The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 22, July 1918 - April, 1919 Page: 222
521 p. : ill. (some col.), ports. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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The Southwestern Hfistlorical Quarterly
The survey makes it clear that the northwestern portion of this
grant was in the prairie, as was the southwestern portion known
as "Melado," but the soUthern and eastern sections were wooded,
the woods extending almost to the northeast corner. The surveyor
remarks in this connection, "I do not place any more" [fign res
on the map accompanying the survey] "as it would be confusion,
on account of the many thickets situated on this, land."
The description of this region contained in these lestimbonios is
accurate today, allowing for purely artificial changes made within
the past ten years. Except that the woods have extended a few
leagues north and west, the natural physical aspect of this region
changed little between 1794 and 191u, and there is no reason to
suppose that it changed more between 1535 and 1794.
The Indians called by the inspectors of the Llano Grande
Los Paragnues may well have been Cabeza de Vaca's Avavares.
The Indians of this region gradually became attached to the
ranchos of the Spanish settlers and so lost their language and
tribal identity. They cannot now be distinguished from the de-
scendants of the servants brought to the Rio, Grande by the Span-
ish settlers.
10. From the Land of the Ava.vares to the Mountains
(a) Preliminary Statement
The students who first traced Cabeza de Vaca and his com-
panions from Mal-Iado to the Land of Tunas are of no further
assistance for many stages of the journey. Without exception
they follow the route along the coast as far as knowledge of its
topography, or of the Oviedo narrative, will permit, and then, for
the onward journey, draw an arbitrary line across Texas, wholly
without regard to topography and the succession of facts stated
in the narratives, to a point on the upper Rio Grande where Espejo
intersected the route of Cabeza de Vaca, half a century later.
The reason for this is not apparent, for both Cabeza (de Vaca" and
man, at Las Prietas ranch, had some familiarity with the native dialect.
Their name for "Indian" was Xaima, and they were the Xainame and
Haname, of the Texan tribes further north. The Tonkawas said that the
Cotonames wore sandals instead of moccasins. (Handbook of American
ldiaus, I, 352.)
"Cabeza de Vaca, p. 133.222
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 22, July 1918 - April, 1919, periodical, 1919; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117156/m1/236/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.