The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912 Page: 139
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Revolt of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico in 1680 139
Early that morning the enemy was discovered in the plain of Las
Milpas de San Miguel, south of Santa F6, sacking the houses as
they approached the villa.' Otermin at once sent out a troop of
soldiers to reconnoiter the advancing enemy, when Juan, the
leader of the Indians, was seen on horseback, armed with an
arquebus, sword, dagger, and other Spanish military equipment,
and with a sash of red taffeta, which they recognized as belonging
to the convent of Galisteo, around his waist. By favoring him
the soldiers finally induced him to enter the plaza of the villa in
order to talk to the Governor. Here Otermin chided him for hav-
ing betrayed the confidence which had been imposed in him, to
which the Indian replied that it could not now be helped, since
already many religious and other Spaniards had been killed, and
that the Indians who came with him were fully determined to
complete their plans by sacking the villa and killing all the Span-
iards who were there, unless they were willing to withdraw from
the country. And that they might know the decision of the
Spaniards in this regard they had brought with them two crosses,
one red and the other white, between which the besieged must
choose, the former signifying resistance on their part, and the
latter that they would abandon the province. Otermin, however,
was unwilling even to consider this alternative, and instead ad-
monished them to cease their hostile actions and return to their
homes, promising to pardon them for their treason against the
king and for the crimes and sacrileges which they had already
would make the beginning of the siege the 11th day of August, though
as has been seen it was not until the 14th that the people in Santa FA
actually became aware that a body of Indians was near the villa, and it
was not until the 15th that they were seen approaching. It thus appears
that Otermln considered the siege as beginning with the first measures
that were adopted for the defense of the villa, which were taken on
August 11 when Francisco Xavier was ordered to summon all the people
of the villa and its jurisdiction to the royal houses where they might be
able to defend themselves if the necessity should arise. It has seemed
more logical to me, however, to consider the siege as beginning with the
actual investment of Santa F by the Indians on August 15, and according
to this view it could only have lasted five days. In regard to this question
Bancroft seems to be unable to determine whether this siege lasted five or
seven days, while the statement of Davis ("Papers American I-Iistorical
Institute," III, 173) that the actual siege lasted ten days is without
foundation.
'For this and all other facts concerning the siege, not otherwise re-
ferred to, see "auto y dilijentia," in Autlos tocantes, 5-7.
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 15, July 1911 - April, 1912, periodical, 1912; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101056/m1/144/: accessed April 30, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.