:
friendly neighbors that their domesPe
secrets are not for the outside world
but that the sharing of them among
themselves entails neither humiliation
or disgrace.
Of course in all such community s
may be found (more likely in New
England than elsewhere) some sensi-
tive and discrctive persons struggling
to “keep up appearances” but as their
true condition is almost inevitably a
matter of common knowledge even vil-
lage gossip soon finds little meat in
discussing them and the general tend-
ency is toward sympathy.
How very far apart is the neighbor-
liness not alone of the city but of all
those populous regions known as sub-
urban districts. Not only are “double
lives” too common in the latter but
the life of each individual becomes al-
though perhaps 1 nconsciously an es-
sential part of the whole.
EACH PLAYS PART.
No man however uncongenial an.l
if you please “narrow-minded” he
may find the residents of a village
into which he has moved can long re-
main there without discovering that
willy nilly he has become a factor
in the general life. If he has con-
tributed nothing else he has contrib-
uted an element ot curiosity for which
his simple neighbors are not ungrate-
ful.
In the suburban section of the city
where he formerly lived his latch-key
was the magic wand that rendered him
invisible not only to the eyes but to
the minds of the majority of his fel-
low residents. In the village to which
he has gone he is conscious that at-
tention follows him into the housi
and Is on hand ‘.o greet him when h<-
appears in the morning.
He is not merely known now as
“That fellow who takes the 8:87 for
town” or as “That fellow who nas
►the collie dog.” Tis name is known
although he was never introduced and
his neighbor unblushiugly mentions it
in bidding him “Good morning.” la
short he has ceased to be a “house-
occupant” and has become a hums i
being in the eyes of the community.
STRIKE A BLESSING.
All of which brings me to a con-
sideration of this winter's coal short-
age in its not generally recoguiz'-l
role of “blessing in disguise.” 1 could
if it were necessity name a particular
section of the great city of New York
where the scarcity of fuel and th-:
exigencies to which householders bate
jwn put in consequence has done mo’e
to humanize its residents in one an-
other's eyes than the mem shariug of
THE SAN ANTONIO LIGHT.
ought to take up the matter with the
Allies not with the Germans. “The
President” he added “ought not to
have to consider such a matter as that
before him in an atmosphere of pas-
sion and the air about us seems to be
charged with it.”
M'ADOO FOR CAUTION.
Funny to have McAdoo advising
caution and moderation!
“Wc had better be careful” he as-
serted “how wc decide matters at this
juncture. There arc more sides than
one tre this matter of prolonging the
war if we can end it nnd secure all
the same local taxes could have ae
complished in n decade. Doubtless the
same is true of many other localities.
Coal bins in a great number of
houses have been empty. At the height
of the drought it became known in the
suburban section to which I have re-
ferred that the precious fuel in bag
lots of fifty and a hundred pounds
was obtainable at a certain yard if
one would provide oneself with some
sort of vehicle and go after it. A
daily pilgrimage in which a multitude
of house-holders took part thereupon
was inaugurated. Fortunately at the
outset there was snow upon the
ground permitting the use of sleds by
those who hadn't a family car.
BIRTH OF “NEIGHBORHOOD.”
Just what there is about a sled that
it should impart to the draggcr of it
an almost colt-like spirit of exuber-
ance I do not know but I can testify
to the fact persons whom I had re-
garded as monuments of dignity went
by on their wny to the coal supply
with the skittish air of young calves
turned out to pasture. And every
Brown Jones and Robinson among
them hailed the others as longlost
friends.
Then came the news fEat one resi-
dent was burning bituminous coal in a
furnace meant for an'.nracite without
; The Children’s Corner !
That people display Inexcusable
ignorance in natural history is the
opinion of Miss Frances Pitt who
contributes to an English publication
—the National Review —an article en-
titled “Queer Natural History Mis-
takes."
Quite inexcusable is she says the
credulity with which persons swallow
any story about such an old friend
as the hedgehog.
“One false legend is to the effect
that the hedge-hog likes apples and
robs the orchards in the following
manner. It strolls in the quiet of
an autumn evening where the fallen
fruit lies thick beneath the trees
curls itself up into a ball erects its
spikes and rolls among the apples
and so impales them on its prickles.
Thus Inden it toddles off to its re-
treat to eat them at its leisure.”
Another too generally accepted
out a thief. It is to the effect that
he makes a practice of sucking milk-
ing cows as they lie asleep in the
meadows at night so that the farmer
finds them quite dry and without
any milk in the morning. Yet a hedge-
hog is a small animal with a little
stomach which half a pint of liquid
would distend uncomfortably. How
could be accommodate the amount he
is accused of stealing?
The night jar which with its wide
gaping beak was supposed to rob goats
of their milk and Ims also been a
victim of calumny and so has the
cuckoo which some persons believe
“sucks eggs to clear its voice.”
Then there is the bat branded with
the adjective “blind" though bats have
le. sharp bright eyes set in strange
selfish faces and eyes that far from
being sightless serve to show them
their human inspector and set them
in a t .ittering. squeaking state of
indignation at being studied by any-
thing so great and monstrous.
