The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 26, July 1922 - April, 1923 Page: 22
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22 Southwestern Historical Quarterly
that section of the Republic, commanding them forthwith to de-
sist in their traffic, and immediately withdraw from said Indians
with all their property; and should said traders refuse so to de-
sist (in their traffic), and break up, their establishments, they
shall be subject and liable to all the pains and penalties of piracy.
The president is further authorized and requested to open a nego-
tiation with the government of the United States for the purpose
of putting a stop to said trade and traffic.66
The resolution was never brought up for a second reading in
the House. The House Standing Committee on Indian Affairs, of
the Second Congress, Called Session, made a report on November
1, 1837. The committee recommended: that a conciliatory policy
be pursued toward the Indians; that blockhouses and trading
houses be established on the frontier, under the direction of the
Government, for the purpose of supplying their wants, and open-
ing a channel of commerce for their articles of trade; and that
Coffee's Trading House on Red River be suppressed or placed
under the surveillance of the Government.67
In spite of the president's policy and various Indian committee
recommendations, Congress did very little to establish govern-
mental control over the trade with the Indians. An act for the
protection of the frontier passed by the First Session of the First
Congress contained a provision authorizing the president "to cause
to be erected such blockhouses, forts, and trading houses, as in
his judgment may be necessary to prevent Indian depredations.""s
No appropriations were made, however, by which the president
would be enabled to carry out the provision. Congress was much
more interested in provisions for the military defense of the
frontier than in measures for trading houses. Houston to some
degree succeeded in regulating the trade with the Indians by
treaties. As has already been seen, every treaty made, with the
savages during his administration, contained provisions for bring-
ing trade under the direct control of the government. The treaty
with the Tonkawas, made November 22, 1837, and ratified De-
cember 19, 1837, provided: that Nathaniel Lewis should be ap-
pointed trading agent for the tribe, to control trade carried on
cOJournal of the House of Representatives, 1 Congress, 1 Session, 242.
"Journal of the House of Representatives, 2 Congress, Called Session, 82.
"Gammel, Laws of Texas, Section 5, of an Act for the Protection of the
Frontier, I, 1113-1114.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 26, July 1922 - April, 1923, periodical, 1923; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101084/m1/28/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.