The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 10, July 1906 - April, 1907 Page: 117
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The Founding of Mission Rosario. 117,
of Aguayo's expedition, recorded at the time in his diary that "it
was seen that they [these three tribes] were very docile -and would
enter readily upon the work of cultivating the earth and their own
souls, the more because they live in greater misery than the other
tribes, since they subsist altogether upon fish and go entirely without
clothing."' By this utterance Pefia proved himself either ignorant
or defiant of history, a bad sociologist, and a worse prophet.
In a short time forty or more families of Cujanes, Caranca-
guases, and Guapites established their rancheria near the presidio,
and others may have entered the mission; but scarcely had they
done so before trouble began. In the fall of 1723 a personal quarrel
arose between them and the soldiers. An attempt to punish an of-
fending Indian resulted in a fight, the death of Captain Ram6n,
and the flight of the natives.2 In a few weeks the Indians returned
to make reprisals upon the lives and the goods of the soldiery--a
practice which they kept up more or less continuously for the next
twenty-five years." Whether or not the garrison was to blame for
the origin of the ill feeling, as it was claimed they were, can not
be stated, but at 'any rate they showed little skill in dealing with
this warlike people.4
Discouraged by the hostility between the Indians and the sol-
diery, the missionary at Espiritu Santo removed his mission some
ten leagues northwestward to the Guadalupe River, and labored
among the Jaranames and the T'amiques,5 non-coast tribes, of a
different language, hostile to, and having a somewhat higher civil-
ization than the K-arankawans.C Shortly afterward the presidio was
'Diary, in Memorias de Nueva Espata, XXVIIII, 57-58.
2Autos sobre muertes, etc., 1723-1724.
'Ibid. In 1728 Rivera reported that the Cujanes, .Cocos, Guapites, and
Carancaguases were hostile to Bahfa (Proyecto, Tercero Estado, Par. 42).
In 1730 Governor Bustillo y Zevallos wrote to the viceroy that a treaty
had been made with Cujanes, Guapites, and ICarancaguases, and that he
hoped that the Copanes and Cocos would soon join them (Letter of Nov.
29, 1730). Testimony given at Bahfa Nov. 20, 1749, states that Captain
Orobio y Basterra had succeeded for some time in keeping the Cocos
Cujanes, and Orcoquizas quiet (B6xar Archives, Bahfa, 1743-1778).
'Bancroft (North Mexican States and Texas, edition of 1886, I, 631), on
the authority of Morfi, lays the blame upon the soldiers. ,So did Governor
Almazdn, who investigated the trouble in 1723 (Autos sobre muertes,
1723-1724).
'Bancroft, North Mexicae States and Texas, edition of 1886, I, 631.
'Father Juan .de Dios Maria Camberos, missionary at Bahfa, wrote to
the viceroy May 30, 1754, that "these Indians already mentioned [the
Cujanes, Guapites, and Carancaguases] do not wish to leave the neigh-
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Texas State Historical Association. The Quarterly of the Texas State Historical Association, Volume 10, July 1906 - April, 1907, periodical, 1907; Austin, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth101040/m1/137/: accessed April 28, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.