A common mistake about the poor
little “flitter mouse” is that he tries
to alight on women’s heads; whereas
no bat that ever flew desired to get
itself entangled io long or eveu bob-
bed hair I v
would be or as any reasonable person could have de-
sired. What an answer to the silly creatures who were
shouting that the President would fix the terms and
that they would be very light on Germany!
“The war thus comes to an end’’ added the
President after outlining the terms meaning of course
that the fighting thus comes to an end. The trouble
with war is that it does not come to an end when fight-
ing ceases.
The fighting ended as the President felt it would
end from the moment we entered and as I felt sure
it would end.
that reason demands. We may as well
face the fact that the Allies and even
we may not be able to finance this
war on its present scale—and it really
means our financing it—for two years
more. The expenditures are fright-
ful and I do not know where wc can
get the means without wrecking our-
selves.”
I remarked that there was another
reason for not going too far with the
business of insisting that Germany be
absolutely c ushed nnd that the nrmtes
go to Berlin. That might gratify tin
as a spectacle and satisfy our passions
causing deaths from suffocation and
to all who inquired of him how it was
done he genially explained the modus
operandi. Information as to the de-
tails was borrowed from him without
shame by the merest neighbors.
Presently the salutation “Have you
tried coke?” began to be a neighborly
form of greeting. There were certain
dangers connected with its use; as for
example the melting of one's furnace
grate "But it's all right” says neighbor
Smith to neighbors Brown and Jones
"if you manage it carefully.”
CONVERSATION MADE.
Like the birth of a baby was re-
garded the announcement of any usable
substitute for anthracite. It interested
the entire neighborhood; it made con-
versation between folk who had never
before much more than passed the time
of day. It tended to remove barriers
from human intercourse; to make us
slightly more “one-family” like. It.
made me think of the village spirit of
neighborliness.
Far be it from me to say which side
of the great coal strike has the right of
the matter but I know that both sides
have with no profit to themselves cre-
ated a feeling ot self-help and mutual
assistance among their former helpless
customers that almost reconciles one to
conditions os they are.
People do not now believe that the
toad carries a jewel in his head but
many think he is endowed with dau-
gerous properties; and from a newt
otherwise intelligent people shrink in
horror. Miss Pitt tells how she res-
cued n great crested newt from a fiery
death:
“I met the cook and the parlor-maid
proceeding toward the cellar the one
armed with a shovel and a large stick
the other with n pair of coal-tongs.
In answer to an inquiry as to whnt
was the matter I was told there ‘was
n horrible nasty thing in the cellar
which would sting them if they didn't
mind!’” •
“It will bite you it will sting you!”
they cried. “Let us put it on the fire
and burn it!” But when they saw
me turn it over and exhibit its
Urange-and-black spotted waistconk
thy began to think that after all it
was quite a pretty and harmless little
thing yet nothing would induce them
to touch it.
HARD LARGE
PIMPLES ON FACE
Also on Shoulders. Lost
Rest Cuticura Heals.
“ I had pimples on my face and
shoulders. They were hard large
and red and festered and sea’’
over. The pimples on my I
itched a great deal and the on.
on my shoulders were very soi
and ached so that I could not rest.
The trouble lasted about three
months.
“ I tried other remedies without
success. I began using Cuticura
Soap and Ointment and in four
weeks I was healed after using two
cakes of Cuticura Soap and one box
of Cuticura Ointment.” (Signed)
Miss Lizzie Parrish Rt. 3 Blos-
som Texas Sept. 8 1925.
Use Cuticura Soap. Ointment and
Talcum for daily toilet purposes.
Seep Me. Olatnwt B and Wt Tainan He Sold
everywhere. Senwle «Mh tree. **£•*• :
-Oetlrere U'wetol O«rt H. Ueee'
Catieura Skaviag Slick 2Sc.
but it might not be of any value from
a military point of view and might
involve vast additional expenditure and
loss of life.
“But the thing in my mind is that
a situation might develop where the
obstacle to a just peace would not
come from Germany but rather from
certain of the Allies. Human nature
has not been fundamentally changed by
the war. There have been other simi-
lar upheavals. Nations are not going
to be angelic when peace comes. There
will be much of the same old exhibition
of national ambitions anil national sel-
fishness. I have seen many indications
already since the Allies have recovered
from their desperate situation last
spring nnd have begun to realize that
they will win that there will be a
resort on the part of some of them to
the old medieval European practices
and struggles for advantage under the
guise of course of seeking national pro-
tection. The tigers will be let loose.
WANTS SUGGESTIONS.
“I have already heard representa-
tives of the allies assert that much
must be demanded from Germany
which would be in flat conflict with
the terms of settlement suggested and
which would certainly create the con-
ditions favorable to another hideous
explosion. I fear that as the col-
lapse of Germany becomes more cer-
tain the demands of some of the al-
lies particularly of France will be-
come unreasonable. This would be
natural but in the interest of world
peace they will have to be held in
check.”
The President said that only Lloyd
What Are You Studying?
