The Southwestern Historical Quarterly, Volume 50, July 1946 - April, 1947 Page: 180

Southwestern Historical Quarterly

Indians in Kansas, Texas, and southern Oklahoma (then called
Miller County, Arkansas) before they were again uprooted and
compelled to move.
The first government emigration of Indians from Texas,
under the guidance and protection of army escorts and Indian
officials, took place in 1859, when the Tawaconi, Waco, Coman-
che, Caddo, and Anadarko tribes were located on the Washita
River, near the site of the present Anadarko. The Lipan was
an Apache tribe which, at various periods of the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries, roamed over the lower Rio Grande
in New Mexico eastward through Texas to the Gulf coast.
Most of them were driven into Coahuila, Mexico, during the
Texan Indian wars from 1845 to 1856, designed to exterminate
the Indians within the Texas border. A few of them went to
Oklahoma with the Tonkawa.
Even though it is too late for Americans to rectify the mis-
takes of the past in dealing with the Indians, The Last Trek
closes with a hopeful note.
The influence of missionaries on the morals of the Indians, along with
education in the field of proper living, sanitation, substitution of medical
care for incantations of medicine men, enactment and enforcement of
laws against the introduction of whiskey-all tended to place the Indian's
health on a par with that of the white man and to arrest the rapid death
rate among them, until now, under the present enlightened Indian admin-
istration, the norm of the Indian's birth and death rate is very similar to
that of his white brother.
OHLAND MORTON
Edinburg Junior College
Three New Mexico Chronicles: The Exposici6n of Don Pedro
Bautista Pino, 1812; the Ojeada of Lie. Antonio Barreiro,
1832; and the Additions by Don Joeg Agustin de Escudero,
1849. Translated, with Introduction and Notes, by H. Bailey
Carroll and J. Villasana Haggard. Albuquerque (The Qui-
vira Society), 1942. Pp. xxxi+342. $10.
The pattern of historical writing on New Mexico--from
Hubert Howe Bancroft and Ralph Emerson Twitchell to the
New Mexico Historical Review, the Quivira Society publications,
and the Coronado Cuarto Centennial volumes--has been to
stress the Spanish beginnings and the early development of
the province. Except for attention to the coming of American

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