Texas Almanac, 1952-1953 Page: 243
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TEXAS MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES.
as among Texas industries as evidenced by
increase of industrial workers from 5.098 in
1939 to 9,284 in 1947. Texas' wide variety of
stone and clay await only the development of
a market for rapid expansion. (See p. 231.)
Its abundance of glass sand and natural gas
also give it the materials for a large glass-
manufacturing industry. The principal glass-
manufacturing plants are those of Owen-
Illinois at Waco and Knox at Palestine. It
was in this specific industry that the largest
percentage of increase of industrial workers
was registered. There was also a large In-
crease in the pottery industry. (See p. 247
for data on manufactures, also pp. 229-231
for data on stone, sand, glass, etc.)
PRIMARY METALS INDUSTRIES
In the matters of both recent expansion
and potentiality for the future, this group of
industries ranks second only to the chemical
industries. Principal development of the last
decade has been the, building of the Sheffield
steel plant at Houston and the Lone Star
steel plant at Daingerfield. The Sheffield
plant is a completely integrated iron-and-steel
industry, located on the Houston Ship Chan-
nel. In early 1951 the Lone Star plant had in
operation blast furnace, coke ovens, cast-iron-
pipe plant, and had under construction a
large steel plant. (See p. 227.)
Another noteworthy primary metal industry
development during the last few years has
been the aluminum plant of the Aluminum
Corporation of America at Port Lavaca and
the construction of the big plant of the
Reynolds Company near Taft in San Patricio
early in 1951. In July, 1951, it was also an-
nounced that ALCOA would establish a large
plant in Milam County, near Rockdale, and
utilize lignite from that area in an aluminum
reduction plant. These three plants together
represent an investment reported at morethan $200,000,000. Another primary metal in-
dustry of great importance is the production
of magnesium and other metals, as well as
some nonmetals, from sea water at the Dow
plant at Freeport. (See p. 228.)
Zinc is produced from a large smelter at
Etter, Dumas County, though from imported
ores, the plant being located there because
of the availability of gas. At El Paso Is. a
large copper-refining plant. In this city also
is a customs smelter utilizing ores from
Texas, Mexico, New Mexico and Arizona. It
is one of the oldest industries of its kind in
the country.
In this classification, number of industrial
workers jumped from 3,140 in 1939 to 20,585
in 1947.
Farm mechanization has lent considerable
impetus to this industrial group as well as
the two mentioned immediately below. Ex-
tension of the Intracoastal Canal in recent
years has also helped stimulate all of the
metal industries in Texas.
Fabricated Metal Products.
This industrial group has grown principally
from the same causes as mentioned immedi-
ately above. Number of industrial workers Jn-
creased from 4,183 in 1939 to 10,964 in 1947.
Included in this group are such products
as structural iron, steel and other metals;
cutlery and hand tools and metal hardware,
heating equipment, metal stamping and plat-
ing, wire and nails, metal barrels and drums
and a long line of other products. In some
instances they are produced in connection
with production of the primary metals, as in
the instances of wire and nails at the Houston
steel mill and cast-iron pipe at Daingerfield.
However, production is usually separate from
the primary metal industries. A heavy in-
dustry, it is concentrated largely at the
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Texas Almanac, 1952-1953, book, 1951; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117137/m1/245/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.