The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 21, July 1917 - April, 1918 Page: 270
434 p. ; 23 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
review of the findings and recommendations of the regent, the
Council declared that since the proceedings at the trial of Mar-
quina had been irregular and the governor had been greatly in-
convenienced already by the slow process of the courts, the fine
imposed by the judge of residencia in Manila, should be reduced
to 2,000 pesos. Marquina, writing from Mexico, asked to have, the
fine remitted, but the Council denied his petition, declaring that
he had been treated with great consideration and mercy already
and that nothing more could be done in his behalf, especially since
he had not been adjudged innocent of the charges made. against
him."
Marquina's trial illustrates all of the characteristics, delays, ter-
rors and ramifications of a typical governor's residencia in the sev-
enteenth and eighteenth centuries. Continual complaints against
him caused Marquina's residencia to be taken before the expira-
tion of his official term. The regent of the audiencia was com-
missioned by the court to conduct the investigation (because Mar-
quina's successor had not arrived). That magistrate was preju-
diced on account of his having witnessed the governor's continual
malfeasance in office. Hle was unable to conduct an impartial
investigation, nor would the audiencia, likewise prejudiced, inter-
vene in behalf -of the ex-governor. The wrongs done to Marquina
in his trial were so patent that the Council of the Indies ordered
a new hearing. A severe sentence was finally passed bry the judge
in Manila, but it was modified by the Council of the Indies through
considerations of mercy. The residencia occupied ten years, and
during the greater part of that time the ex-governor remained in
exile, a victim of his own misdeeds, the faulty residencia system
and the hostility of the audiencia. The customary severity of the
residencia was only mitigated in this case by the presence of an
impartial governor, who, unlike most governors, sought to secure
a fair trial for his predecessor. To accomplish this, he was obliged
to work in opposition to, rather than in cooperation with, the
audiencia..
The above-described method of conducting the residencia of
"'It is an interesting commentary on the Spanish governmental point of
view that, notwithstanding Marquina's misgovernment in the Philippines,
he was promoted to the post of Viceroy of New Spain, which place he held
from 1800 to 1803.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 21, July 1917 - April, 1918, periodical, 1918; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101073/m1/276/: accessed April 27, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.