Texas Almanac, 1954-1955 Page: 78
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78 TEXAS ALMANAC-1954-1955
BRAZOS: Three miles east of Bryan is marker
on site of Boonville, established in 1841 as county
seat of Navasota County. The county name was
changed to Brazos in 1842. Town thrived until
1866 when Bryan was established on the railroad.
Millican, terminus of H&TC for a while in the '60s,
was one of most important inland trading points.
BREWSTER: The Big Bend Historical Museum
on the campus of Sul Ross State Teachers College,
Alpine, houses an especially fine collection of Big
Bend and Trans-Pecos historical relics and arch-
aeological artifacts collected in the Guadalupe,
Davis and Chisos Mountains. Camp Pena Colo-
rado was an old United States frontier post.
Abandoned about 1892. Ruins.
BRISCOE: In Silverton Cemetery is marker on
original site of headquarters of the Quitaque
Ranch, established by Baker Brothers in 1877.
Bought min 1880 by Charles Goodnight for Mrs.
Cornelia Adair. With the Palo Duro ranches it
comprised more than 1,000,000 acres acquired by
Charles Goodnight in 1887. Broken into smaller
tracts later.
BURLESON: Near Caldwell is marker 2,000 feet
south of site of Fort Tenoxtitlan, established by
the Mexican Government in 1830, abandoned in
1832. Place passed from the map in 1860.
BURNET: In the Courthouse Square at Burnet
is monument to the early settlers of Burnet County
and Fort Croghan, 1849-1855. Fort Croghan on
Hamilton Creek, about one mile southwest of pres-
ent city of Burnet, was established in 1849. Robert
E. Lee, John B. Hood and George B McClellan
were stationed here before the Civil War. First
called Camp Croghan, then Fort Hamilton, and
finally Fort Croghan in 1851, when log structures
were replaced by stone; abandoned in 1855 now
in ruins. Near here are Holland Springs, first
settlement, 1848; Morman Mill, 1850; Black's Fort,
1851; Smithwick Mill, 1855.
CALLAHAN: Old town of Belle Plain was pio-
neer county seat and seat of Belle Plain College.
Site with few remains lies a mile east of U.S. 183
about 6 miles south of Baird.
CALHOUN: Six miles northeast of Port Lavaca
on State Highway 35 is site of Cox's Point, early
port. A town was established here in 1836.
Burned by Indians in 1840. Site of old town of
Linnville located 3.5 miles northeast of Port La-
vaca. It was an early Texas port. Named for
John Joseph Linn, pioneer merchant, 1831. De-
stroyed by Comanche Indians, Aug. 8, 1840. Fif-
teen miles southeast of Port Lavaca is site of the
old port of Indianola, founded in 1844 and first
called Karlshaven by German immigrants. An
important Texas port after 1860 when the San
Antonio and Mexican Gulf and Indianola railroads
were completed. Partially destroyed by a storm
Sept. 17, 1875. Rebuilt bu totally destroyed by
another storm Aug. 20, 1886. Fragments of court-
house foundation and the rims of huge cisterns,
made of shell lime and sand, or "tabby" re-
main today. Old town of Powder Horn was lo-
cated near Indianola. Near Port Lavaca is the
monument to the explorer, Rene Robert Cavalier
de la Salle. It was erected as part of the cen-
tennial celebration of 1936. Fort Debray was an
early Confederate post. No trace today. Fort
Esperanza on Matagorda Island, established in
1861 by Confederates. Foundations remain.
CAMERON: Near Brownvlle is site of "Rancho
Vielo," or El Espiritu Santo, established in 1771
by Jose Salvador de la Garza. First European
settlement in Cameron County. Near old town
of Brazos Santiago, established as Confederate
post in 1861, was fought last battle of Civil War.
Only traces left. At the site of the Battle of
Resaca de la Palma, 3.5 miles north of Browns-
ville, there is a marker. Here U.S. troops under
Gen. Zachary Taylor defeated the Mexican Arm
under Gen. Mariana Arista May 9, 1846, which
secured' Texas' claim to the territory between the
Nueces and Rio Grande. At 1305 Washington
Street, Brownsville, is the home of Charles Still-
man, erected about 1850. Stillman was founder
of Brownsville, and in partnership with M. Ken-
edy and Company, opened Rio Grande navigation
and controlled- much of the commerce of Northern
Mexico, 1848-68. In Brownsville is Fort Brown.
