Nesbitt Memorial Library Journal, Volume 7, Number 2, May 1997 Page: 108
[68] p. : ill. ; 28 cm.View a full description of this periodical.
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Nesbitt Memorial Library Journal
40 slaves. His father, James S. Montgomery, once the largest slaveholder in the county,
still boasted 86 slaves. His holdings had no doubt been reduced by cessions to his other two
sons, William W. and Samuel Stephen, who had fourteen and eight slaves respectively on
their adjacent land, and to his now-deceased daughter, Laura Ann, and now-deceased son-
in-law, John Shelby McNeel, whose children owned eighteen slaves in 1864. Caleb
Claiborne Herbert, who spent most of the war serving in the Confederate congress, had also
conveyed part of his plantation to his heirs, in his case, his daughter, Sarah, who had
married Thomas Garner in 1857. Her father gave her more than 500 acres on January 3,
1862. In 1864, she and her husband operated their farm with the help of 21 slaves; Herbert
himself owned 50; and Herbert's brother, William J. Herbert, owned 27. The other large
plantation men in the Eagle Lake Bottom, among them Richard H. Foote, who had 42
slaves, George Washington Thatcher, who had 33, Nathan B. Floyd, who had 31, Phineas
M. Garrett, with 29, Joel D. Shrewsbury, with 21, William H. Strahan, with 18, James G.
Newsom, with 16, and the partnerships of Calvin Gordon and Alexander Quay Dunovant,
with 56, and John W. Wicks and Isaac J. Frazer, with 49, had also continued operations.60
Across the river from the Eagle Lake Bottom, and upriver and nearer
Columbus, the plantations of Henry David Rhodes, who owned 104 slaves in 1864, Charles
William Tait, who owned 68, Lawrence Augustin Washington, who owned 26, George S.
Turner, who owned 23, and Ethelbert Bruce Fowlkes, who owned 36, and those of James
Wright, who owned 42, John Pinchback, who owned 92, William and Mary Pinchback,
who had 73, Isam Tooke, who had 22, Philip E. Waddell, who had 34, John Oscar Tanner,
who had 30, James Carlton, who had 32, Andrew Monroe Campbell, who had 56, and the
estates of Abraham Alley, which had 33, and of John F. Miller, which had 22, would also
be profoundly affected by emancipation. Though no new plantations had cropped up in the
area, one, that had been operated by John S. Shropshire, who had been killed in the war,
had, naturally, changed hands. His widow, the former Caroline Tait, who was the actual
owner of the plantation, remarried, to William Shelby Delany, on July 22, 1863, and she
and her new husband operated their plantation with 80 slaves in 1864. Around the bend
across the river from Columbus, John Hancock Crisp had 140 slaves, William Harbert had
130, David Hardee Crisp had 65, James Lee Taylor had 39, Harriet Burford had 30, Milas
Brandon Mathews had 21, and the former Elizabeth R. Nice, who had married Hugh L.
Davidson on October 28, 1861, had 29. These, the largest slaveholders in the three areas
with the largest slave populations, were horrified at the thought of losing their slaves,
particularly so because, to them, each slave represented an asset with real cash value. In
60 Colorado County Tax Rolls, 1864; Colorado County Deed Records, Book L, p. 33, Book M, p.
541; Colorado County Marriage Records, Book D, p. 12. The few large plantations listed above housed 737
of the 4086 slaves in the county in 1864.108
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Nesbitt Memorial Library. Nesbitt Memorial Library Journal, Volume 7, Number 2, May 1997, periodical, May 1997; Columbus, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth151400/m1/36/?q=nesbitt+memorial+library+journal: accessed June 3, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Nesbitt Memorial Library.