The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 19, July 1915 - April, 1916 Page: 88
452 p. : maps ; 23 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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The Southwestern Historical Quarterly
bond for his office13 and make a monthly report of his dealings and
collections to the oficiales reales.14 The collections were entered in
the caxa and he gave a receipt to those who paid.15 An escribano
was also appointed by the audiencia for the caxa de communidad to
authenticate papers connected with its affairs and take care of the
judicial and extra-judicial autos touching on the same. He was
to charge fees to the Spaniards but not to the Indians.'l An al-
guacil was similarly appointed to execute embargos, give summons,
etc., as the judicial affairs connected with the caxa might demand.17
An encomendero was forbidden to enter the Indian pueblos's or
interfere in their government.'9 He could, however, appoint a
calpizque or mayordomo for each Indian pueblo to look after his
interests, if a license to this effect were secured from the governor.20
These calpizques had no judicial authority even though the village
was under seigneurial jurisdiction, and any calpizque carrying the
vara de justicia into an Indian pueblo was to be punished by the
provincial authorities.21
Indians were exempt from paying the tithe (decima) in the case
of executions, and in the case of other fees the administrators of
justice were to proceed with moderation and keep. in mind the well-
being of the Indians.22 Indians were not permitted to go from
one reduccion to another, and the penalty for so doing was twenty
lashes for the culprit and four pesos fine on the cacique who per-
mitted it: the four pesos to go to the church treasury.23
LOCAL VERSUS CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
There was an essential difference in principle between the local
government herein provided for and that of the larger units of
the colonies. The local government was to be indigenous, growing
naturally out of local conditions, officered by resident land owners,
preferably those who had been there the longest time.24 The local
government was supposed to have no interest outside of its own
jurisdiction. Family ties were favored, strangers were often ex-
cluded, and the local income was supposed to be from local sources.
The attachment of the citizens and officers was to the soil.
186:4:27, Carlos II. 146:4:28, Carlos II. 16:4:30, Carlos II.
1'6:4:25, Carlos II. "76:4:25, Carlos II. "16:9:14, 1550 to 1618.
'"6:9:13, 1609. "6:3:27, 1550, 1563. 216:3:28, 1562.
"5:14:15, 1596. 2"6:3:18, 1618. 25:3:5, 1595, Carlos II.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 19, July 1915 - April, 1916, periodical, 1916; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101067/m1/97/: accessed April 26, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.