The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 36, July 1932 - April, 1933 Page: 176
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Southwestern Historical Quarterly
Colorado River two hundred and fifty miles distant." Much of
the heavy mining machinery was pulled by mules from Indianola,
eleven hundred miles away. By 1859 two stage lines were run-
ning along the southern route, the Overland Mail operated by
John Butterfield under government contract, and the San An-
tonio and San Diego Mail Line. The fare from San Antonio to
Tucson with an allowance of thirty pounds of baggage was one
hundred and fifty dollars and to San Diego two hundred dol-
lars.12 The coach was pulled by six mules and was accompanied
by an armed escort through the Indian country. The route fol-
lowed a series of military posts, crossing the Rio Grande near
El Paso. The discomforts of the, trip were many-the bad bacon,
bad beans, strong coffee and bread furnished by the stage com-
pany as the only food, the infernal howling of wolves at night,
and the constant anxiety over Indians. Most of the travellers
did not change their clothes or shave during the entire journey
lasting nearly three weeks (from Indianola). When Tucson was
reached, the passengers were a wild-looking crew and nearly half
dead from lack of sleep.'3
In Tucson an interesting group of people had gathered at this
period. Samuel Cozzens, the only lawyer in Mesilla, was intro-
duced to the leading personages of the town when he visited it in
1859. Colonel Palatine Robinson was the leading merchant, mar-
ried to an attractive wife. He possessed the best house in the
town, surrounded by gardens planted with fruit trees and grape-
vines. Cozzens met the famous Phil Herbert, a former member
of Congress from California, who had killed one of the waiters
of Willard's Hotel in Washington and "sought to drown the
memory of the deed in the dissipation offered in a life on the
Arizona frontier."' Another Californian he met was Ned Mc-
Gowan, who had escaped the Vigilance Committee of San Fran-
cisco, and who enjoyed the respect of Arizonians, because, al-
"Pumpelly, Raphael, Aoross America and Asia (New York, 1870), p. 30.
Pumpelly became mining engineer of the Santa Rita mines near Tubae in
1860 and later Professor at Harvard University.
"The Weekly Arizonian, August 18, 1859, Advertisement.
I See Pumpelly, Raphael, Reminiscences (New York, 1918), I, 183-188.
He travelled by overland stage to Tucson in 1860. Mark Twain, who
travelled to Carson City in 1861, describes the discomforts of the overland
journey in Roughing It (Chap. I-XX).
"Cozzens, Samuel L., The Marvellous Country, or Three Years in Arisone
and New Mexico (Boston, 1875), p. 204.176
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 36, July 1932 - April, 1933, periodical, 1933; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101093/m1/196/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.