Texas Almanac, 1939-1940 Page: 71
[514] p. : ill. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this book.
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HISTORY OF TEXAS.
for the purpose of capturing a Mexican State of
wagon train on the Santa Fe trail. The divide its
Texans were successful but were cap- Texas B
tured in turn a few days later by a Preside
United States detachment on the charge Congress
that they were within the bounds of the tion was
United States. ing whicl
The last national election, held Sept. President
2, 1844, resulted in the election of Anson a State (
Jones as President over Gen. Edward approved
Burleson. Although Jones had generally dent Feb
opposed annexation of Texas to the Pinckney
United States, his administration was Texas. O
largely devoted to issues involving an- the Unite
nexation and the winding up of the af- State Con
fairs of the little Republic. Although has been
Texas had increased rapidly in popula- Supreme 4
tion and had attained security in its in- nexation.
dependence, partly through recognition STATEH
of a number of foreign powers, partly
through the proven ability of its volun- The flat
teer forces and partly through the confu- the Lone
sion that prevailed in Mexico, its diffi- Austin Fe
culties nevertheless had steadily in- tion of J.
creased. Governor.
Financial Difficulties. derson's
The Republic began its existence with the Mexic;
a public debt of more than $1,000,000 and linquished
saw this grow to nearly $8,000,000 in its internal d
ten years of life. Lamar's military pol- prevented
icy greatly increased the public debt. subjugate
The paper money issued by the new gov- Grande, o
ernment depreciated quickly and the March an
money of the United States was more ac- after an
ceptable than that of Texas. brought tl
After Texas had obtained recognition off diploma
by a number of the leading world pow- States.
ers, no treaty with Mexico was ever Gen. Za
signed, although several attempts were occupy th
made by the Texas Government to reach Rio Gran
an agreement. An armistice was signed maintaine
in 1844, but this was annulled by Mexi- boundary
co in 1845 when the treaty of annexa- ico, aside
tion was signed. area of T
Polk-Clay Campaign. The firs
A majority of Texans were for annexa- near Brow
tion to the United States from the be- ing day a'
ginning of the Republic. At the first at Resaca
election the subject of annexation was tance fror
submitted and the vote was almost unan- counter.
imously favorable. In the United States withdrew
there was almost unanimous fa- engagemel
vorable sentiment in the South, but Rio Grant
there was much opposition in antislave States Ar
states. as was hes
The race between Polk (Democrat) Winfield S
and Clay (Whig) in 1844 centered about Mexico Cil
the annexation issue, Polk favoring an- Treaty of
nexation and winning the race. Tyler, 1848, clain
the incumbent, however, had the Treaty below the
of Annexation introduced in Congress in that part
the form of a resolution at the short ses- of Texas
sion preceding Polk's inauguration and was ceded
the action of Congress was favorable. however,
The provision of this document which The adn
has been of greatest import to Texans derson (F
was that giving to the state the entire and that o
public domain of the Republic. Another 21, 1847,
provision which has occasioned much lowed, wez
discussion was that providing that the ruption byTexas might at its discretion
elf into as many as five states.
ecomes Part of United States.
nt Anson Jones called the Texas
in special session and annexa-
given a favorable vote, follow-
h a convention called by the
ratified annexation and wrote
Constitution, which the people
Oct. 13. Jones retired as Presi-
. 16, 1846, succeeded by J.
Henderson, first Governor of
n Dec. 29, 1845, the Congress of
d States had accepted the new
stitution of Texas and this date
declared by the United States
Court as the actual date of an-
OOD PRIOR TO CIVIL WAR.
of the United States replaced
Star banner over the Capitol at
b. 16, 1846, with the inaugura-
Pinckney Henderson, the first
The principal events of Hen-
administration centered about
an War. Mexico had never re-
its claim to Texas, although
dissension in that republic had
it from military efforts to re-
the territory north of the Rio
ther than the two invasions in
d September of 1842. Shortly
nexation of Texas Mexico
he issue to a crisis by breaking
matic relations with the United
chary Taylor was ordered to
he disputed area between the
de and the Nueces. Mexico
d that the Nueces was the
line between Texas and Mex-
from its claim to the entire
exas.
;t encounter was at Palo Alto,
rnsville, May 8, and the follow-
nother engagement was fought
de la Palma, a short dis-
n the scene of the first en-
Thereafter Mexican forces
from Texas soil and no more
its were fought north of the
le. Enlistment in the United
ny from the new State of Tex-
ivy. The progress of Generals
Scott and Taylor was rapid and
ty fell Sept. 14, 1847. By the
Guadalupe Hidalgo, Feb. 2,
Sto Texas including the area
Nueces was relinquished and
of the United States lying west
and the Louisiana Purchase
to the United States which,
paid Mexico $15,000,000.
ministration of Governor Hen-
eb. 16, 1846, to Dec. 21, 1847),
of Gov. George T. Wood (Dec.
to Dec. 21, 1849), which fol-
re given, aside from the inter-
y the events of the Mexican
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Texas Almanac, 1939-1940, book, 1939; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117163/m1/73/: accessed April 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.