Texas Almanac, 1943-1944 Page: 44
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TEXAS ALMANAC -1943-1944
1864
Battle of Adobe Walls, Nov 25, in which
Americans under Col Christopher (Kit) Car-
son defeated Kiowa and Comanche Indians
1865
Lee surrenders at Appomattox, Va . April 9
Gen. Gordon Granger lands at Galveston
June 18, Reconstruction in Texas begun
Last shot of Civil War fired during May in
Rio Grande Valley
Gen. E. Kirby Smith surrenders, May 30
A. J. Hamilton succeeded Murrah as Gov-
ernor, June 17, Murrah having fled to Mexico
with fall of Confederacy
Texas State Treasury robbed of about $17.-
000, June 11, the robbers escaping to the hills
west of Austin after a spectacular pursuit
1866
Convention of Uniomnists met at Austin,
Feb 10, declared against secession, acknowl-
edged liberation of slaves canceled war
debts, and ordered an election in July at
which J. W. Throckmorton vas elected Gov-
ernor. Thiockmorton's term began Aug 9.
1867
Texas placed under military control Gen
Philip H. Sheridan made commander of
troops in Texas and Louisiana Throckmorton
removed by Sheridan. Aug 8, and replaced
by Ex-Gov E M Pease, who served fiom
Aug. 8, 1867, to Sept 30, 1869, a period of
great confusion
1868 and 1869
Constitutional convention called at order of
military government, in session intermittent-
ly from June 1, 1868, until February, 1869
Constitution left unfinished, but completed by
orders of military government and ratified
by people on Nov 30. 1869 This was a con-
vention of "Radicals" or extreme Unionists
Governor Pease, Unionist but stanch Texas
patriot, became discouraged and resigned,
Sept 30. From Sept. 30 until Jan 8 of fol-
lowing year there was no Govelnor or civil
government in Texas.
At election Nov 30, "radical" constitution
ratified by electorate consisting of those who
could take the "ironclad" oath. Election pre-
ceded by campaign of great bitterness. Union
Leagues that had sprung up controlled poli-
tics largely, and carpet bag rule reached its
peak. Ku Klux Klan had sprung up in oppo-
sition. Edmund J. Davis chosen Governor at
this election.
1870
Edmund J. Davis becomes Governor, Jan 8
Texas readmitted to the union by act of
Congress, March 30. after having ratified
Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amend-
ments to Federal Constitution
1871
Taxpayers' convention held at Austin in
September to protest against radical rule and
waste of public money.
On appeal from citizens who were suffering
from Indian raids In western part of state
Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman sent to
Texas with small detachment to tour western
line of forts. Ordered investigation which re-
sulted in arrest of the chieftains, Satank,
Santanta, and Big Tree.
1873
In December election, Richard Coke, Demo-
cratic nominee defeated Davis, Republican,
for Governor, but Davis contested election.
1874
Richard Coke became Governor succeeding
Davis, Jan 15 Davis' contest had been sus-
tained by the state courts and for a short
while part of the Capitol was held by Coke
and the Legislature. and part by Davis and
an armed guard Davis retired when Presi-
dent Grant refused to sustain his appeal for
aid Davis vacated his office Jan 17
Gen R S Mackenzie of United States
Army on Sept 28 trapped large band Kiowas
and Comanches at function of Palo Duro and
Tule Canyons after stampeding their hoisesThey had entered Texas from their reserva-
tions in Indian Territory. This marked the
end of Indian depredations in Texas though
there were subsequent incidents along the Rio
Grande and in the Big Bend.
1875
Dissatisfied with Constitution of 1869, a new
constitutional contention was called and was
in session at Austin from Sept. 6 to Nov 14
writing new Constitution of the State of
Texas.
1876
New constitution ratified by the people,
Feb 15, this is the State Constitution in force
at present.
Agricultural and Mechanical College of
Texas opened, Oct 4
Governor Coke designed to become member
of United States Senate. Dec 1 Succeeded
by Richard B. Hubbard who served until
Jan. 21, 1879. 1879
Oran M Roberts became Governor Jan 21,
and serve ed until Jan. 16, 1883 His adminis-
tration was on the pay-as-you-go plan A
deficit was wiped out, the public debt low-
ered, and taxes reduced as a result Sam
Houston and Prairie View Normal Schools
were established
1881
Capitol at Austin burned, Nov. 9.
1883
John Ireland became Go ernor and served
to Jan. 18, 1887 He continued improvement
of the educational system
University of Texas opened.
Fence-Cutting War waged between large
and small landowners in West Texas Law
passed making it a felony to cut fences and
providing that no fences be built that would
cut other property off from highways.
1887
L. S. Ross became Go ernor. Jan. 18. and
seized until Jan. 20, 1891. His administra-
tion effected betterment of state eleemos-
nary institutions and reduced taxes, the latter
reform being due to receipt from Federal
Government of $1,000,000 to reimburse the
state for expenditures in guarding the border
State suffered severe drouth
Prohibition amendment defeated, Aug. 4.
1888
New State Capitol completed, dedicated in
May. To pay for its erection the state granted
slightly more than 3,000,000 acres of land in
the Texas Panhandle. Constructed of pink
granite from Granite Mountain in the south-
ern part of Burnet County. At time of its
completion it was among the large buildings
of the world.
1891
James Stephen Hogg became Governor,
Jan. 20. Served to Jan. 15, 1895. He was first
native Texan elected Governor.
Railroad Commission of Texas established
An important plank In the Hogg platform had
been regulation of the railroads. Board of
Pardon Advisers established Other legisPa-
tion included" "Jim-Crow" Coach Law, and
Alien Land Law.
1892
Governor James Stephen Hogg, running for
a second term, was opposed by George W.
Clark in one of the bitterest political cam-
paigns in Texas history. Hogg won by a vote
of 190,864 to 133,395.
1894
Charles A. Culberson (Democrat) elected
Governor over T. L. Nugent (Populist, or
People's, Party) by vote of 207.167 to 152.731
In recent years the Populist party had grad-
ually become a power in Texas politics
1895
Charles A. Culberson succeeded Governoi
Hogg Jan 15, and served until Jan 17,
1899 two terms
Special session of Legislature called by
Governor Culberson and act passed prohibit-
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Texas Almanac, 1943-1944, book, 1943; Dallas, Texas. (https://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth117165/m1/46/: accessed March 29, 2024), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History, https://texashistory.unt.edu; crediting Texas State Historical Association.