Texas Almanac, 1952-1953 Page: 257
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FEDERAL TAXES. 257
tance telephone facilities which occurred in
the late 1920's and the establishment of the
air-mail service, telegraphic communications
were the principal means of fast long-distance
communication.
The first telegraph line between distant
points was that between Washington and
Baltimore, built at the expense of the Fed-
eral Government and opened for business on
May 24, 1844. The first commercial telegraph
line was opened between New York and
Philadelphia on Jan. 20, 1846.
First Line to Texas.
The Magnetic Telegraph Company built
from New York to Washington in 1845, and
the Washington-New Orleans Telegraph Com-
pany reached New Orleans on Thursday,
June 13, 1848, before the telegraph reached
St. Louis. Shortly after 1850 plans were made
to build from New Orleans through Lafayette
and along the Red River into Texas. Soon
the first lines were built through the pine
forests of East Texas'by attaching the wires
to the trees. In many instances telegraph
operators closed the offices and rode along
the lines to make repairs when the wind
swaying the trees caused breaks in the wires.
The Texas Telegraph Company, chartered
by the state Jan. 5, 1854, was the first com-
pany to operate within the state. Shortly
thereafter its name was changed to the Texas
and Red River Telegraph Company, which
built its first lines from Shreveport into
Marshall, Texas, where the first telegraph
office in Texas was opened on Feb. 14, 1854,
with connections from New Orleans via
Natchez, Miss., Alexandria and Shreveport,
La. During the same year the line was ex-
tended to Henderson, Rusk, Crockett, Mont-
gomery, Houston and Galveston. Connections
were made to Austin and San Antonio in 1865.
to Dallas and Fort Worth in 1872-1874 and to
Corpus Christi and Brownsville in 1875.
Telegraph lines were built across the coun-
try ahead of railroad tracks. By 1860 there
were a thousand miles of telegraph lines in
Texas.
Frontier Military Lines.
Between 1875 and 1877 the United States
Army Military Telegraph Division built gov-
ernment-owned telegraph lines to connect the
military forts in Texas to facilitate the move-
ment of the troops as a defense measure
against Indian raids. Connected were such
posts as Fort Ringgold in Starr County, Fort
Richardson in Jack County, Fort Davis in
Jeff Davis County and Fort Elliott in Wheeler
County.
In Texas these connections were made by
two major lines--one out of Denison via Pilot
Point, Jacksboro, Camp Colorado. San Angelo
to San Antonio; the other out of San Antonio
and extending westward through Brackett-
ville, Laredo and south into Rio Grande City
and Brownsville. From San Angelo the line
extended westward to El Paso. These lines
were connected with the Western Union lines
on March 1, 1876, and the transcontinental
connection was completed on Sept. 15, 1877.
The Federal Government maintained an ex-
tensive military telegraph organization during
the War Between the States. The Confederacy
depended upon the facilities of privately
operated lines.
FEDERAL TAXES PAID FROM TEXAS
In the fiscal year ended June 30, 1951,
Texas individuals and business firms paid to
the Federal Government $1,679,345,003.09 in
taxes. In the receding fiscal year the amount
was $1,290,622,384.22.
Texas is divided into two districts by the
Internal Revenue Bureau. They are the First'
Texas District which comprises approximately
the south half of the state and the Second
District which comprises the north half. Pay-
ments amounted to $873,199,372.36 from the
First District during the fiscal year ended
June 30, 1951. Payments from the SecondDistrict were $806,145,630.73. Texas was the
Sseventh-ranking state in total federal tax pay-
ments during the 1950-51 tax year.
The total federal taxes paid by Texas dur-
ing 1950-51 were divided as follows as to
source: Individual income tax not withheld
at source, $603,073,320.04; individual income
taxes withheld at source, $480,433,025.02; un-
employment insurance, $7,790,193.76; corpora-
tion income and profits taxes, $412,724,281.81;
miscellaneous internal revenue, $175,324,182.46.
Payments by States.
Total federal taxes paid by the states and
districts for fiscal years, 1949-50 and 1950-51.
States and Total Internal Revenue Collections.
Districts- 1950. 1951.Alabama ....
Arizona .....
Arkansas ...
1st Califormnia.
6th California.
Colorado ....
Connecticut .
Delaware...
Florida......
Georgia ....
Hawaii ......
Idaho .......
1st Illinois....
'Sth Illinois...
Indiana ....
Iowa ........
Kansas ......
Kentucky ....