HISTORY jnathematics literature languages science? In
your whole curriculum there is no lesson more impor-
tant than'how to guard your health. Long after your hard-
won French vocabulary is forgotten you will be putting into
daily practice —if you are wise—the rules of health.
School work with its continual studying its sports dances
and social affairs demands a vigorous body. How dis-
couraging it is to miss the good times. And sometimes how
unnecessary.
First of all then learn the lesson of health. Find out what
fresh air will do exercise sleep and proper food. Many school
girls have learned that Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Com-
pound has helped them to find the health they needed and has
made their school days happier.
A^Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Compound J)
Cessation of Hostilities Ends Momen-
tous Period in Activities of
Cabinet.
George and the British labor party
had expressed concurrence in the
terms he hnd outlined that Clemen-
ceau had not as yet and Italy had
not. The English he said were giv-
ing trouble on the matter of the free-
dom of the seas and were asking
what he meant by it. He was not
prepared to say more than that pri-
vate property seized at sea must be
paid for and that there must be in-
sistence on a few other points.
The President said that he under-
stood the sense of the meeting and
that what he still wanted was a sug-
gestion ns to the procedure.
The President's reply appeared in
the press Wednesday October 23. Ha
could not decline in view of the ex-
plicit assurances of Germany to tpke
up with the allies the question of an
armistice but tbe only armistice he
would submit for consideration would
be one which would leave the allies
and tbe United States in a position to
enforce any arrangements entered into
and to make a renewal of hostilities
by Germany impossible.
HEARS OF ARMISTICE.
He had transmitted to the allies his
correspondence with the suggestion
that if they were disposed to effect
peace upon the terms and principles
indicated their military advisors and
those of the United States be asked
to submit to the governments the
necessary terms of an armistice “pro-
vided they deem such an armistice
possible from a military point of
view.”
This note was entirely satisfactory
to me and covered nil the points I
hnd emphasized ut the cabinet meet-
ing.
Germany replied that she was
awaiting armistice proposals and
added: “The peace negotiations nre
being conducted by a government of
the people in whose hands rests both
actually and constitutionally the au-
thority to make decisions. The mili-
tary powers are also subject to this
authority."
When I reached my office the
morning of November 11 I received
a message from the White House
saying that the President would ad-
dress Congress at 1 o’clock. This
“I gave my fifteen year old daughter
Louise Lydia E. Pinkham’s Vegetable Com-
pound and it did her a wonderful lot of
good. She had been out of school for four
months. I read the advertisements of the
Vegetable Compound and since she has
taken it she has improved and has gone back
to school -gain. I recommend the Vege-
table Compound to other mothers with girls
who are not as strong as they should be.’’
Mas. Alice Louthan
Route 2
Charleston 111.
SUNDAY MARCH 28 1926.
left no doubt in my mind that the
armistice hid been signed. I had been
disturbed at 5 o’clock Monday morn'
ing by newsboys crying extras. 1
had little doubt that the extras meaut
that the armistice had been signed.
The conditions in Germany and on the
front I believed were such os to
make it necessary for Germany to
accept almost nny terms.
CONGRESS TOLD TERMS.
I took steps to get a card of ad-
mission to the House for Mrs. Hous-
ton and she and I met and walked to
the capitol. The people were crowd-
ing into the galleries when we entered
the House but the floor was rather
empty as many members of Congress
had not returned from their elec-
tioneering trips. The diplomats wero
out in force.
When the President was announced
there was great applause. He quickly
took his place greeting the vice presi-
dent nnd the speaker and then began
his address. At first his voice was
husky and much less diirtinct than
usual. It seemed that the President
either had a slight eold or that he was
laboring under a strong emotion or
partial exhaustion. He looked tired.
He had not read many lines of his
message before it became evident that
the armistice terms were about as
drastic as anybody had venteured to
predict they would bo or as any rea-
sonable person could have desired.
What an answer to the silly creatures
who were shouting that the President
would fix the terms nnd that they
would be very light on Germany!
The Supreme Court was sitting im-
mediately in front of the President
just ns it did when the President read
bis war message. Whether it ap-
proved the verdict as it did the decla-
ration In favor of war I do not know.
“The war thus comes to an end”
added the President after outlining
the terms meaning of course the
fighting thus comes to an end. The
trouble with war is that it docs not
come to an end when fighting ceases.
The fighting ended ns the President
felt it would end from the moment
we entered arid as I felt sure it would.
Copyright IS3S by Doubleday Pago &
Co. AU rights reserved.
Upcoming Pages
Here’s what’s next.
Search Inside
This issue can be searched. Note: Results may vary based on the legibility of text within the document.
Tools / Downloads
Get a copy of this page or view the extracted text.
Citing and Sharing
Basic information for referencing this web page. We also provide extended guidance on usage rights, references, copying or embedding.
Reference the current page of this Newspaper.
San Antonio Sunday Light (San Antonio, Tex.), Vol. 46, No. 69, Ed. 1 Sunday, March 28, 1926, newspaper, March 28, 1926; San Antonio, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth1631548/m1/33/: accessed May 25, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; .