Established as Fort Brown in 1846 and named
for Major Jacob Brown, who was killed there. Ithad been established shortly previously as Fort
Taylor, named for Gen. Zachary Taylor. Part of
it now used by Brownsville Junior College. Fort
Polk, at old Point Isabel, was established by Gen.
Zachary Taylor in 1846. On the courthouse
grounds at Brownsville is monument erected to
the "men who since 1535 sailed the waters of the
Gulf of Mexico to the green valley of the Rio
Grande in search of happiness."
CHAMBERS: Anahuac, county seat, is one of
historic towns pf Texas. Fort Anahuac was built
by Mexican Government in 1831 near mouth of
Trinity River and used as fort and customs house.
Captured by Willialn B. Travis and force in one
of preliminary battles of Texas Revolution. Some
traces of the fort remain. Fort Chambers, built
by Confederates during Civil War, about half way
between old Fort Anahuac and the town of
Anahuac. It is now in ruins. San Augustine de
Ahumada, Presidio, was established in Chambers
County in 1756 as a Spanish fort. The post was
moved one league away from the first site and
was abandoned and destroyed by Spanish in 1778.
No trace today. Of interest also is old Chambers
home at Anahuac.
CHEROKEE: Near Rusk site of Cook's Fort,
established by James Cook as protection against
Indians, is marked. Near Rusk is Mountain Home,
birthplace of James Stephen Hogg, first native
Texan to serve as Governor of Texas. Near Rusk
is site of old New Birmingham which was scene
of the great East Texas iron rush of 1891. Was
once prosperous community of about 3,500 and had
electric lights and electric street railway. After a
brief boom the town died. Last remaining houses
were demolished about 1938. For many years the
pretentious structures of the iron industry stood.
tear Mount Selman is marked site of Larissa
College, established 1848, closed 1866 Indian
Mound, near Alto, is one of chief archaeological
points of interest in Texas.
CHILDRESS: Site of Old Childress about four
miles west of present city of Childress.
COKE: Near Fort Chadbourne town was old
Fort Chadbourne, established Oct. 28, 1852, by the
U.S. Army as a protection against Indians.
Named in honor of Lieut. T. L. Chadbourne, killed
at Resaca de la Palma, May 9, 1846. Occupied by
Federal troops,- 1852-61, 1865-67. Important station
on the Butterfield Overland Stage Route, 1858-61.
It was first called Camp on Oak Creek. Abandoned
in 1867. Old buildings stand today, used as ranch
headquarters.
COLEMAN: Camp Colorado, apparently was
first established near the present town of Ebony,
Mills County, in 1855 or 1856, taking its name
from the Colorado River on which it is situated.
Shortly afterward it was removed to Mukewater
Creek in southeastern part of Coleman County,
and in 1857 to its location on Jim Ned Creek in
eastern part of Coleman County, where it became
an important frontier post. Abandoned in 1861,
there is little trace left today. Replica in park at
Coleman.
COLLIN: Original home of Colin McKinney,
located seventnuoeen miles north of McKinney, was
moved as part of 1936 centennial program, to site
in McKinney. Restored by Texas Garden Clubs in
1952. Old Frankford Cemetery is site of annual
celebration on fourth Sunday in May.
COLORADO: The site o eyf the beef canning plant
and residence of Gail Borden, built in 1872, is .5
of a mile northeast of Borden. Gail Borden, in-
ventor of condensed milk, operated this plant until
his death in 1874. It was torn down in 1885 There
is a marker at Alleyton, oldest permanent settle-
ment in the county and once the largest town.
Established by the Alley family, members of Aus-
tin's original colony of 300 families, Alleyton was
the terminus of Buffalo Bayou, Brazos & Colorado
Railroad, 1860-67. At Columbus is monument on
site of projected capitol of Stephen F. Austin's
Colony, 1823, first settlement on Austin's Map,
Montezuma, 1835, and in memory of pioneer fami-
lies of that region. At Columbus is the Columbus
Oak, beneath which was held the first court of the
Third Judicial District of the Republic of Texas in
1837, by Judge Robert M. (Three-Legged Willie)
Williamson. C. W. Tait home, Columbus, was built
in 1843.
COMAL: On Comal Avenue, in New Braunfels,
is home of Ferdinand Llndheimer, soldier in Texas
Army, father of Texas botany and editor of Neu
Braunfelser Zeitung, 1852-72. On Mill Street in
New Braunfels is site of John F. Torrey's mill and
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Texas Almanac, 1954-1955, book, 1953; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117168/m1/80/: accessed May 21, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.