Louisiana ...
Maine ......
Maryland
incl. D.C...
Massachusetts
Michigan ....
Minnesota ...
Mississippi ..
1st Missouri..
6th Missouri..
Montana ...
Nebraska ...
Nevada .....
N. Hampshire
1st N. Jersey.
5th N. Jersey.
New Mexico..
1st New York
2d New York.
3d New York.
14th N. York.
21st N. York.
28th N. York.
N. Carolina...
North Dakota
1st Ohio.....
10th Ohio ....
11th Ohio.....
18th Ohio....
Oklahoma ...
Oregon ..
1st Pennsylv..
12th Pennsylv.
23d Pennsylv.
Rhode Island.
S. Carolina...
S. Dakota....
Tennessee .
1st Texas...
2d Texas...
Utah ......
Vermont ....
Virginia ....
Washington,
incl. Alaska
West Virginia
Wisconsin ...
Wyoming ...
Customs . .
Post office..$233,208,454.90
74,822,094.83
105,425,486.38
1,447,804,476.65
1,346,908,918.91
272,505,614.59
592,874,470.40
356,901,157.62
359,387,115.89
392,518,088.07
81,400,813.25
71,828,836.43
2,831,451,111.21
565,441,547.31
973,283,542.96
345,223,492.49
307,923,529.99
857,689,175.30
350,570,822.04
106,910,352.68
1,130,796,682.40
1,127,641,137.55
2,747,570,685.81
629,726,416.50
88,306,655.97
795,915,730.32
306,169,405.59
74,864,365.34
261,366,873.27
35,446,339.28
68,755,337.58
221,356,744.75
912,618,301.86
57,906,231.82
673,159,267.62
2,401,351,509.05
2,820,570,073.04
S606,131,449.26
238,795,940.99
475,458,295.98
1,131,446,603.68
52,054,181.09
602,806,804.40
300,663,106.17
208,494,692.58
1,323,616,303.50
413,470,362.35
262,968,480.36
1,543,826,394.51
284,603,688.41
1,135 951,534.77
183,795,663.08
175,019,823.94
56,717,659.42
316,035,571.18
704,543,608.96
586,078,775.26
84,012,613.78
37,110,077.96
744,061,228.61
462,153,326.27
203,917,245.25
758,371,637.06
37,425,839.90
.......... e$298,027,754.20
106,356,762.82
130,827,364.66
1,813,752,107.51
1,722,554,091.45
353,359,065.91
816,382,164.82
566,941,209.55
464,326,027.54
497,030,397.86
97,630,824.65
91,247,761.31
3,615,679,765.97
697,547,468.52
1,195,460,954.56
437,643,616.74
385,029,990.40
1,056,245,705.78
408,815,162.16
127,265,804.26
1,406,634,606.64
1,481,004,778.90
4,131,989,530.98
785,404,721.61
113,837,543.20
986,537,917.53
397,438,396.06
91,562,494.18
333,762,674.87
47,478,246.79.
87,121,116.10
279,405,119.73
1,179,976,777.44
80,516,053.05
840,886,140.77
3,145,971,072.94
3,433,508,616.70
792,367,567.54
305,845,735.73
644,630,909.16
1,256,655,643.88
57,364,370.19
802,647,683.56
411,529,913.94
255,095,529.89
1,819,550,736.26
494,417,408.24
360,559,819.82
1,944,832,388.31
392,695,273.02
1,542,604,629.95
239,371,296.86
190,464,177.85
64,182,139.50
398,185,109.60
873,199,372.36
806,145,630.73
109,488,679.95
48,480.450.97
834,489,984.89
598,432,536.55
245,798,548.35
962,300,915.94
48,920,397.81
163,660,349.19
17,605,220.40Total....... 1$38,957,131,768.371$50,386,682,228.60
Total for states having more
California ... $2,794,713,395.56
Illinois ...... 3,396,892,658.52
Missouri 1 102,085,135.91
New Jersey.. 1,133,975,046.61'
New York... 7,215,466,535.94
Ohio ........ 2,435 580,906.65'
Pennsylvania 2,964,381,617.69
Texas ...... 1,290,622,384.22than one district:
$3,536,306,19S.96
4,313,227,234.49
1,383,976,313.59
1,459,381,897.17
963,210,042.84
3,288,823,863.65
3,88(,132,291.28
1,679,345,003.09
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Texas Almanac, 1952-1953, book, 1951; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117137/m1/259/: accessed April 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.